四级作文试题分类 四级作文从试题角度可以分为现象解释型、对比选择型、问题解决型、观点论证型与应用文五种类型一） 现象解释型 此类作文在四级考试作文中最为常见命题主要要求考生对某一社会现象进行解释并加以评论，其基本结构是：首先说明现状；其次阐述这种现状产生或存在的原因；最后做出分析，提出建议或总结观点Student Use of Computers1）上图所示为1990年，1995年，2000年某校大学生使用计算机的情况，请描述其变化2）说明发生这些变化的原因（可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明）3）你以为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难和问题描述现象段1) From / According to the chart / graph / table / picture, we learn that nowadays, students use of computers has grown sharply (总述社会现象 / 实事现象), which has aroused the greatest concern. 2) What impresses us most is that, in 2000, college student averagely spent 20 hours per week on computer, which is more ten times than the size ten years age （现象突出表现）. 3) There are many reasons accounting for this phenomenon（现象或变化）.说明原因段4) First of all / To begin with, the decreasing price of computer plays an important part （原因一）. 5) What is more / Moreover, Internet provides students an amazing world to explore （原因二）. 6) For example, people can make friends around the world（举例说明原因二）. 7) In addition, for students, the computer can be a great help to their study（原因三）. 8) Therefore / To conclude, more and more students devote their time to computers （总结原因导致的结果）.观点总结段9) As far as I am concerned / As to me, there are some problems existing in student use of computers （我的观点）. 10) On one hand / For one thing / First of all, lacking of skills fails students to make full use of the computer （理由一）. 11) On the other hand / For another / Besides, lacking necessary disciplines, some students indulge in computer games and net world, forgetting their major tasks as college students （理由二）. 12) In brief / Thus / To conclude /Taking above-mentioned factors into consideration, I may reasonably conclude that there is still a lot to do to help students make good use of computers （总结）.常用句式：1） As is described in the chart / graph / table / picture, in the past few decades there have arisen sharp increase in …如图所示，在过去的几十年中，…… 急剧增长。
2） The chart / graph / table / picture describes that the figure declines / falls smoothly / markedly. It reveals that …图标显示数字下降平缓 / 明显， 这表明……3） In the chart, we can see that there was a slight / marked fluctuation. It reveals that …在图表中， 我们可以看到有细微 / 很明显的波动，这表明……4） Recently, the problem of … has become the focus of the public concern.近来…… ，问题引起公众极大的注意5） There may be a combination of factors which contribute to / are responsible for / explain ………可能是好几个因素造成的结果6） There may be several possible reasons for which will be demonstrated below.可能有几个因素导致了我们下面要阐述的问题。
7） It’s no easy /simple task to offer the reasons for this phenomenon which involves more than one complicated factor.要解释该现象产生的原因并不容易，因为其中涉及到很多复杂的因素8） Among all the important reasons for … , one should be emphasized…在所有重要的原因当中，我们应当重点关注……（二） 对比选择型此类作文同样是四级考试中常见的类型，它的标志十分明显作文题目要求较明确，富有针对性，即直接要求考试比较两种观点或做法，进而表明自己对问题或事务的态度或观点，也就是做出选择Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary?1) 很多人认为有必要举行英语口语考试，理由是……2) 也有人持有不同意见3) 我的看法和打算观点对比段1）Different people have different views on / There is no complete agreement among people as to whether we should have a test of spoken English or not （问题 / 事物）. 2) Some people consider that / Some people take it for granted that it is necessary for college students to have such a test （一种看法 / 观点）. 3) However, others think / hold that it is useless to emphasize the importance of spoken English （另一种看法 / 观点）.对比论证段4) Some people may say that a test of spoken English is very important （观点一的理由）.5) They hold this opinion because they maintain that such a test can stimulate college students to have conversation practice（深入阐述观点一的理由）.6) However, others believe that taking such a test is a waste of time. （观点二的理由）.7) They argue that it is reading , translation and writing skills that really matter（深入阐述观点二的理由）.观点总结段8) Personally / As to me / Weighing up these two arguments, I am in favor of the former opinion / I agree to the first opinion（本人的观点或看法）.9) Firstly/ For one thing, spoken English is becoming more and more important in global communication（个人看法的依据一）.10) Secondly / For another, such a test can strengthen students awareness of the importance of spoken English（个人看法的依据二）.11) Most important of all / The main reason is that, if we cannot speak fluently, we will not achieve the ultimate purpose of learning English: to communicate with foreigners（个人看法的依据三）.12) Therefore, as stated above / Taking the above-mentioned factors into consideration, we may reasonably conclude that it is necessary for college students to take a test of spoken English（重申观点）.常用句式;1) There is a general discussion nowadays on the problem of … . Some argue / hold that … , but others set forth a totally different argument about the issue.如今，……问题引起了广泛的讨论。
有些人认为……但是其他人对此持有完全相反的观点2) In reaction to the phenomenon / In answer to the problem / In response to the on-going social change, some people believe … . In their minds, … . Others maintain … . In their eyes, …对于这种现象 / 对于解决该问题 / 对于社会变化， 一些人认为… 其他人认为… 。