第21单元 让步句视译,英汉汉英视译教程,下篇 汉译英,第21单元 让步句视译,汉语的所谓让步句基本与英语句式相对应,多数情况下可以按照汉语逻辑方式进行相应英语句式的替换但是,部分汉语让步句的连接词语在英语里没有直接的对应词语,这是两种语言思维逻辑差异造成的,因而增加了视译难度因为在视译情况下,视觉呈线性运行轨迹,先后层次鲜明,思维方式反差越大,转换难度就越大,这是必然现象此种情况下,需要译员借助自己的深厚翻译功力,随机处理 在汉英让步结构基本对应的前提下,英语引导让步的连词主要有以下这些:though, although, as; even if, even though; whether.or.; no matter+疑问词,疑问词-ever相相信前面的词语已为多数人所熟悉,现仅,第21单元 让步句视译,就最后两类举例如下:“No matter how hard he tried, he simply couldn’t succeed.”(无论他多么努力,他还是不能成功),“No matter what you do, do it with your mind.”(无论你做什么,都要用心去做)。
这两句话也可用疑问词-ever 结构表达,结果便是:“However hard he tried, he simply couldn’t succeed.”以及“Whatever you do, do it with your mind.”母语为中文的译员应该刻意增加后两个词组的练习,原因是这两个词组不但与中文思维反差大,而且属于英语常见地道表达结构,运用熟练了,会有事倍功半的效果第21单元 让步句视译 (要点梳理),汉语的所谓让步句基本与英语句式相对应 部分汉语让步句的连接词语在英语里没有直接的对应词语 英语引导让步的连词主要有以下这些:though, although, as; even if, even though; whether.or.; no matter+疑问词,疑问词-ever 母语为中文的译员应该刻意增加后两个词组的练习,第21单元 让步句视译 (例句),1.即使在十分气愤的情况下她也能保持冷静 【笔译】 【视译】,She can keep cool even under heavy pressure of anger.,Even under heavy pressure of anger, she can keep cool.,第21单元 让步句视译 (例句),〈译评〉,让步从句的英文译文逻辑结构尽量接近中文原文逻辑结构,这样做的目的只是最大限度地降低语言翻译难度和译员的劳动强度。
第21单元 让步句视译 (例句),2.你再劝他也只是白费力气 【笔译】 【视译】,Even if you want to make another attempt to change him, your efforts will be in vain.,Another attempt to let him change will only be ploughing the air.,第21单元 让步句视译 (例句),〈译评〉,中文原文属于典型的让步句,逻辑结构比较复杂笔译译文采取的是与中文基本对应的逻辑结构,也稍显复杂而视译译文则把原文逻辑简化了,通俗易懂,且非常符合英语表达习惯第21单元 让步句视译 (例句),3.退一步说,即使错误的反对意见,对自己的科学研究也是有好处的 【笔译】 【视译】,To put it in the least way, even if the opposing arguments are mistaken,they will be immensely beneficial to one’s own scientific research.,To put it in the least way, the opposing arguments that are mistaken will also be immensely beneficial to your own scientific research.,第21单元 让步句视译 (例句),〈译评〉,笔译译文属于常见翻译句式,这种译法多见于内容比较简短的句子。
在简短的句子里无论是中文还是英文的让步关系都很明显、易懂但是如果让步句内容繁杂,译员翻译时既要记忆内容,又要顾及熟悉度较低的句式结构,出现顾此失彼的概率就高了,翻译效率也会受到影响视译译文是用更熟悉的句式替代熟悉度不高的句式,这是口译,也是口语的表达需要和习惯第21单元 让步句视译 (例句),4.尽管中国在禁烟和控烟方面做了大量的工作,但中国控烟形势依然严峻 【笔译】 【视译】,Considerable work as China has done in its campaign to control smoking and use of tobacco, the situation of smoking control still remains grim.,In spite of the considerable work as China has done in its campaign to control smoking and use of tobacco, the situation of smoking control still remains grim.,第21单元 让步句视译 (例句),〈译评〉,笔译译文是典型的书面英语。
尽管中文原文可能属于很书面化的语言风格,视译时如果翻译成同样书面化英语,英语译文听起来会显得晦涩、难懂,原因是中文是通过阅读而得其意,而此时的译文英语是听其音而得其意,分别属于两个不同的语言功能形式把标准书面化语言翻译成接近口语化的译文是视译译员面临的典型的技术挑战第21单元 让步句视译 (例句),5.纵然任务艰巨,我们也要及时完成 【笔译】 【视译】,Even though the task is difficult, we will manage to accomplish it in time.,We will manage to accomplish the task in time even though it is difficult.,第21单元 让步句视译 (例句),〈译评〉,汉语的让步从句多置于句子前半部,而英语的让步从句多见于句子的后半部,原因是英语的句子主体内容或强调内容大都见于整个逻辑的前半部第21单元 让步句视译 (例段),1.据研究人员统计,接下来的几十年,欧洲人口将持续减少目前欧盟国家的妇女平均生1.5 个孩子,而为了保持人口替代率,每个妇女至少要生2 个孩子。
即便从现在开始每个妇女增加生育数量,人口减少的趋势仍将持续几十年,因为他们的下一代中愿意成为父母的人比这一代的要少1.据研究人员统计,接下来的几十年,欧洲人口将持续减少 目前欧盟国家的妇女平均生1.5 个孩子, 而为了保持人口替代率,每个妇女至少要生2 个孩子Statistics show, Europe’s population will continue to decline for decades. Currently, 1.5 babies are born for every EU woman, when two births are required to maintain the population “replacement rate”.,第21单元 让步句视译 (例段),第21单元 让步句视译 (例段),即便从现在开始每个妇女增加生育数量, 人口减少的趋势仍将持续几十年, 因为他们的下一代中愿意成为父母的人比这一代的要少Even if women started to have more children again, the tendency to population decline would continue for decades, as there will be fewer parents through choice of their own in the next generation than in this one.,第21单元 让步句视译 (例段),【笔译】,According to researchers’ estimate, Europe’s population will continue to decline for decades. At present, 1.5 babies are born for every European Union woman, but two births are required for the population “replacement rate” to be maintained. Even if women started to have more children from now on, the tendency to population decline would continue for decades, because there will be fewer people willing to be parents in the next generation than in this one.,第21单元 让步句视译 (例段),【视译】,Statistics show, Europe’s population will continue to decline for decades. Currently, 1.5 babies are born for every EU woman, when two births are required to maintain the population “replacement rate”. Even if women started to have more children again, the tendency to population decline would continue for decades, as there will be fewer parents through choice of their own in the next generation than in this one.,第21单元 让步句视译 (例段),〈译评〉,首先,无论是从内容还是从语言角度看,笔译译文已经十分到位,但是视译译文更口语化,其中关联副词when 替代转折词but 当属精彩之译,更贴近英语思维习惯。
另外,again, as, through choice of their own 等词语运用得也相当巧妙第21单元 让步句视译 (例段),2. 20 世纪70 年代末中国实行改革开放以来,经济快速发展,综合国力显著提升,但依然是一个人均水平不高、贫困人口众多的发展中国家尽管如此,中国仍量力而行,尽力开展对外援助,帮助受援国增强自主发展能力,丰富和改善人民生活,促进经济发展和社会进步2. 20 世纪70 年代末中国实行改革开放以来,经济快速发展, 综合国力显著提升, 但依然是一个人均水平不高、贫困人口众多的发展中国家Since China adopted the reform and opening-up policies in the late 1970s, its economy has been developing with great rapidity. Its overall national strength has grown notably. However, China remains a developi。