物流管理风险防范外文翻译文献（含：英文原文及中文译文）英文原文China's third-party logistics problems, causes and strategic choice AbstractChina's logistics industry has just started. Third-party logistics and other aspects of the theory and practice are relatively weak. The paper points out the problems of the Third Party Logistics is the gap between domestic and in ternational third party logistics, logistics efficiency is not high, the lack of systematic management, and logistics platform to build lag behind the concept of logistics management, and so on. Analyzed the causes of such problems arising and proposed lean logistics, small and medium enterprise value chain alliances third party logistics, large third-party logistics companies such as virtualization strategy choice of three third-party logistics enterprise development strategies.Keywords: Third party logistics; lean logistics strategy; value chain alliances; virtualization strategyIntroductionFor a long time, domestic companies in China have poor control over procurement, transportation, warehousing, agency, packaging, processing, distribution, and other aspects. Losses and waste caused by "purchasing black holes" and "logistic traps" are difficult to calculate.Therefore, the study of third-party logistics has very important theoretical and practical significance for promoting the overall economic benefits of China・ This article attempts to analyze and discuss the problems and causes of China's three-party logistics, and proposes several possible strategic choices for third-party logistics.The Main Problems Existing in the Third-party Logistics Industry in China(1) There is a large gap between China*s three-party logistics companies and foreign third-party logistics companies・ The specific performances are as follows:1. The economies of scale and capital gap are obvious・ As the large-scale third-party logistics companies abroad start from the strategy of global operations, their scale and capital advantages are undoubted・ In particular, China's strategic three-party logistics industry at the time of its inception has a very small scale・ The strong capital of foreign giants has made domestic Enterprises pale in comparison.2. The level of logistics service and quality control provided by China's three-party logistics industry enterprises are far inferior to foreign counterparts・ When some domestic companies still understand logistics as "truck plus warehouse99, foreign logistics companies have already completed a series of standardized transformations. At the same time, foreign logistics organization capabilities are very strong. For example, a German third-party logistics company has logistics experts in all aspects of the company throughout Europe・ If there are customers whose goods need to reach different countries, then these experts from across Europe will design an optimal logistics solution online. This ability to provide solutions is the core capability of this third-party logistics company, unlike the number of ships and vehicles that domestic companies claim to have.3. After China's accession to the WTO, the threshold of the logistics industry will be reduced・ In the logistics service industry, China has committed all service industries to cancel most of the foreign equity restrictions after a reasonable transition period, without restricting foreign service suppliers from entering the current market, and not limiting the existing market access for all service industries, activity. At the same time, similar commitments have been made in the services of auxiliary distribution. These restrictions will be gradually eliminated in the next 3・4 years・ During this period, foreign service providers can establish 100% wholly・owned branches or operating agencies, and the domestic logistics service industry will face international competition.(b) Severe waste of resources and low efficiency of third-party logistics. From a microscopic point of view, due to the influence of the planned economic system, many companies, especially state-owned enterprises, have long been taking the path of "bigger and all・encompassing'' and “small and complete". They have their own warehouses, fleets, and even ocean-going vessels・ The team has caused a large amount of waste in the logistics process, which is manifested as the idleness of the warehouse, the scattered operation of the logistics industry, the low degree of organization, and weak horizontal integration. There are few third・paily logistics companies that can provide integration, modernization, specialization, punctuality, and efficient service. From a macro perspective, the third-party logistics failed to keep up with the pace of economic development to form a model of industrialized operation, but only with the integration and cooperation of transportation, post and telecommunications, commercial materials, foreign trade and other industries.(c) Lack of systematic management and low standardization of equip。