Lesson 113-114 Small change Review！ Grammar •形形容容词词与与副副词词都都有有三三个个等等级级，，原原级级，，比比较较级级，，最最高高级级•原级比较：原级比较：as… as Bill和和Tom一样胖一样胖 Bill is as fat as Tom . 他和你跑得他和你跑得一样快 He runs as fast as you. •在在as …as 中间使用的形容词和副词一定要用中间使用的形容词和副词一定要用原级原级.否定用否定用not as… as … 不如不如… 翻译翻译 1，Tom 和 Jack 一样高• Tom is as tall as Jack.•2，Tom 没有Jack 高• Tom is not as tall as Jack.•3， Tom 和 Jack 一样有钱• Tom is as rich as Jack.•4， Tom 不比Jack 有钱• Tom is not as rich as Jack. New words and expressions1 conductor [kən'dʌktə] n.售票员 2 fare [feə] n.车费，车票 3 change [tʃeindʒ] v.兑换(钱) 4 note [nəut] n.纸币 5 passenger ['pæsindʒə] n.乘客 6 none [nʌn] pron.没有任何东西 7 neither ['naiðə, 'ni:ðə] ad.也不 8 get off 下车 9 tramp [træmp] n.流浪汉 10 except [ik'sept] prep.除…外 •1.conductor n.售货员（可）售货员（可）• conduct v. 引领，带领，控制引领，带领，控制• conductive adj. 传导的传导的n./v.+er/or=n.worker farmer teacher cooker driver visitor collector runner •n. 领导者；指导者；乐队指挥的 conductress 女售票员女售票员 •2.fare n. 车费，车票车费，车票•a bill of fare 菜单，节目单菜单，节目单 • farewell• n./adj. 告别告别,再会再会 a taxi fare 出租车费 a single fare 单程票价 •3.change n. (1)兑换（钱），改变兑换（钱），改变 v.改变，交换改变，交换• change...into/in...small changechange atchange one's mindchange oneselfchange upchange downchange back把把...变成变成...零钱，闲话零钱，闲话在在...换车换车改变主意改变主意换衣服换衣服加速加速减速减速变回变回 (2)费费 用用 ，，钱钱 changepricefeefare兑换的钱，找回的零钱兑换的钱，找回的零钱商品的价格商品的价格上学，医用的费用上学，医用的费用旅行时的车，船等费用旅行时的车，船等费用 询问价钱询问价钱 What's the price of...? How much is/are...? How much do/does...cost? 4.note v. 记录，注意记录，注意n. 纸币纸币 笔记，便条，通知笔记，便条，通知 =paper money coin 硬币硬币take notes 做笔记做笔记5.passenger n. 乘客，旅客乘客，旅客 ，，闲散人员闲散人员 passenger plane 客机客机 passenger traffic 客运客运6.none pron. 没没有有任任何何东东西西none too wellnone so wisenone of your business一点儿也不好一点儿也不好不怎么聪明不怎么聪明不关你的事不关你的事 7.neither adv. 也不也不 1)You didn't see him,and neither did I.2)If you don't go,neither do I.3)The first one was not good,neither was the second one.=not … eitherI did not see him either.I do not go either.The second one was not good either.neither ofeither ofboth ofall ofnone of两者都不两者都不两者之一两者之一谓语单数谓语单数两者都两者都全都（三者或以上）全都（三者或以上）谓语复数谓语复数全都不（三者或以上）全都不（三者或以上）谓语单复数均可谓语单复数均可 •我们俩都不喜欢英语我们俩都不喜欢英语.•Neither of us likes English.•Either of us likes English.•Both of us like English.•All of us like English.•None of us like/likes English. •neither …nor…在连接两个主语时，谓语动词和邻近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
“就近原则” •Neither you nor he right.（这句有两个主语，一个是you 一个是he ,由于he 最近谓语的位置，所以谓语用is ) Neither he nor you right. areis none作主语指代三者或三者以上的可数名词复数时，谓语用单数也可用复数，常无多大区别；但当其意重于“每个都不”含义时，谓语用单数，当其意重于“所有都不”时，谓语用复数；但用复数较为普遍none指代不可数名词时，谓语用单数1. None of the reasons was true . 2. None of them have been back yet. 观察 结果 8. get off 下车下车 get on 上车上车get upget overget out get back起床起床克服克服出去出去恢复恢复get betterget lostget readyget together变好变好迷路迷路准备好准备好聚集，团结聚集，团结get a bookget a cardget a coldget a note买一本书买一本书收到贺卡收到贺卡感冒感冒留言留言 9）tramp n. 流浪汉 v. 践踏 这个流浪汉想要我们给他一些食物。
