精品范文牛津英语5A.语法(一)可数名词和不可数名词_小学五年级英语教案牛津英语5a.语法(一)可数名词和不可数名词一、名词:名词是所有事物的名称,包括人、物及抽象概念名词分为普通名词和专有名词两大类名词在句子中作主语,宾语或表语等 1.普通名词 普通名词是某类人、事件、物体和抽象概念的名称根据所指代物体的特征,普通名词又可分为以下四类: a.个体名词: 表示人或物体中可以数清的单个体如:student(学生)、pen(钢笔)、bird(鸟)等b.集体名词: (即集合名词)表示由个体组成的集合体如:people(人民)、police(警察)、family(家庭)等c.物质名词: 表示构成物体物质的不可数名词,或表示无法分为个体的物质的名词如:water(水)、air(空气)、wood(木头)等d.抽象名词 : 表示动作、状态、品质、情感等非具体化的抽象概念如:work(工作)、peace(和平)、love(爱)等。
2. 专有名词 : 专有名词是某些人、事物、机构、组织等特有的名称主要包括:人名、地名、国名、党派名称等如:churchill(丘吉尔)、tokyo(东京)、china(中国)等 二、可数名词和不可数名词 1) 可数名词: 一般来说个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,称为可数名词可数名词有单数和复数两种形式 例如: a book, two books, a student, three students, a family, many families 名词单数变复数变化如下: 1.词尾直接加 s 如:cat——cats bag——bags day——days2.以 s, sh, ch, x 结尾的词加 es 如:class——classes match——matches box----- boxes dish ---- dishes3.以辅音加 y 结尾的词变 y 为 i, 加 es. 元音加 y 结尾的词直接加 s,如: party----parties city----cities story----storiesboy---- toys m key---- keys 等.4.以 f 或 fe 结尾的词, 变 f 或 fe 为 v, 加 es,如: wife ---- wives half---- halves 注意特殊情况直接加“s”,要逐个记 chiefs,handkerchiefs, roofs.5.以辅音加 o 结尾的词常加 es, 如: tomatoes, potatoes, heroes. 元音加 o 结尾直接加 s. 如:radios, zoos, pianos.特殊情况: photos6.名词单数变复数特殊变化也要逐个记得如: man-men, woman-women, tooth---teeth, goose---geese, foot---feet, child--children, mouse-mice 2) 不可数名词 不可数名词不能用数字计算包括物质名词( air, water等)及抽象名词(advice, hate)等。
所以它通常只有单数形式如:english, air, water, cotton, work… 不可数名词表示数量时,可以用量词来表达(量词有复数形式)其结构是数词+量词+of+名词如:a bottle of water,two cups of tea,three pieces of paper 注意事项: 1.不可数名词没有复数变化,不能用a,an,但可用the,或不用冠词,如:bread is the usual breakfast.2.虽然不可数名词没有复数变化,但量词超过一时要加复数如:three cups of coffee, five bottles of water3.有量词修饰时注意名词是否可数,不可数时用单数,可数时用复数,如:ten bags of rice---- ten baskets of eggs跟踪练习i.找出下列笑话中的可数名词,并写出其复数形式: in the market, a buyer asked a seller “how much is this cat, please?” “100 dollars.” “but you only asked for 20 dollars yesterday!” “yes, that’s true. but this cat ate a bird last night and the bird was worth 80 dollars!” ii.找出不可数名词,在横线上打勾,并将可数名词变成复数形式:homework ______half ______advice______money ______knowledge ______boot _____blood ______music ______chicken ________heat _____mouth ______bread _______information ______milk _____cow _______tear ________iii.选择填空:1.the deer has four ______. a. foot b. feet c. feets d. foots 2.her two brothers are both ______. a. policeman b. policemans c. policemen d. policemens 3.there are four _____ and two ______ in the group. a. japanese, germen b. japaneses, germen c. japanese, germans 4.two ______ would come to the village. a. woman-doctors b. women doctor c. women doctors d. woman doctors 5.can you see nine _____ in the picture? a. sheep b. dog c. pig d. horse 6.the _____ has two ______. a. boys, watches b. boy, watch c. boy, watches d. boys, watch 7.the boy often brushes his _____ before he goes to bed. a. tooth b. tooths c. teeth d. teeths 8.the japanese ____ will not leave china until she finishes her study. a. woman b. women c. man d. men 9.there are lots of _____ in the basket on the table. a. tomatos b. tomato c. tomatoes d. tomatoss 10. the cat caught two ______ last night. a. mouses b. mice c. mouse d. mices 参考答案:keys:b c c c a c c a c b 牛津英语5a.语法(一)可数名词和不可数名词 来自本文网。