人体解剖学英汉名词对照人体解剖学英汉名词对照一、总论一、总论 1．解剖学分类．解剖学分类 (Classification of Anatomy) anatomy 解剖学解剖学 * human anatomy, anthropotomy 人类解剖学人类解剖学 systematic anatomy 系统解剖学系统解剖学 regional (topographic) anatomy, topology 局部解剖学局部解剖学 gross (macroscopic) anatomy 大体解剖学，巨视解剖学大体解剖学，巨视解剖学 microscopic anatomy 显微解剖学显微解剖学 macro-microscopic anatomy 巨巨-微解剖学微解剖学 sectional anatomy 断面解剖学断面解剖学 pathological (morbid) anatomy 病理解剖学病理解剖学 neuroanatomy 神经解剖学神经解剖学 chemical neuroanatomy 化学解剖学化学解剖学 developmental anatomy 发生发生(或发育或发育) histologic anatomy 组织解剖学组织解剖学 histology 组织学组织学 embryology 胚胎学胚胎学 anthropology 人类学人类学 2．一般解剖学术语．一般解剖学术语 (General Anatomical Terms) dissection，，dissect (v.) 解剖，解剖标本解剖，解剖标本 normality，， normal (a.) 正常正常 abnormality , abnormal 异常异常 variation 变异变异 deformity, malformation 畸形畸形 specimen 标本标本 model 模型模型 3. 方位术语方位术语 (Positional Terms) anatomical position 解剖学姿势解剖学姿势 (1) 方位的形容词方位的形容词(positional adjectives) inferior, lower 下下 superior, upper 上上 anterior 前侧前侧 posterior 后侧后侧 ventral (dorsal) 腹腹(背背)侧侧 medial (lateral) 内内(外外)侧侧 intermediate 中间中间 internal, interior, inner, inside 内内 external, exterior, outer, outside 外外 superficial 浅浅 deep, profound 深深 proximal (distal) 近近(远远)侧侧 ulnar (radial) 尺尺(桡桡)侧侧 tibial (fibular) 胫胫(腓腓)侧侧 palmar 掌侧掌侧 plantar 足底足底 left 左左 right 右右 middle 中中 median 正中正中 (2) 轴和面轴和面(Axes and Planes) axis (pl. axes),axial (a.) 轴轴 vertical (perpendicular) axis, longitudinal axis 垂直轴垂直轴, 纵轴纵轴 coronal (frontal) axis 冠冠(额额)状轴状轴 sagittal axis 矢状轴矢状轴 plane (平平)面面 horizontal (transverse) plane 水平面水平面, 横平面横平面 coronal (frontal) plane 冠冠(额额)状面状面 sagittal plane 矢状面矢状面 median sagittal plane 正中矢状面正中矢状面 transverse section 横切面横切面 longitudinal section 纵切面纵切面 4. 人体的分部和分区人体的分部和分区 (Toponym and Zonation of the Human body) 头头 (Head) heat 头头(的的) Skull，，craniun，，cranial (a.) 颅颅 front, frontal, region 额区额区 perietal region 顶区顶区 occiput, occipital region 枕区枕区 Face, facial (a.) 面面 orbit, orbital region 眶区眶区 nose, nasal region 鼻区鼻区 mouth, oral region 口区口区 chin, mental region 颌区颌区 ear, auditory region 耳区耳区 颈颈 (Neck) neck, collum, cervical & jugular (a.) 颈颈 anterior region of neck, anterior of neck 颈前区颈前区 carotid triangle 颈动脉三角颈动脉三角 muscular triangle 肌三角肌三角,肩胛舌骨肌气管三角肩胛舌骨肌气管三角 sternocleidomastoid region 胸锁乳突肌区胸锁乳突肌区 supraclavicular triangle 锁骨上三角锁骨上三角 posterior region of neck, nuchal region 颈后区颈后区,项区项区 nape, nucha, nuchal (a.) 项项 root of neck 颈根部颈根部 躯干躯干 (Trunk) trunk, truncus 躯干躯干 Median anterior line 前正中线前正中线 sternal line 胸骨线胸骨线 parasternal line 胸骨旁线胸骨旁线 midclavicular line 锁骨中线锁骨中线 anterior (posterior) axillary line 腋前腋前(后后) 线线 midaxillary line 腋中线腋中线 scapular line 肩胛线肩胛线 median posterior line 后正中线后正中线 Back, dorsal 背背 vertebral region 脊柱区脊柱区 sacral region 骶区骶区 scapular region 肩胛下区肩胛下区 lumbar region 腰腰 Chest, thorax, thoracic (a.) 胸胸 sternal region 胸骨胸骨(前前)区区 infraclavicular fossa 锁骨下窝锁骨下窝 Abdomen, abdominal (a.) 腹腹 Hypochondriac 季肋区季肋区 epigastric region 腹上区腹上区 lateral region of abdomem 腹外侧区腹外侧区 umbilical region 脐区脐区 inguinal region, iliac region, 腹股沟区，腹股沟区， 髂区髂区 inguinal triangle 腹股沟三角，海氏三角腹股沟三角，海氏三角 pubic region, hypogastric region 耻区，腹下区耻区，腹下区 Pelvis,pelvic(a. ) 盆部盆部 Perineum,perineal (a.) 会阴会阴 anal region 肛区肛区 urogenital region 尿生殖区尿生殖区 四肢四肢 (Limbs) limbs, extremities 四肢四肢 Upper limbs (extremities) 上肢上肢 Shoulder 肩肩 axilla, axillary region 腋区腋区 Free upper limb 自由上肢自由上肢 arm,brachial (a.) 臂臂 anterior (posterior ) brachial region 臂前臂前(后后)区区 elbow, cubital, (a.) 肘肘 forearm, antebrachial (a.) 前臂前臂 anterior (posterior ) antebrachial region 前前 臂前臂前(后后)区区 hand, manual (a.) 手手 wrist, carpal (a.) 腕腕 palm, palmar, metacarpal (a.) 掌掌 back (palm) of hand 手背手背(掌掌) finger, digital (a.) 手指手指 thumb 拇指拇指 index finger 示指示指 middle finger 中指中指 ring finger 环指环指 little finger 小指小指 Lower limb 下肢下肢 hip, coxal (a.) 髋髋 buttock, gluteal region 臀区臀区 Free lower limb 自由下肢自由下肢 anterior (posterior) region of thigh 股前股前 (后后)区区 femoral triangle 股三角股三角 medial region of thigh 股内侧区股内侧区 knee, geniculate (a.) 膝膝 anterior (posterior) region of knee 膝前膝前 (后后)区区 leg, crural (a.) 小腿小腿 anterior (posterior) crural region 小腿前后小腿前后)区区 foot, pedal (a.) 足足 dorsum of foot 足背足背 sole, planta (pl. plantae) 足底足底 toes 足趾足趾 great toe 足母趾足母趾 人体。