This tramp wanted us to give him some food.10)except 除了除了......之外之外 （不包含）（不包含） besides 除了除了.......之外之外 （包含）（包含） eg：：Except Jim we all went to the zoo. Besides Jim we also went to the zoo. beside=next to=near 在附近，在旁边在附近，在旁边Jim 没有去没有去Jim 也去了也去了 • 再试比较：• ①We all went except him. • 除他之外，我们都去了他没有去)• ②We all went besides him.• 除他之外，我们大家也都去了他也去了) •1. we go to school every day except Sunday. •2.Ten students go to the park except Tom. •3. Ten students go to the park besides Tom.•4. His composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.（10人）(10+1人) •besides prep. 除…外（从整体里加上一部分）•except for 除了 （表示所除去的部分和所提及的不属同类，有主次从属之分，除去的部分是包含在整体里的）有时与except 互换。
结果 besides 和和except 更多区别更多区别•(1) besides常与other／more／else等词连用 except常与all／every／everyone／none／nobody／everything／nothing等总括词连用• eg. He had other people to take care of besides me.• All the students in Class One went to the cinema except Li Ping.•(2) 若句中没有实义动词do的某种形式，except后接动词不定式，而besides后接动词的-ing形式• eg. I had no choice except to obey／besides obeying his order.•(3) 若句中有实义动词do的某种形式 二者后面都可以接动词原形• eg. She has nothing to do except／besides go with him. Notes on the text TEXT•I’m sorry, sir. I can’t change a ten-pound note. a ten-pound note : 十英镑的十英镑的纸币 复合形容词复合形容词 两个或多个词用连字符连接构成两个或多个词用连字符连接构成 只能用原形只能用原形 只用于修饰名词（定语）只用于修饰名词（定语） eg：：He is a three-year-old boy. I heve a second-hand bike. •Haven’t you got any small change?•否定疑问句，表示人惊奇不满或愤怒等情绪。
•难道你自己不会做吗？•Can’t you do it yourself? •难道你不想和我们一起去吗？•Don’t you want to go with us? •Have got = have否定疑问句否定疑问句 否定词开头否定词开头 "难道不难道不......" •I’ve got no small change. I’m afraid. •no+ n. = not…any + n. (所有的东西全然没有)•I’ve got no small change. •= I haven’t got any small change. •第一句更要强调“没有任何一点零钱” •I’ll ask some of the passengers.•will 表示临时决定•be going to 表示打算•我去听•I’ll answer the phone. •我去开门•I’ll open the door. •- Have you any small change, sir?•- I’m sorry, I’ve got none.•none 表示没有任何人或物，代词，此处指代不可数名词change•none也可指代可数名词•没有学生能回答问题•None of the students can answer the question.I haven’t got any either. = I have got none either.either 用在否定句中 表示表示“也也”eithertooalsoas well否定句否定句 句末句末肯定句肯定句 句末句末肯定句肯定句 句中句中 （（be/助助/情后或实义动词前）情后或实义动词前）=too•Can you change this ten-pound note, madam?•I’m afraid I can’t.•Neither can I. afraid adj. 害怕的害怕的 be afraid +to do sth. 害怕做某事害怕做某事 be afraid +(that)句子（宾语从句）句子（宾语从句） 害怕做某事害怕做某事 •I’m very sorry, sir. You must get off the bus. None of our passengers can change this note. They’re all millionaires!•get off the bus 下车•get on the bus 上车•get into the car 上小汽车•get out of the car 下小汽车•all 所有人（三个或三个以上的人或物）•他们都喜欢巴黎•They all like Paris.•both都（用在两个人或物中）•他们两个都喜欢巴黎。
•They both like Paris. •Except us.•except… 除了 （同类）•除了我每个人都去了图书馆•Everybody went to the library, except me. •except for…要不是 （不同类） •要不是一些拼写错误，你的文章还是很好的•Your essay is good except for some spelling mistakes. •I’ve got some small change.•So have I.•若后一句要表示“也…”, 要用so引导，时态要保持一致•他们已经离开去马德里了史密斯先生也是•They have left for Madrid. So has Mr. Smith. Grammar in use —倒装句 倒装句的定义：倒装句的定义：英语的基本语序是：英语的基本语序是：“主语主语+谓语谓语+…”如果如果将谓语的全部或一部分放在主语之前将谓语的全部或一部分放在主语之前，这种语，这种语序叫做序叫做倒装语序倒装语序Inversion (倒装）倒装）倒装句类型：倒装句类型：全部倒装：全部倒装：谓语谓语+主语主语…… 1. Here comes the bus. 2. From the classroom came a strange sound.部分倒装部分倒装:助动词助动词/情态动词情态动词+主语主语+谓语其它部分谓语其它部分.. 3. Do you often watch TV at night ? 4. Never shall I forget you. I've got some small change.So have I.Neither can I.So / Neither 倒装句倒装句 •I’m afraid I can’t.•Neither can I.•so与neither 引导的 简 短回答•以so或neither开头的简短回答，必须用倒装句式。
