2010启航考研英语阅读理解12定律考研阅读理解12大原则 “考研成败在于英语，英语成败在于阅读，阅读成败在于方法”，得阅读者得天下考研阅读共四篇文章，大约1600字，是国内最难的考试这些文章时效性强，选自的杂志有The Economist, Newsweek, Scientific Americans, Time等，比如，07年阅读第一篇谈记忆的机制，(选自《纽约时报》06年5月)；第二篇谈智力评估的科学性(选自《科学美国人》95年)；第三篇谈中产阶级经济风险(选自《哈佛杂志》06年1~2月刊)；第四篇谈信息安全(选自《经济学家》05年6月)这4篇文章都经过命题专家删改变为测试所用文章对于考研英语阅读理解部分，我们应当掌握的最基本的应试总则就是命题专家的出题原则，考生应利用信号关键词进行定位，然后到选项中找到最佳重叠原文意思的选项考生在判断选项是否能重叠原文时，常常会感到迷惑，无法判断选项是否与原文内容完全重叠，这是因为在设计考题时常用一些语言点来迷惑考生一般说来，命题专家最常用的有四种方式：“语言简化”、“同义转化”、“反话正说”和“正话反说”。
语言简化”是命题专家命题时所使用的原则在设置选项时，四个选项的长度及句法不应有太大差异，而选项所使用的语言难度必须低于文章本身的难度同义转化”是出现最频繁的命题方式，几乎每年都有一些用这种方式设置的题目Passage 1This, in brief, is what the Futurist says: for a century, past conditions of life have been continuously speeding up, till now we live in a world of noise and violence and speed. Consequently, our feelings, thoughts and emotions have undergone a corresponding change. This speeding up of life, says the Futurist, requires a new form of expression. We must speed up our literature too, if we want to interpret modern stress. 1. Futurists claim that we must . ［A］increase the production of literature ［B］use poetry to relieve modern stress ［C］develop new modes of expression ［D］avoid using adjectives and verbsPassage 2When I decided to quit my full time employment it never occurred to me that I might become a part of a new international trend. A lateral move that hurt my pride and blocked my professional progress prompted me to abandon my relatively high profile career although, in the manner of a disgraced government minister, I covered my exit by claiming "I wanted to spend more time with my family". （01年67题）2. Which of the following is true according to this paragraph ? [A] Full-time employment is a new international trend. [B] The writer was compelled by circumstances to leave her job.[C] "A lateral move" means stepping out of full-time employment.[D] The writer was only too eager to spend more time with her family. Passage 3During the middle of the 19th century, Germany, along with other European nations, experienced an unprecedented（史无前例的） rash of workplace deaths and accidents as a result of growing industrialization. Motivated in part by Christian compassion(怜悯)for the helpless as well as a practical political impulse to undercut the support of the socialist labor movement, Chancellor Bismarck created the world's first workers' compensation law in 1884.3. The world's first workers' compensation law was introduced by Bismarck .[A] for fear of losing the support of the socialist labor movement[B] out of religious and political considerations[C] to speed up the pace of industrialization[D] to make industrial production safer4. We learn from the passage that the process of industrialization in Europe _____.[A] met growing resistance from laborers working at machines[B] resulted in the development of popular social insurance programs[C] was accompanied by an increased number of workshop accidents[D] required workers to be aware of the potential dangers at the workplacePassage 5The Supreme Court's decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering.Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of “double effect," a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects — a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen — is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.（同位语）Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify using high doses of morphine to control terminally ill patients' pain, even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patient. （02年56, 57题）5. From the first three paragraphs, we learn that .[A] doctors used to increase drug dosages to control their patients' pain. [B] it is still illegal for doctors to help the dying end their lives.[C] the Supreme Court strongly opposes physician-assisted suicide.[D] patients have no constitutional right to commit suicide.6. Which of the following statements its true according to the text ?[A] Doctors will be held guilty if they risk their patients' death.[B] Modern medicine has assisted terminally ill patients in painless recovery.[C] The Court ruled that high-dosage pain-relieving medication can be prescribed.[D] A doctor's medication is no longer justified by his intentions. Passage 7The researchers studied the behavior of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food tardily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males. Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan's and Dr. de Waal's study. 。