Mark-TwainMark-Twain马克吐温英文马克吐温英文介绍解读介绍解读 Mark Twain•1 ) His life experience•2 ) His famous works•3 ) His writing styles•4 ) His literary influence Question•1 ) What's the style of the essay? humorous? satirical? serious? or what?•2 ) Why did he become more and more bitter in his later years?satirical[sə'tɪrɪk(ə)l]adj.讽刺性的；讥讽的satirize['sætɪraɪz]vt.讽刺；挖苦satire['sætaɪə]n.讽刺；讽刺文学，讽刺作品 •His real name was Samuel Langhorne Clemens.•an American author and humorist•a journalist （新闻工作者）who satirized the hypocrisy of man and society Ø Born in Florida, Missouri, on November 30, 1835.Ø When he was four, Twain's family moved to Hannibal.Ø In 1847 the death of his father brought an end to his carefree days, and he had to go to work at the age of 12 as a printer’s apprentice（学徒）.Ø In 1851, he began working as a typesetter and contributor （投稿者）of articles and humorous sketches （素描） for a newspaper owned by his brother. •From 1857 to 1861,Twain worked as a riverboat pilot on the Mississippi River. This occupation gave him his pen name, Mark Twain.•On Mississippi riverboats, two fathoms, a depth indicating safe water for passage of boat, was measured on the sounding line.•“Mark twain” was a call used by sailors. Pictures from www.pbs.org •In 1863,he worked at a Virginia City newspaper. Here he first used his pen name.•In 1864,Twain moved to San Francisco, still as a journalist.•His first success as a writer came when his humorous tall tale, "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County," was published in 1865. It brought him national attention. On February 2, 1870, Twain married Olivia Langdon, the only daughter of a wealthy New York businessman..Pictures from www.pbs.org During his seventeen years in Hartford (1874–1891) and over twenty summers at Quarry Farm, Twain wrote many of his classic novels：•The Prince and the Pauper (1881) 《王子与贫儿》•Life on the Mississippi (1883) 《密西西比河上的生活》 •A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court (1889) 《误闯亚瑟王宫》 Twain’s greatest fame and his importance in American literature rest largely on his two best known novels, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer The Adventures of Tom Sawyer 《《汤姆汤姆·索亚历险记索亚历险记 》The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 《《哈克费恩历险记哈克费恩历险记 》 By 1900 Twain had become America’s foremost celebrity. He was invited to attend anniversary gatherings, political conventions, and countless dinners. Reporters met him at every port of call, anxious to print a new quip from the famous humorist. Pictures from www.pbs.org •the failure of his investments, •his fatiguing travels and lectures in order to pay off his debts, •the death of his wife and two daughters•the darkening social life•Some critics link these tragic events with the change of style in his later works, from an optimist and humorist to an almost despairing determinist. •Mark Twain died of illness on April 21, 1910. When he passed away, newspapers around the country declared, “The whole world is mourning.” Trilogy of Mississippi(密西西比河三部曲密西西比河三部曲)Life on the Mississippi《密西西比河上》《密西西比河上》The Adventures of Tom Sawyer（汤姆索亚历险记（汤姆索亚历险记)The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 《哈克贝利《哈克贝利•费恩历险记》费恩历险记》 Other works•Running for Governor《竞选州长》•The £1,000,000 Bank-Note《百万英镑》•The Gilded Age《镀金时代》•The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County ( his first story) 《卡拉维拉斯县驰名的跳蛙》•The innocent abroad《傻子出国记》•The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg •《败坏了哈德莱堡的人》•Roughing It•《苦行记》•The Adventures of Tom Sawyer •《汤姆·索亚历险记》•The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn •《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》马克·吐温四大名著 Writing Characteristics of Mark Twain•Early stage: Active & humor•Mid-term: Satire（讽刺）•Later period-Pessimistic & desperate•He used a lot of colloquial idioms（俚语） and colloquial syntax（口语）and made his writing full of allegories（寓言） that lay behind the humor.like a sharp weapon His contribution & influence •He made colloquial speech an accepted, respectable literary medium in the literary history of the country. Its influence is clearly visible in 12th-century American literature. •Mark Twain was a social critic as well. He loved freedom and justice, felt a pride in human dignity and advocated brotherhood of man. He hated meanness and cruelty. His writings touch upon almost every issue of his time such as politics, religion, slavery, and the persecution of the Chinese and the Jews. Question•1 ) What's the style of the essay? humorous? satirical? serious? or what?•Satire•2 ) Why did he become more and more bitter in his later years?•Some critics link these tragic events with the change of style in his later works, from an optimist and humorist to an almost despairing determinist. ThanksThe End 结束！结束！ 。