Grammar and Usage1~2 amazing / amazed 3~4 encourageed/ discouraged 5~6 known as/known for 7~8 thanks to/thanks for 9~10 certain/sure1. He is the most _______ person I have ever met as he always makes you happy. 2. He is greatly _______ by the funny story. 3. Strong-minded person won’t be __________ even when they fail in doing something, 4. Children should be ___________ to speak a new language though they may make some mistakes. 5. Suzhou and Hangzhou are ________ the heaven on the earth. 6. This small town is __________ its hot spring, and many visitors come here even in cold winter. 7. _________ the work of the scientists, we now know a lot abut the outer space. 8. Many ___________ your kind help, but I can manage the case myself. 9. In order to be ______________ of the answer, I went up to ask myself. 10. It is ____________ that the world population won’tamzingamazeddisccoragedencouragedknown as known forThanks tothanks forsure/certaincertainWhat did you do yesterday?I enjoy shopping in the supermarket. Yesterday evening, I _______ （go ）shopping near my home. I ______(be) busy all day long. So it _____ (be)a good chance for me to relax myself.There ________ (be)many people in the supermarket. Since I _____(have) enough time, I ______(feel) at ease. I __________(walk) here and there to see whether there _____(be) something I need. I _______ (fill) my basket with all the goods I chose.wentwaswere hadfeltwalkedwasfilledwasWhat did you do yesterday?I _____(take) all my things with me. I __________ (decide) to go home by taxi.At the moment, a guide(保安 )_________(stop) me and _________(tell) me that I _____________(not pay). I felt very sorry that I __________(forget) it. I said I ________(think) I _________(do) it before I came out of the door.took decidedstoppedtolddid not payforgotthoughthad doneStructureHad done/had been done The past perfect tense is often used with the simple past tense. If one action happens before another in the past, the past perfect tense is used.The past perfect tense shows us 过去的过去>----|-------|-----|----present pastWhat is The past perfect tense Compare the simple past and The past perfect tense PresentPastCarter’s lucky pet bird led Carter to the siteCarter’s lucky pet bird was eaten by a snake.• Upon entering the tomb, Carter’s lucky pet bird , which had led him to the place, was eaten by a snake.More examples• By the end of last year, I _______for 15 years. • When I came back home, my favourite TV program __________.had taughthad already finished• He was not worried at all. He ____________ preparations.had already madeThe past perfect tense used in indirect speechPresentPastThey emptied the tomb of everything it containedCarter said that they had emptied the tomb“We emptied the tomb of everything it contained,” said Carter. Carter said that they had emptied the tomb of everything it containedHere the past action didn’t happen a long time ago.• I had done my homework this morning before I went to the museum.•过去完成时表示：•1 过去某一时刻或动作以前已 完成的动作或存在的状态•2过去一定时间内某动作或状 态的持续•过去时间：•A after at before by since until 等介词•B after, as soon as,before,since,when,until等 引导的时间状语•C already,yet,before,never等副词（作状语）•在含有as soon as,after,before,when,until 等 连词的复合句中，若主从句动作不同时发 生，先发生的就用过去完成时，若两个动 作紧接着发生或几乎同时发生，则皆用一 般过去时。
used with time expressions such as when, after, before, as soon as, until, by, for and alreadyPresentPastCarter opened King Tutankhamun’s tombLord Carnarvon diedThen a few months after Carter had opened the tomb, Lord Carnarvon fell ill with a fever and died.•1 I could recognize the man at once ,because I had seen him before.•2 By the end of last year,I had worked here for five years.•3 She did not go to bed until her son had finished his homework.•4 When he had played a few times,more and more people came to hear him sing.二、 1. 主语＋had＋hardly(scarcely)＋过去分词＋when(before) ＋主语＋一般过去时。
2.主语＋had＋no sooner＋过去分词＋than＋主语＋一般过 去时例如： ①They had no sooner got home than it began to rain. 他们一 到家，天就下起雨来 ②______ got into the room，______ the telephone rang. 他 一到家，就响了A. He hardly had；then B. Hardly had he；when C. He had not；that D. Not had he；when 解析： 正确答案为B当否定词hardly，scarcely，no sooner放在句首时，主谓要倒装 三、 根据上下文的时间关系来确定用过去完成时例如：1. The pen I ______ I ______ is on my desk， right under my nose. 那支我以为已经丢了的钢笔 在我的桌子上，就在我的鼻子底下 A. think； lost B. thought； had lost C. think； had lost D. thought； have lost 解析： 正确答案为B。
丢笔”是在“认为”之前发生的动作四、 表示过去未曾实现的愿望、打算或意图，用过 去完成时常用动词有：hope，think，expect，intend ，mean，suppose，want等 例如： They had wanted to help but couldn't get here in time. 他们本来是要来帮忙的，但未能及时赶到 •I had thought that we were going to be invited to dinner.我本以为我们会被邀请去吃饭的五、 It was＋时间＋since＋主语＋过去完成时It was the first time+主语＋过去完成时例如： They asked me to have a drink with them. I said that it was at least ten years since I ______ a good drink. 他们邀 请我和他们喝酒，我说，我已经至少十年没有好好喝过 了A. had enjoyed B. was enjoying C. enjoyed D. had been enjoying 正确答案为A。