沈阳师范大学 硕士学位论文 《老人与海》的主题与风格在不同译者笔下的再现与得失 姓名：王淼 申请学位级别：硕士 专业：外国语言学及应用语言学（翻译方向） 指导教师：李云启 20100501 iv 摘 要 《老人与海》是 1954 年诺贝尔文学奖得主海明威的经典之作，现已成为一 部影响世界文坛的不朽之作 海明威笔下圣地亚哥的硬汉精神与其独特的写作风 格在中国的翻译至少有 20 个版本，从中可以看出不同译本对硬汉精神这一主题 和海明威独特的写作风格的再现都有所不同 德国功能翻译理论诞生于 20 世纪 70 年代， 其代表人物分别是赖斯， 弗米尔， 曼塔莉和诺德德国功能主义的核心理论是弗米尔提出的目的论，即翻译的目的 决定翻译的策略这一理论大胆地摆脱了语言学等效论的束缚诺德后来对功能 翻译理论进行了补充，提出了多角度动态关照的忠诚原则诺德的忠诚原则避免 目的论走向极端，这使德国功能翻译理论更加完善 德国功能翻译理论在国内主要应用于非文学翻译， 而其在文学翻译中的应用 却相对较少同时，国内对《老人与海》的研究则更多局限于文体学类分析本 文则希望通过对不同译者的翻译目的进行比较来分析不同译本在翻译过程中对 “忠诚”的把握程度，来洞悉文学作品在翻译中主题风格的再现与得失，从而从 新的角度追踪文学翻译的规律。
本论文分为四部分第一部分是引言主要介绍论文的研究背景，目的和意 义等基本问题第二部分是文献综述在介绍海明威与其作品《老人与海》的基 础上，对德国功能翻译理论的形成、内容、应用程度等进行阐释，并分析功能主 义应用于文学翻译中的可能性第三部分是论文的主体在阐述《老人与海》在 中国的译介情况的同时，介绍《老人与海》在中国的四个译本，分别为张爱玲、 海观、吴劳以及黄源深的译本继以目的论和忠诚原则为理论指导，从五个方面 v 对四个译本进行分析比较研究， 并就译本的共性与个性提出进一步的界定以及个 人的建议第四部分是结论阐述研究结论，指出本论文的不足之处，并对该领 域的进一步研究提出相关建议 关键词： 《老人与海》 ；主题与风格；功能翻译；文学翻译 ii Abstract Hemingway, the Nobel Prize winner for Literature in 1954, and The Old Man and the Sea have a great influence in literary field of the world. The Masculine Spirit of Santiago and Hemingways writing style have been translated into more than 20 versions in Chinese. Different versions have shown various reproductions of its theme and its style. Factionalism appeared in 1970s, with four representative scholars, namely Katharina Reiss，Hans J. Vermeer，Justa Holz- Manttari and Christiane Nord. Functionalism takes Skopostheorie as its core theory. Skopostheorie holds that translation is a purposeful act and the translation purpose determines the choice of translation strategies. The advantage of functionalism gets rid of the control of the traditional equivalence. Later, Nord presented a term as a supplement to Skopostheorie which is called “ loyalty” . Loyalty is a multi- angled dynamic translation theory. It reduces the radical move of functionalism and makes functionalism a more perfect theoretical framework. The application of functionalism in literary translation has received less attention and more study has focused on its application in non- literary translation. Meanwhile, the research on The Old Man and the Sea has been closely related to stylistics and other fields. This thesis aims for a comparative study on four Chinese translated versions of The Old Man and the Sea. The analysis and study is based on Skopostheorie and Loyalty. The research purpose is to discuss the reproduction of the theme and the style of literary works and find out some enlightenment and inspiration iii in literary translation. This thesis includes four parts. Part One is the introduction, including research purpose, research significance, research methodology and thesis structure. Part Two is literature review. An introduction to The Old Man and the Sea and functionalism is given. And the application of functionalism in literary translation is discussed. Part Three is the main body of the whole thesis, which introduces the four translated versions with four respective translation purposes. And then a comprehensive study will be conducted from five aspects. This part is mainly to discuss the reproduction of the theme and the style of literary works from the perspective of functionalism. Part Four is the conclusion, focusing on the major findings, limitations of the thesis and suggestions for further study. Key Words: The Old Man and the Sea, the theme and the style, functionalism, literary translation 学位论文独创性声明 本人郑重声明：所呈交的硕士学位论文，是本人在指导教师的指导下， 独立进行研究工作所取得的成果。
除文中已经注明引用的内容外，本论文 不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的作品成果对本文的研究 做出重要贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中以明确的方式标明本人完全意 识到本声明的法律结果由本人承担 作者签名： 日期： 学位论文使用授权声明 本人授权沈阳师范大学研究生处，将本人硕士学位论文的全部或部分 内容编入有关数据库进行检索；有权保留学位论文并向国家主管部门或其 指定机构送交论文的电子版和纸质版，允许论文被查阅和借阅；有权可以 采用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存、汇编学位论文保密的学位论文 在解密后适用本规定 作者签名： 日期： i Acknowledgements I would like to take this opportunity to express my heartfelt appreciation to those who have given me help during the stage of my graduate study and in the course of writing this thesis. Firstly, my sincere thanks goes to my supervisor Professor Li Yunqi, who has given me a lot of support and great encouragement in my daily life, thought- provoking inspiration and valuable suggestions in my academic study and constructive amendments in my thesis writing. Secondly, I would like to give my thanks to all the teachers who have taught me and given me instructions in the past three years in the field of translation theory and practice. Finally, I am grateful to all my classmates and friends for their advice and help. 1 Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 The Purpose of the Research Factionalism appeared in 1970s in Germany. After introduced into China, functionalism is mostly used in the field of the translation of non- literary works, such as the vague language in business contracts, commercial advertisements and tourism te。