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雅思阅读常见词根词缀

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雅思阅读常用词根词缀总结前缀(Prefix)一. 反义词前缀1) un-: uncover, unlock, unhappy, uncomfortable, unrealized, unquestioning, unpredictable, uneven:揭开,开锁,不开心,不舒服,未意识到的,不问是非的,无法预测的,不平坦的2) in-: inadequate, inaccessible, invaluable, inequality不充足的,无法达到的,价值连城的,不平等的3) im-:immodest, impossible, impolite, impractical不谦虚的,不也许的,不礼貌的,不实际的4) il,ir-: illegal, irregular, irreversible不合法的,不规则的,不可逆转的5) de-: decrease, decode, deforestation, deinked, degrade减少,解码,砍树,褪色,降级6) dis-:disagree, disease, discharge, disintegrated, disharmony不批准,疾病,释放,分离的,不和谐7) non-: non-existent, non-government不存在的,无政府8) anti-: anti-Japanese, Antarctic, anticlockwise抗日,南极,逆时针地9) contra-, contro-,counter-: contradictory, counteract, countermeasure, contrast有矛盾的,抵消,应对措施,对比二. 数字前缀1) uni-(one): unit, unique, uniform单位,独特的,制服2) mono-(one): monologue, monopoly, monoculture独白,垄断,单一文化3) multi-(many, much):multicultural, multicolor, multimedia, multipurpose, multi-skilled, multinational多文化的,多种色彩,多媒体,多意图,多技能的,跨国的4) poly-(many, several): polysemy, polycentric一词多义,多中心的5) bi-(two): bilingual ,bicycle双语的,自行车6) tri-(three): triangle三角形7) kilo(thousand):  kilometer, kilogram, kilowatt千米,公斤,千瓦8) milli-(thousandth):  milligram, millimeter毫克,毫米9) centi-(hundred, hundredth): centimeter, centigrade厘米,摄氏温度三. 其她具有特定含义的前缀1) re-(again, back再次;回来;反): recall, recreation, reemergence, replace, reproduce,return, resist回忆,再造,重现,替代,繁殖,回来,抵御2) mis-(wrong, bad, badly错误地): misunderstand, misuse, mislead, misinterpret, misconception误解,误用,误导,误译,误解3) co-,com-,con-(together一起): co-exist, cooperate共存,合伙,配合,4) inter-(between之间;互相): international, interact, interview, interlock, interdependent, interrelationship国际的,互动,面试,联锁,互相依赖的,互相关系5) pre-(before在… 之前): preview, prehistoric, predict预习,史前的,预测,6) post-(after在…之后): postgraduate, postwar, postpone研究生,战后,推迟7) over-(excessive, above超过): overhear, overheat, oversupply无意中听到,过热,供过于求8) auto-(self自己): autobiography, automatic自传,自动的 9) super-(over, above超过): superior, supernatural, supervision, supersonic有优势的,超自然的,监督,超音速的10) sub-(under在下面): submarine, subway潜水艇,地铁11) tele-(far off ,distant远距离地):television, telecommunication电视,远程通信(电信)12) trans-(across到另一边): transform, transport, transfer变形,交通,转移13) micro-(small微小的): microwave, microscope, microcosm微波,显微镜,微观14) min-(little, small小的): minibus, minimize, minimum小型巴士,使最小化,最小量15) semi-, hemi-(half, partial一半): semiconductor, semifinal, hemisphere半导体,半决赛,半球后缀(suffix)一. 名词后缀1. 表达“某种人或物”1)-er.-or,-ar: owner, leader, actor, conductor, beggar, scholar, pain-killer, refrigerator, air-conditioner, generator, manufacturer, reactor主人,领导,演员,导体,乞丐,学者,止痛药,冰箱,空调,发电机,制造商,反映堆2)-ee: employee, nominee雇员,被提名者3)-ess: hostess, actress女主人,女演员4)-ist,-ian: scientist, pianist, communist, musician, magician科学家,钢琴家,共产党员,音乐家,魔术师5)-ese, -an, -ean, -ish: Portuguese, American, European, British葡萄牙人(语),美国的,欧洲的,英国的6)-ant,-ate,-ent: assistant, immigrant, advocate, student助手,移民,支持者,学生7) –air,-eer,-ier: millionaire, engineer, volunteer, premier百万富翁,工程师,志愿者,首相2.表达抽象意义的名词1)-ion(-tion,-ation,-sion): protection, civilization, discussion, decision保护,文明,讨论,决定2)-ing: building, painting建筑,绘画3)-ance: acceptance, assistance接受,协助4)-ment: judgment, movement判断,移动5)-al: refusal, arrival回绝,达到6)-age: marriage, usage婚姻,用法ﻩ7)-ure: failure, pleasure失败,快乐8)-ty,-y: loyalty, cruelty, honesty忠诚,残忍,诚实9)-ity:activity, reality, humidity活动,现实,湿度10)-ence: confidence, difference, innocence自信,差别,天真11)-th: truth, width, health真想,宽度,健康12)-dom: freedom自由13)-ness: kindness和谐14)-ship: friendship友谊15)-hood: childhood童年16)-ism: communism共产主义17)-ic(s):logics, physics, mathematics逻辑学,物理学,数学3.表达“集合”1)-ary: dictionary, vocabulary字典,词汇2)-ry: machinery, scenery机械,景色4.表达“地点”1)-age: village村庄 2)-ery: bakery面包房3)-ory: dormitory, laboratory寝室,实验室4)-um: aquarium, museum, gymnasium水族馆,博物馆,体育馆二.形容词后缀1)-able,-ble: changeable, reasonable, horrible, incredible善变的,理性的,恐怖的,难以置信的2)-al, ial: critical, exceptional, racial industrial核心的,卓越的,种族的,工业的3)-an, ian: European, American, republican, suburban, Egyptian欧洲的,美国的,共和的,郊区的,埃及的4)-ant.-ent: ignorant, obedient不理睬的,顺从的5)-ary: elementary, imaginary初级的,虚构的6)-ate,-ete,-ute: accurate, considerable, complete, absolute精确的,考虑周到的,完整的,绝对的7)-ed: aged, gifted, warm-hearted老化了的,有天赋的,热心肠的8)-en: golden, woolen金子般的,羊毛的9)-ern: eastern, modern, southern东方的,现代的,南方的10)-ful: plentiful, thoughtful, willful, purposeful大量的,深思的,故意志的,故意的11)-less:fearless, aimless, paperless, useless无惧的,漫无目的的,无纸化的,无用的12)-ic: historic, academic, Islamic, economic有重大历史意义的,学术的,伊斯兰教的,经济的13)-ical: chemical, typical, physical化学的,典型的,物质的14)-ous,-ious: industrious, spacious, ambitious, mysterious兢兢业业的,宽阔的,有野心的,神秘的15)-ing,-ed: charming, amazing, excited, pleased, changing, untreated有魅力的,令人惊讶的,兴奋的,快乐的,变化中的,未受治疗的16)-ior: superior, inferior, junior, senior, interior有优势的,劣势的,初级的,高档的,里面的17)-most: uppermost, innermost最上面的,最里面的18)-y: clou。

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