1 一般现在时态 (The Simple Present Tense) 一、 含 义 :1.表示现在的状态: e.g. He’s twelve. She’s at work.2.表经常或习惯性的动作: e.g. I get up at 6:30 every day. He reads English every morning.3.表主语具备的性格和能力等:e.g. She likes noodles. They speak French.4.普遍真理和自然规律: e.g. Two plus four is six. The moon goes around the earth. 2、 用“一般现在时态”的标志词:(即常用的时间状语为:) 1、经常与 often(经常)sometimes(有时)always (总是)usually(通常)等频度副词连用(这些频率副词都是位于:实义动词之前;be\助动词、情态动词之后) ; 2、every+时间(如:every day\week\ month\year\term 每天\ 周\月\年\学期), 3、 once a week (一周一次) ,twice a year(一年两次),on Saturdays( 在星期六),in the morning (在早上) ;in the afternoon(在下午) ;in the afternoon (在晚上) 三、 结 构: (按谓语动词的不同可分为三种情况) (一)、当谓语是 系动词 be(am\is\are) 时,句式为:肯定句:主语+be+…. e.g. He is a worker否定句:主语+be+ not+…. e.g. He is not a worker. 一般疑问句:Be+主语+…..? e.g. Is he a worker? 特殊疑问句:疑问词+be+主语…..? e.g. What is he?备注: 1、当谓语是 系动词 be 时,可直接变换句式,不需要借助助动词。
2、I 用 am ;you 用 are;单数主语用 is;复数主语用 are 二) 、当谓语是 情态动词(10 个:can-could,may-might,will-would,shall-should,must,need) 时,句式为:肯定句:主语+情态动词+…. e.g. He can play basketball.否定句:主语+情态动词+ not+…. e.g.He can not play basketball. 一般疑问句:情态动词+主语+…..? e.g.Can he play basketball.? 特殊疑问句:疑问词+情态动词+主语…..? e.g.What can he play?备注:1、当谓语是情态动词时,可直接变换句式,不需要借助助动词2、情态动词的后面,永远接“动词原形”;3、情态动词不随主语的变化而变化 (三) 、当谓语动词是 实义动词 时,句式为:(1)、当主语是复数时:肯定句: (复数)主语+ 实义动词… . e.g. They stay at home on Saturdays. 否定句: (复数)主语+don’t+动词原形… e.g. They don’t stay at home on Saturdays. 一般疑问句: Do+(复数)主语 +动词原形…? e.g. Do they stay at home on Saturdays? 特殊疑问句:疑问词+ do +( 复数)主语+动词原形…? e.g. where do they stay on Saturdays ?(2)、当主语是单数时:肯定句: (单数)主语+ 实义动词(三单)… . e.g. He stays at home on Saturdays. 否定句: (单数)主语+doesn’t + 动词原形… . e.g.He doesn’t stay at home on Saturdays. 一般疑问句: Does+ ( 单数)主语+ 动词原形…? e.g.Does he stay at home on Saturdays? 特殊疑问句:疑问词+ does +(单数) 主语+动词原形…? e.g. where does he stay on Saturdays?2备注: 1、当谓语是实义动词时,不可直接变换句式,需借助助动词 do\does。
2、单数主语用助动词 does; I \You\ 复数主语用助动词 do 总结性的说 :变换句式(肯—否\疑)时: 当谓语是 be (am\are\is)和情态动词 (can-could,may-might,will-would,shall-should,must,need)时,可直接变换句式(即谓语+not 变为否定句,主谓 颠倒变为一般疑问句式) ,当谓语动词是实义动词时,变换句式必须要借助助动词 do\does,这时实义动词改为 动词原形. 备注:1、表示客观事实或普遍真理要用一般现在时 例如:A、Japan is to the east of China. 日本在中国的东边B 、The moon goes around the earth.月球绕着地球转 2、在时间和条件状语从句中可用一般现在时表示一般将来时概念例如: A、If it is fine tomorrow, we’ll go to the Great Wall.如果明天天气好,我们就去长城 B、As I get to Beijing, I’ll call you as soon.我一到北京就给你打四、主语为单数时,动词原形变为 →动词三单(-s 或-es ) ,变化规则如下: 规则 动词原形 →动词三单 +s, work→works, come→comes, play →plays. s,x,sh,ch 或 o+ -es pass→passes, wash→washes, watch →watches, box→boxes, go→goes 辅+y 变 y 为 i+-es carry→carries, study→studies. 特殊:have(三单) → has. 在一般现在时中,主语为单数时,谓语要用三单,但有些同学们对于哪些主语是单数还不十分清楚,现归纳总 结如下: 单 数 主 语 谓 语 例 句 he, she, it 作主语时 用三单 He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。
She has lunch at twelve. 她十二点吃午餐 It looks like a cat. 它看起来像只猫 单个人名、地名或称呼作主语 用三单 ①Han Mei looks like her mother. 韩梅看起来像她的亲②Beijing is in China. 北京在中国 ③Uncle Wang often makes cakes. 王叔叔经常做蛋糕 单数可数名词或“this / that / the+单 数可数名词“作主语时 用三单 ①A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物 ②This book is yours. 这本书是你的 ③That car is red. 那辆小汽车是红色的 ④The cat is Lucy's. 这只猫是露茜的 不定代词 someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something 等及 指示代词 this, that 作主语时 用三单 ①Everyone is here. 大家到齐了 ②There is something wrong with the watch. 这块手表有 毛病。
③This is a pen. 这是一支钢笔 ④That is an eraser. 那是一块橡皮擦 不可数名词作主语时 用三单 ①The milk is in the glass. 牛奶在玻璃杯里 ②The bread is very small. 那面包很小 当数字或字母作主语时 用三单 ①“6“ is a lucky number. “6“是个吉利数字 ②“I“ is a letter. “I“是个字母 备注:以上六种情况作主语时,谓语一定要用三单(即谓语后+s\es) 一般现在时专项练习(1) 一.变换句式(共 33 题) 1.This is my pencil ? ( 变一般疑问句) your 3 pencil ? 2. These red socks are Kate’s . (变一般疑问句) socks Kate’s ? 3. I want to buy a big green bag . (变特殊疑问句) you want to buy ? 4. Mary does not have any books . ( 变肯定句) Mary books . 5. The clothing shop is on sale . (变为否定句) 6. She likes the black bag very much . (变为否定句) 7. I buy the pants for only 50 Yuan. ( 用 she 改写句子)the pants for only 50 Yuan. 8. It’s an English dictionary . (对画线部分提问) 9. Lily and Lucy are fifteen years old now . (对画线部 分提问)Lily and Lucy ? 10. Her dog is 2 years and 5 months old . (变为否定句)Her dog 2 years and 5 months old . 11. I usually get up at seven o’clock . ( 用 he 改写句 子)at seven o’clock . 12. He often has hamburger and apples for dinner . (变 为一般疑问句) 13. My family always like thrillers . ( 对画线部分提问)your family always like ? 14. Jane’s sister wants to see the comedy . (变为一 般疑问句)Jane’s sister to see the comedy ? 15. Maria and Jack come to this school on Monday . (对画线部分提问)Maria and Jack come to this school ? 16. Titanic is really a great sad movie . ( 对画线部分 提问) Titanic ? 17. I think this documentary is boring . (变复数句) think boring . 18. Mike can play the gui。