2021 年大学英语四级考试翻译试题及答案〔1〕聘金(endowment)是中国传统习俗的一局部通常，新郎(bridegroom)需要给新娘家一笔钱作为聃礼来定下婚礼但是近几年来其标准不断上升,致使大多数家庭都很难到达快速上涨的生活本钱是聘金增加的主要缘由对于大多数年轻人来说，结婚意味着独立组建家庭，然而物价的不断上涨使这一切变得越来越困难因此，很多新婚夫妇都只能向父母求助表达难点1. 第 2 句中的“作为聘礼”在汉译英时，可以顺承前面一句“聘金”而省略不译来定下婚礼”表目的，故将其译作状语 to fix a marriage2. 第 3 句“……不断上升，致使大多数家庭都很难到达”表因果关系，可用so...that... 构造来表达，“某人很难做某事”英语对应的表达为sb. finds it difficult to do sth，此句可译为...have become so high... that a majority of families are finding it difficult to meet them3. 翻译第 4 句“快速上涨的生活本钱是聘金增加的主要缘由”时，假设依据原主干“生活本钱是主要缘由译，那么不能很好表达出原句强调“上涨”的利害关系，故转换构造，用“快 速上涨”作主语用介词短语 in the living cost 作定语。
4. 倒数第 2 句中的“结婚意味着独立组建家庭，然而物价的不断上涨使这一切变得越来越困难”是一个表转折的并列句但通过分析觉察，“这一切”指代前半句内容，故可用which 引导非限制性定语从句将前后分句联系起来，以避开不必要的信息重复，这样句子更加简洁紧凑物价的不断上涨”处理成缘由状语 because of the constantly rising prices 置后，使句子表达清楚流畅参考译文Endowment is part of Chinese tradition. Usually, a bridegroom needs to pay acertain amount of money to the bride”s family to fix a marriage. But the standardshave become so high in recent years that a majority of families are finding itdifficult to meet them. The rapid rise in the living cost is the main reason for theincrease of endowment. For most young people, marriage means setting up afamily independently, which has become increasingly difficult because of theconstantly rising prices. Consequently, many newly married couples turn to theirparents for help.2021 年大学英语四级考试翻译试题及答案〔2〕中国结(Chinese knot)是中国文化的典型代表之一。
中国结源于古代，当时人们用系结的方式来记事,在唐宋时期(the Tang and Song Dynasties)渐渐进展成为一种饰品，并在明清时期(the Ming and Qing Dynasties) 开头盛行至今中国结象征着团结、友情、和平、热忱和爱情等制作中国结的材料多种多样，如棉 线、丝编、尼龙(nylon)、皮革，甚至是一些贵重金属如今,中国结在世界各地广受欢送表达难点1.第 1 句中的“典型代表之一”可用 one of the typical symbols 来表达2.第 2 句的主语与第 1 句一样，都是 Chinese knot，故用代词 it 表达以避开重复此句是由“源于”、“进展”、“盛行”三个谓语组成的并列句，句子较长，翻译时可考虑将其拆译为两个句子当时人们用系结的方式来记事”拆分了汉语句中的三个连贯动作，可把它处理成 when 引导的状语从句,译为 when to keep recordskeep records 本身就已含“记事”之义，故承受英汉翻译中的“减词”译法，不再把“事”(things)译出来3. 第 2 句中的“渐渐进展成为一种饰品，并在明清时期开头盛行至今”说明白中国结进展的不同阶段，在构造上属于汉语中典型的“叙事多用并列构造”的特点。
翻译类似的汉语构造多承受“同一主语，并列谓语”的英语构造，故将developed 和 prevailed 处理成并列谓语4. 倒数第 2 句中的“制作中国结的材料”的中心词为“材料”，定语“制作中国结的材料”较长，故将其处理成后置定语，用分词短语used to make the knots 来表达参考译文Chinese knot is one of the typical symbols of Chinese culture. It appeared in ancient times when people tied knots to keep records. It developed gradually as a type of decoration during the Tang and Song Dynasties, and prevailed from the Ming and Qing Dynasties up to now. Chinese knot means reunion, friendship, peace, warmth, and love, etc. Materials used to make the knots are various, such as cotton, silk, nylon, leather and even precious metals. Today, Chinese knot is popular in many parts of the world.2021 年大学英语四级考试翻译试题及答案〔3〕中国的印章篆刻(seal carving)始于古代，贯穿于整个秦朝。
篆刻的印帝初是作为皇帝的玉玺(imperial seal)来使用的皇家的印章被称为玺(Xi)并且只能由皇室成员使用秦朝之后，更多不同种类的印章消灭了它们作为共性化的印戳用于私人用途这些非官方定制的印戳被称为印(Yin)在唐朝，由于迷信(superstition),印章的名称被改称为宝，理由是玺的发音与另一个表示“死亡”意思的汉字类似参考译文：Chinese seal carving first appeared in ancient times and was used throughout the Qin Dynasty. It was initially employed as an imperial seal named Xi. These imperial seal carvings were used only by the royalty. Following this dynasty, more different kinds of seals appeared and were used by private folks as personalized stamps. These non-official stamps were called Yin. During the Tang Dynasty, the seals was renamed Bao as a result of superstition since the pronunciation of Xi is similar to that of another Chinese charactcr which means death.1. 篆刻的印幸初是作为皇帝的玉玺(imperial seal)来使用的:该句可译为被动句，谓语是“初是作为…使用”，其中“使用”可用employ 来表示，属于正式用语，故可翻译为was initially employed as。
2. 由于迷信，印章的名称被改称为宝:“由于”可译为 because of 或 as a rcsult of, 这两个短语后面都接名句或动名词2021 年大学英语四级考试翻译试题及答案〔4〕黄河是亚洲第三、世界第六长的河流黄”这个字描述的是其河水浑浊的颜色黄河发源于青海，流经九个省份，后注入渤海黄河是中国赖以生存的几条河流之一黄河流域(river basin)是中国古代文明的诞生地，也是中国早期历史上富强的地区然而，由于极具破坏力的洪水频发，黄河曾造成屡次灾难在过去几十年里，政府实行了各种措施防止灾难发生参考译文：The Yellow River ranks the third longest in Asia and the sixth longest in theworld. The word“yellow” describes the muddy water of the river. The Yellow Rive，rone of several rivers for China to live on，originates from Qinghai，flows throughnine provinces, and finally pours into the Bohai Sea. The river basin is not only thebirthplace of ancient Chinese civilization，but also the most prosperous region inthe early history of China. However,due to the frequent devastating floods, it hascaused many disasters. In the past few decades,the government has taken variousmeasures to prevent disasters.2021 年大学英语四级考试翻译试题及答案〔5〕随着中国的改革开放，如今很多年轻人都宠爱进展西式婚礼。
新娘在婚礼上穿着白色婚纱，由于白色被认为是纯洁的象征然而，在中国传统文化中，白色经常是葬礼上使用的颜色因此务必记住，白花肯定不要用作祝人康复的礼物，尤其不要送给老年人或危重病人同样，礼金也不能装在白色信封里，而要装在红色信封里参考译文：With China’s reform and opening up, many young people tend to holdWestern-style weddings these days. The bride wears a white wedding dress at thewedding, because white is considered as a symbol of purity. However, i。