论《警察与赞美诗》中反讽的运用The use of irony in The Cop and the AnthemContents摘要…………………………………………………………...ⅠAbstract………………………………………………………ⅡIntroduction…………………………………………………...11. Brief introduction of the author and the novel…………...21.1 brief introduction of the author…………………………………...21.2 the author’s writing style………………………………………….22. The statement of irony……………………………………...43. The use of irony in The Cop and the Anthem……………...73.1 Soapy’s way of wintering and his thoughts………………………7 3.2 Soapy’s six backfired actions…………………………………….93.3 cops’ duty and people’s view of cops…………………………... 113.4 Soapy’s view of cops’ irresponsibility…………………………...133.5 Soapy has been influenced by anthem and decide to turn over a new leaf, but is arrested………………………………………......14Conclusion …………………………………………………...17Notes…………………………………………………………..18Bibliography …………………………………………………19Acknowledgements 摘要 情景反讽作为一种主要的描写手法在欧·亨利《警察与赞美诗》中的运用成功地推动了小说情节的发展，增加了小说的戏剧性悬念，使小说的人物形象更加丰满。
本文将剖析小说中的情景反讽的实例，以指出小说中情景反讽的反复运用表达了欧·亨利对当时美国资本主义社会中不合理的现象的抨击，还表达了作者对下层劳动人民的同情作者将情景反讽贯穿于故事的开头、发展和结尾，揭露了资本主义社会的矛盾虚伪和黑白颠倒的本质关键词：情景反讽；警察与赞美诗；美国资本主义社会AbstractThe adroit manipulation of situational irony by O. Henry in his masterpiece The Cop and the Anthem contributes first effectively to the unfolding of the plot. Next it increases its suspense of the plots. Last, it enables the characters vivid. In this paper I will analyze examples of situational irony in that story. The repetition of the use of situational irony expresses O. Henry’s attack on irrational phenomena in the American capitalist society at that time and also his sympathy for the lower class. The author applied the situational ironies in the beginning, development and the end in order to reveal the contradictory, hypocritical and topsy-turvy essence of the capitalist society. Key words: situational irony， The Cop and the Anthem， American capitalist society IntroductionO. Henry is considered as “Father of American modern short stories” and “Manhattan critics crown prose writer”. His work is full of humor, his stories are amusing, flippant, flat, biting and are filled with irony, sentiment, and pathos. One of his famous works, The Cop and the Anthem is the most typical one. This paper will reveal its rhetoric beauty and the darkness of the society in O. Henry’s time in the way of analyzing the use of irony in The Cop and the Anthem.The paper falls into three parts. The first part gives brief introduction of the author and his writing style. The second part is the statement of irony, such as its definition and classification. The third part, which is the core of the paper, illustrates the use of situational irony in The Cop and the Anthem from five perspectives as follow: 1. Soapy’s way of wintering and his thoughts; 2. Soapy’s six backfired action; 3.cops’ duty and people’s views of cops; 4. Soapy’s view of cops’ irresponsibility which disappoints Soapy; 5. Soapy has been influenced by anthem and decide to turn over a new leaf, but is arrested. This thesis mainly helps to learn about the use of irony in O. Henry’s time.1Brief introduction of the author and his writing style1.1 brief introduction of the authorO. Henry whose real name is William Sydney Porter，is most commonly associated with the short story and masterful ironic “O. Henry twist” (surprising ending). He has been hailed as “Father of American modern short stories” and “Manhattan critics crown prose writer”. During his lifetime he worked in various jobs， including a bookkeeper, a drugstore clerk, a Texas Ranger, an accountant, a draftsman, a bank teller and a newspaper columnist，so he knew the common people’s life style well.1.2 the author’s writing styleIrony is one of writing styles of traditional American literature. Washington Irving is the first one to employ this writing style with slight irony to make his stories funny but meaningful. Mark Twain is a good successor who unveiled the truth in life by describing exaggerated images humorously and colloquially. Yet Irving Shaw’s humor focused on the depiction of characters’ personality. In the influence of those writers, O. Henry followed their style. His work is full of humor, his stories are amusing, flippant, flat, biting and are filled with irony, sentiment, and pathos but is quite different from theirs, filled with depressed, miserable and bitter laughter. His major ironic works are The Chair of Philanthromathematics, The Cop and The Anthem, The Four Million, Confessions Of A Humorist and so on, among which The Cop and The Anthem is the most exemplary. Irony runs throughout the whole story.2The statement of ironyIrony is a figure of speech in which the intended meaning of the words used is the direct opposite of their usual sense. It is a broad term referring to the recognition of a reality different from the masking appearance. For example, “For years the hospitable Blackwell’s had been his w。