单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,The gem-Beijing Opera国粹京剧,The gem-Beijing Opera,Chinese traditional opera is considered,one of the worlds three ancient operas,together with Greek tragedy and comedy,and Indian Sanskrit opera.Among the more than 360 ancient local operas in China,Peking Opera is known as Chinas national opera,despite its comparatively young 200-year history.,Origin,京剧非“京”,Although it is called Peking Opera,the origins of Peking Opera are,not in Beijing,but in the provinces of,Anhui(East China)and Hubei(South-central China).,Its rise is due in great part to the favorable eyes and patronage of the imperial royalties.,京味道,Peking Opera is a purely Chinese opera form dating back to the year 1790,when the famous Four Anhui Opera Troupes first came to Beijing in celebration of the 80th birthday of Emperor Qianlong(1711-1799)of the Qing Dynasty(1644-1911).The tour was a hit and the troupes stayed.In 1828,some famous Hubei Opera Troupe players came to Beijing.,The artists of Hubei and Anhui troupes often jointly performed on the stage and absorbed repertoires,music,arias and performing techniques of each other and from other operas like Kun Qu,Qin Qiang and Bang Zi,as well as the local dialect and customs of Beijing.Its repertoires mainly depict fairy tales of preceding dynasties and important historical events.,湖北，安徽剧团的艺术家经常在舞台上共同表演和吸收的剧目，在音乐，曲调和表演技巧方面与其它剧种相互吸收。
如昆曲，秦腔和梆子，以及当地的方言和北京海关的表演技巧其剧目主要描绘古老神话故事和重要的历史事件,It was after 1840 that Peking Opera formally took shape,growing even faster during the reign of the Empress Dowager Cixi(1835-1908),who was an opera aficionado.Classic Peking Opera repertoires and the names of the first-generation masters were on the lips of the people in Beijing,and eventually prevalent around the country.,京剧是1840年以后正式形成了，慈禧太后（1835至1908年）是一个歌剧爱好者，在位期间京剧发展得更快经典京剧剧目和第一代大师的名字，经过人民的传诵，并最终在全国各地普遍存在生,Sheng,:main male role,Four roles-,旦,Dan,:young and beautiful female,Four roles-,净,Jing,:painted faced male,Four roles-,丑,Chou,:clown,male or female,Four roles-,Such reforms have taken the form of creating a school of performance theory to increase performance quality,utilizing,（利用）,modern elements to attract new audiences,and performing new plays outside of the traditional canon.,（打破陈规）,The development,In addition to more formal reform measures,Beijing opera troupes also adopted more unofficial changes.Some of those seen in traditional works have been called technique for techniques sake.,This has included the use of extended high pitch sequences by female Dan（旦）,and the addition of lengthier movement sections and percussion sequences to traditional works.,开拓市场,To survive in an increasingly open market,troupes like the Shanghai Jingju Company needed to bring traditional Beijing opera to new audiences.,To do this,they have offered an increasing number of free performances in public places.,因此，他们在公共场所提供免费演出的越来越多,Thanks,。