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初一、初二英语时态讲解与练习

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初一、初二英语时态解说与练习句子的时态是通过动词的变化来体现的,通过观测一种动词的不同形式可以看出句子的时态,表白发生的时间有些时态可以通过时间状语来拟定,有些则根据常识来拟定一、一般目前时1. 表达措施:主语除了三单以外的人称用动词原形,主语是三单(he, she, it,人名、物名)时,动词的表达措施与名词的复数形式是同样的,即动词的三单动词的三单变化:一般在动词后加-s; 以s, x, o, sh, ch 结尾的加es; 以辅音字母加y 结尾的,变y为i,再加es; 以f, fe结尾的变f, fe为v, 再加es2. 哪些状况下用一般目前时1) 表达常常性、习惯性的动作;表达目前的状态、特性和真理句中常用 often, usually, always, seldom, every…,sometimes, every day/morning/Sunday, on Sunday 等时间状语例如:ﻫa. He goes to school every day. 她每天去上学ﻫb. He is very happy. 她很开心ﻫc. The earth moves around the sun. 地球环绕太阳转。

特性)2) 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,用一般目前时表达将来例如:a. If you come this afternoon, we’ll have a meeting. 如果你今天下午过来,我们将开个会b. When I graduate, I’ll go to countryside. 毕业后我要去乡下ﻫ3) 有时这个时态表达按筹划、规定要发生的动作(句中都带有时间状语),但限于少数动词,如:begin, come, leave, go ,arrive, start , stop, return, open, close等例如:ﻫa. The meeting begins at seven. 会议七点开始b. The rain starts at nine in the morning. 上午九点开始下雨ﻫ4) 表达状态和感觉的动词(be, like, hate, think, remember, find, sound 等)常用一般目迈进行时a. I like English very much. 我非常喜欢英语b. The story sounds very interesting. 这个故事听起来很有趣。

ﻫ总的说:表达习惯、爱好、频率(常常、总是、偶尔)、规律、事实动词用一般目前时ﻫ3. 动词的一般目前时的肯定句、否认句、疑问句1)be动词的一般目前时 am, is, are否认句:在am, is, are加not   一般疑问句:把am, is, are提到句首I am a teacher.   I’m not a teacher. Are you a teacher?She is a beautiful girl.  She isn’t a beautiful.  Is she a beautiful girl?They are careful students. They aren’t careful students.  Are they careful students?2)实意动词的一般目前时肯定句:主语除了三单以外的人称用动词原形,主语是三单(he, she, it,人名、物名)时,动词的表达措施与名词的复数形式是同样的,即动词的三单否认句:三单在动词原形前加doesn’t, 其别人称加don’t疑问句:一般在句首加Do, 三单在句首加Does后动词还原。

I like English. I don’t like English.  Do you like English?My mother teaches English.   My mother doesn’t teach English Does your mother teach English?ﻫ二、 一般过去时的用法 1. 表达措施:用动词的过去式表达动词的过去式的表达措施:be动词的过去式:was, were实意动词的过去式:一般在动词后加-ed; 以e结尾的加-d, 以辅音字母加y结尾的,变y为i加ed, 以重读闭音节结尾的双写末尾的辅音字母加ed.特殊的动词的过去式如take-took等要记忆2. 哪些状况下用一般过去时1)在拟定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态例如:时间状语有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now, once等例如: ﻫWhere did you go just now? 刚刚你上哪儿去了? ﻫ2)表达在过去一段时间内,常常性或习惯性的动作例如: When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我是个孩子的时候,常在马路上踢足球。

 ﻫWhenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. ﻫ那时,布朗一家无论什么时候去,都受到热烈欢迎 ﻫ3)在时间状语从句中,由when引导从句的瞬间性动词用一般过去时,主句常用过去进行时I was watching TV when the rainstorm suddenly came.( 瞬间性动词)Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows. ( 瞬间性动词)4)注意:情态动词用过去时表达目前,表达委婉语调 例如: could, wouldﻫCould you lend me your bike? 你的自行车,能借用某些吗? ﻫ重点学习一下,used to / be used to used to + do:"过去常常"表达过去习惯性的动作或状态,但如今已不存在例如: Mother used not to be so forgetful. 老妈过去没那么健忘。

 Scarf used to take a walk. 斯卡夫过去常常散步 ﻫbe used to + doing:对……已感到习惯,或"习惯于",to是介词,后需加名词或动名词例如: ﻫHe is used to a vegetarian diet. Scarf is used to taking a walk. 斯卡夫目前已习惯于散步了 ﻫ典型例题 ﻫ---- Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it. ---- It's 69568442. ﻫA. didn't B. couldn't C. don't D. can't 答案A. 本句虽没有明确的时间状语,但从语意上看出,在听的时候没有听懂这个动作发生在过去,因此应用过去时3. 一般过去时的否认句和疑问句was, were的否认句直接在背面加not, 疑问句把was, were提前实意动词的否认句在动词原形的前面加didn’t, 疑问句在句首加Did后动词还原She was a teacher three years ago.She was not a teacher three years ago.Was she a teacher three years ago?I watched TV yesterday evening.I didn’t watch TV yesterday evening.Did you watch TV yesterday evening?ﻫ三、一般将来时的用法1.一般将来时表达将来的动作或状态。

其体现形式 “ will 或 shall + 动词原形 ”;表达即将发生的或近来打算进行的事,或某种迹象表白将要发生某事,其体现形式 “ be going to+ 动词原形 ” 常用的时间状语tomorrow (morning/afternoon/evening);next year/month/weeka. Look at the clouds in the sky! It is going to rain. 要下雨了迹象)b. We are going to have a meeting today. 我们今天要开个会打算)C. We will have a meeting next Sunday.(将来)2. 在When, as soon as, if 等引导的时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,时态是主将从现例如:ﻫa. If you come this afternoon, we’ll have a meeting. 如果你今天下午过来,我们将开个会b. When I graduate, I’ll go to countryside. 毕业后我要去乡下C. I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.四、目迈进行时1.表达措施:am/is/are(助动词) +v-ing(目前分词) 否认句: am/is/are +not+v-ing 疑问句:把am/is/are提到句首2. 目前分词的构成  一般在动词后加-ing 如:work -- working, sleep -- sleeping ,study --studying; 以e结尾的去e加ing take --taking ,make --making, dance --dancing; 重读闭音节的动词,要双写词尾字母,再加-ing cut ----- cutting put ----- putting begin ------ beginning 以-ie结尾的动词,把变成y再加-ing lie ----- lying tie ----- tying die ----- dying3.目迈进行时的用法1)目前或目前一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作,常用的时间状语now,其他词如:look, listen等。

She is watering the flowers.Are they working now?They are listening to the teacher.2) always用在目迈进行时中,表达表扬、批评、抱怨、责怪等口吻They are always comparing them with other children.He is always helping others when they are in trouble.3) 有些动词即趋向性动词用目迈进行时表达将来这些动词是:come, go, leave, plan, 等I am leaving tomorrow.I am going to Singapore next week.五、过去进行时1. 表达措施:was/were(助动词)+v-ing 否认句:was/were+not+v-ing 疑问句:把was/were提到句首1. 过去某一时刻或某一段正在进行的动作,常用的时间状语his time yesterday,at ten o'clock yesterday,at that time,when he came back等。

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