巧记 中考英语知识点that 和which的用法异同that与who（whom）的异同1． 相同点：这两个关系代词引导定语从句时，都可以指物，在句中都可以作主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略如： He told a story which/that moved us deeply. 他讲了一个使我们深受感动的故事作主语） The letter (that/which) I received yesterday was from a friend of mine. 我昨天收到的那封信是我的朋友寄来的作宾语） 2． 不同点： （1）下列情况用that而不用which： 1当先行词是不定词（all，little, much, none, everything, something, anything, nothing 等）或被不定代词（all, every, some, any, no, little, much, few等）修饰时如： All that can be done has been done. 凡是能的事情都已经做好了 Are there any questions that you can’t answer? 你有不会回答的问题吗？ 2当先行词前有修饰词only，just，last时。
如： This is the only successful example that we know. 这是我们所知道的唯一一个成功的例子 The last place that we visited in the country was a farm. 我们在农村参观的最后一个地方时一家农场 3当先行词指 “物”并被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时如： This is one of the most exciting match that I have ever seen. 这是我所看过的比赛中最激烈的一场 Mary was the first who/that arrived at the cinema. 玛丽是第一个到达电影院的先行词指人用who或that） 4当先行词指人又指物时如： He was talking about the people and the things that he remembered, 他谈起了他记得的人和事 The boy and dog that are in the picture are very lovely. 图画上的小孩和狗都很可爱。
5先行词作表语时如： China is not the country that she was. 中国已经不是过去的中国了 Our village is no longer the place that it used to be. 我们村不是从前的那个样子了 6 主句是以who，which开头的疑问句，为了避免重复用that如： Who is the man that is standing at the school gate? 站在学校门口的那个人是谁？ Which is the bus that was made in Shanghai? 哪辆车是上海制造的？ 7当先行词是数词时如： Yesterday he caught three fish and put them in the pool. Now you can see the three that are still alive. 昨天他逮了三条鱼，然后把它们放进了池子里，现在你能看见那三条还活着的鱼 （2）下列情况用which而不用that： 1介词提到关系代词之前时如： This is the house in which Tom once lived. 这是汤姆以前住过的房子。
This is the train by which we went to Beijing. 这就是我们去北京乘坐的那列火车 2 先行词本身为that时，为避免重复用which如： What’s that which flashed in the sky just now? 刚才在空中闪光的东西是什么啊? 3在非限制性定语从句中（主句和从句用逗号隔开）如： All the books here, which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by her. 这里所有的书都是由她写的，书中有漂亮的插图巧记that与who（whom）的异同1．相同点：that和who引导定语从句时都可指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略 Do you know the man that/who spoke at the meeting just now? 你认识刚才在会议上讲话的那个人吗？（指人，作主语） He is the man (that/who/whom) they talked about just now. 他就是刚才他们谈论的那个人。
指人，作宾语，可省略） 2． 不同点： （1）如果先行词（指人）作表语，关系代词只能用that，而不能用who，如： He isn’t the man that he used to be. =He isn’t what he used to be. 他已不是原来的那个样子了 （2）在非限制性定语从句中，先行词指人时不能用that而要用who（whom） Last week I met Jim, who seemed very worried. 上周我碰到了吉姆，他好像很焦虑 On the second floor, there lived a young man, who was an artist. 二楼住着一个青年画家 （3）关系代词前有介词时，只能用whom如： The man to whom you spoke just now is our English teacher. 你刚才同他说话的那个人是我们的英语老师 （4）当先行词和关系代词被介词短语分离时（即分离式定语从句）一般只有that I was the only people in my office who was invited.我是我们办公室里唯一被邀请的人。
Do you know the woman in blue with a baby on her backwho is working in the field? 你认识那个穿着蓝色衣服，背上背着一个孩子，正在田里劳动的妇女吗？ （5）一个句子若有两个定语从句且先行词指人时，关系代词一个用that，另一个宜用who，以免重复如： The boy that was praised at yesterday’s meeting is a student who studies very hard. 昨天在会上受到表扬的那个男孩，是一位学习努力的学生 （6）当先行词为代词he，they，those（指人）和不定代词（one，anyone， everyone）时，只能用who如： Anyone who failed in the English exam should be criticized. 英语考试不及格的同学应该受到批评 He who does not reach the Great Wall isn’t a true man. 不到长城非好汉 （7）指人的先行词位于there be 后时，一般用who，而不用that。
如： There is a student who wants to ask you some questions. 有位同学想问你几个问题。