主谓一致主谓一致是指主语和谓语要保持人称和数的一致，英语中的主谓一致主要遵循三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则这三个原则常常发生矛盾，但当发生冲突时，意义一致原则为优先考虑的原则语法一致原则单数He is talking with his brother.复数The boys are playing football.就近一致原则由or/either...or.../neither...nor.../notonly...but (also)...等连接与最近的主语在单复数上保持一致①Either I or they are responsible for the result of the matter.②Neither I nor he is in favour of her marriage.由there，here引起的主语不止一个时和最邻近的主语保持一致There is a pen，a knife and several books on the desk.意义一致原则clothing，furniture，traffic，jewelry，baggage，equipment，luggage等不可数名词单数Clothing is badly needed in this flooded area.以 s结尾的表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称的词Politics is often a topic for discussion.表示时间、重量、距离、价格、金钱、体积等复数名词表达一个整体概念Forty miles was covered in a single night.由every ，any ，some ，no 和 one， thing， body等构成的不定代词Is everybody here today?动词 ing形式、动词不定式和名词性从句①Persuading him to join us seems really hard.②Whatever was left was taken away.意义一致原则由连词and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出现单数①War and peace is a constant theme in history.②The singer and dancer is to attend our evening party.no/each/every/many a＋单数名词＋and(＋no/each/every/many a)＋单数名词Many a teacher and (many a) student has seen the film.one/everyone/each/either/the number＋of/the variety of＋复数名词The number of students from the north is small.意义一致原则由and连接两个并列成分表不同概念复数Steam and ice are different forms of water.一些常用复数或只有复数形式的名词如arms，stairs，goods等。
The goods are sold out.以 s结尾的专有名词如山脉、运动会、群岛等The Olympic Games are held once every four years.a number of＋名词A number of students are from China.特别提醒由两部分构成的表示物体的名词，如trousers，pants，jeans，compasses(圆规)，glasses，shorts等作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式但如果这类名词前用了 a pair of或two/three...pairs of来修饰，谓语动词在数上要与pair保持一致例句①Your glasses are very nice.②This pair of glasses is mine.③Here are some new pairs of shoes.“名词＋with，along with，together with，as well as，rather than，as much as，but，except等＋名词”结构作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式要与第一个名词保持一致①Tom as well as two of his friends was invited to the party.② Dr.Smith, together with his wife, is to arrive on the evening flight.a quantity of后既可接复数名词，亦可接不可数名词。
如果a quantity of接不可数名词，则谓语动词用单数形式；如果接复数名词，则谓语动词通常要采用复数形式(※偶尔谓语动词用单数，属非规范用法，宜慎用)quantities of后接复数名词、不可数名词，后面的谓语动词都用复数形式① There is a small quantity of water left in the bottle.② A large quantity of books are on sale now.③Great quantities of fish were caught that day.若用and连接两个动名词、不定式短语或主语从句，表示两个不同的概念则谓语动词用复数形式若表示同一概念，则谓语动词用单数形式① Riding on the elephants and rowing the boats were the children's favorite games.①What he says and does do not agree.②What he says and does does not concern me.what和whatever引导主语从句时谓语动词的单复数根据从句所表达的意义上的数确定练习：用括号内所给词的适当形式填空1. A teacher of English and class teacher________(tell) us something about volunteer workers now.2. When and where this took place________(be) still unknown.3. Every means________(try)，but none proved successful.4. Weibo as well as WeChat________(serve) as a media platform for people to share their thoughts instantly without limits of place or time.5. --Hey! Here is a message on my cellphone, telling me that I have won the first prize of a weekend for two in Paris.--Delete it! It's a trick. Many a person________ (cheat) by such tricks.6. One survey shows that large quantities of water________(be)wasted every year in China，and that one third is available to be saved.7. Hank as well as the other children who have no parents________(take) good care of in the center.8. What the teacher of the science class does and says________(be) of great importance to the students at college.9. Children are not recommended to see such films as________(be) bad for their mental development.10. The young ________(eat) up almost everything；one and a half bananas ________(be) left on the table.11. The writer and teacher Smith ________(go) through millions of ups and downs since he moved to Sydney.12. There ________(be) a table，four chairs，three bikes in the courtyard，in the middle of which ________ two tall trees with great shade.13. The secretary and headmaster of the school ________(attend) the meeting.14. --Can you get me some of the novels?--By all means. All but one of them ________ (publish) in our company.15. --Jeremy rather than his friends ________(blame) for the accident.--Absolutely. He shouldn't have driven after being drunk.Keys:1. is telling 2. is 3. has been tried 4. serves 5. has been cheated 6. are 7. is taken 8. is 9. are 10. have eaten; has been 11. has gone 12. is; are 13. is to attend 14. were published 15. is to blame。