•如果前句是肯定肯定的，后面用“so+助动词+主语”的结构•如果前句是否否定定的，后一句用“neither+助动词+主语”的结构•注意前后两句的时态要保持一致 •以以so或或neither引导的简短回答引导的简短回答•肯定句肯定句So+助动词助动词/be动词动词/情态动词情态动词+主语主语Tom is tall. So is Sophie.I go to school everyday. So does Tony.Jane has gone to BJ. So have her parents.Sam and Peter can swim. So can I. •否定句否定句Neither+助动词助动词/be/情态动词情态动词+主语主语I wasn’t at the butcher’s. Neither was I.I don’t like winter. Neither does Tom.They haven’t had lunch yet. Neither have we.My grandpa can’t read. Neither can mine. •I’m tired. So am I. 我累了。
我也是•She wants some tea. So does he. •她想要喝茶•他完成了作业•He has finished his homework. So has she.•他们昨天见到Peter了•They saw peter yesterday. So did I.•我们会开车我们也会•We can drive. So can we.•他们不喜欢数学我们也不喜欢•They don’t like maths. Neither do we.•他们还没有搬出去我们也没有•They haven’t moved out. Neither have I.•我不去巴黎了我也不去了•I won’t go to Paris. Neither will I. Neither was I. I was not at the butcher’s, either.Neither do I. I don’t like ice cream, either.So can I. I can swim , too.So did I. I met him, too. Cross Talk Program So am I.Neither am I.So have I.Neither have I.So was I.So did I.Neither did I.So can I.Neither can I.Neither do I. 倒装语序分为倒装语序分为“全部倒装全部倒装”和和“部分倒装部分倒装”。
在全部倒装在全部倒装的句子中，整个谓语都放在主的句子中，整个谓语都放在主语的前面；在部分倒装的句子语的前面；在部分倒装的句子中，只是谓语中的一部分（如中，只是谓语中的一部分（如助动词、情态动词或系动词助动词、情态动词或系动词bebe等）放在主语前面，其余部分等）放在主语前面，其余部分仍放在主语后面下面将常见仍放在主语后面下面将常见的倒装情况分述如下：的倒装情况分述如下： There comes the bus! There goes the bell! There comes the bus! There goes the bell! Here comes Mary! Now comes your turn. Here comes Mary! Now comes your turn. 由由there, here 或或now 等引起，谓语为等引起，谓语为come （或（或go）的句子）的句子 There he comes!There he comes! Here she comes! Here she comes! 如果主语为人称代词，仍用自然语序如果主语为人称代词，仍用自然语序如果主语为人称代词，仍用自然语序如果主语为人称代词，仍用自然语序观察结果观察结果 Here is China’s largest tropical forest. Here are some picture-books. 由由here（或（或there）引导，谓语为）引导，谓语为be的的 句子句子 Here you are. / Here we are. Here it is. / There he is. 如果主语为人称代词，仍用自然语序如果主语为人称代词，仍用自然语序观察观察结果结果 - “We must start for the work-site now.” - “So must we.” Society has changed and so have the people in it. 由由so引起的，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另引起的，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另 一个人（或物）的句子一个人（或物）的句子 -- It was cold yesterday. – So it was! -- Tomorrow will be Monday. – So it will. 如果一个句子只是重复前面一句话的意思，如果一个句子只是重复前面一句话的意思，如果一个句子只是重复前面一句话的意思，如果一个句子只是重复前面一句话的意思， 尽管尽管尽管尽管soso用开头，语序也不要倒装用开头，语序也不要倒装用开头，语序也不要倒装用开头，语序也不要倒装观察观察结果结果 1. -- I won’t do such a thing. –Neither / Nor will I. 2. If you won’t go, neither shall I. 3. -- I haven’t done my homework. –Neither / Nor have I. 4.I didn’t read the notice on the bulletin board, nor did he. 由由neither或或nor引起的，表示前面所说的情况引起的，表示前面所说的情况 也适用于另一个人（或物）的句子也适用于另一个人（或物）的句子观察结果 •W: L113-114•WR: L113-114 NW X2•R:L113 X5•T:•T:L113 NW +笔记Homework 。