2012年高考英语考前冲刺常考易混淆词汇1.be known as,be known for,be known to,be known in辨析(1)be known as作为……而著名，其后的名词表示一个人的身份、职业等 Liu Huan is known as a singer.(2)be known for因……而著名，其后所接内容表示某人或某物的特点、特长等 Guilin is known for its beautiful mountains and rivers. (3)be known to为……所了解/知道，其后接表示人的词语 He is known to all in our village. (4)be know in在某地很著名，其后接表地点的词语 He is well-known in the town where he was born. 2. be/get used to (doing) sth.,be used to do sth.,used to do sth. 辨析 (1)be/get used to (doing) sth.习惯于，适用于；可用于多种时态；to为介词。
I didn’t think I could ever get used to living in a big city after living in the country. (2)be used to do sth.被用来做某事；可用于多种时态；不定式为目的状语 Wood is used to make paper. (3)used to do sth.过去常常，暗含现在已经不那么做了；只用于过去时；used to为情态动词，后接动词原形 I used to smoke,but I gave up a couple of years ago. 3. be made of,be made from,be made up of,be made by,be made in辨析 (1)be made of表示“由……制成”，指从原料到制成品，没有发生本质变化(属物理变化) This table is made of wood.(2)be made from表示“由……制成”，指从原料到制成品，发生了质的变化(属化学变化)Paper is made from wood.(3)be made up of表示“由……组成”，强调主语由两部分或两个以上的部分构成或组成。
The team is made up of twelve members.(4)be made by表示“由……做”，后面接指人的名词或代词，强调动作的执行者The kite was made by my grandma.(5)be made in接表时间的数词或名词时，表示“某物何时制造的或何时产的”；接指地点的名词时，表示“某地产某物”This bike was made in Tianjin.The car was made in 2005.4.sometimes,sometime,some time,some times 辨析 (1)sometimes是个频度副词，意为“有时”，表示动作发生的不经常性，常与一般现在时或一般过去时连用 Sometimes I have lunch at school. (2)sometime是个副词，意为“在某时”，指时间上不确定的某一点，常用于一般过去时或一般将来时 I saw him sometime in July. (3)some time是个名词短语，意思是“一段时间”，在句中常与for等词连用 I’ll stay here for some time. (4)some times是个短语，表示几倍或若干次数。
I have met him some times before. 5. bring in,bring up,bring about辨析 (1)bring in引入；赚得 (2)bring up抚养，养育 (3)bring about导致，引起6. run out,go out,give out,leave out辨析 (1)run out用完，耗尽 (2)go out外出交际；送出，发出 (3)give out用完，耗尽；停止运转 (4)leave out省去，遗漏；不包括7. buy,cost,pay,spend,take辨析 (1)buy指购买常见搭配：buy (sb.) sth.;buy sth.(for sb./sth.) (2)cost指花钱、时间、精力等常见结构：sth.cost sb.sth.3)pay指花钱常见结构：sb.pay for(4)spend指花时间、钱等常见结构：sb.spend...(in) sth.;sb.spend...on sth.(5)take主要指花时间常见结构：It takes/took sb.some time to do sth.。
如：①他花了36 000法郎买了这只手表The watch cost him thirty-six thousand francs.He spent thirty-six thousand francs on the watch/(in) buying the watch.He paid thirty-six thousand francs for the watch.He bought the watch for thirty-six thousand francs.②他花了半个小时完成了工作It took him half an hour to finish the work.He spent half an hour on the work.He spent half an hour (in) finishing the work.8. offer,supply,provide辨析 (1)offer指“主动提供”常见短语搭配：offer sb.sth.;offer sth.to sb. Josie offered him 500 dollars to do the work. (2)supply指“供应，供给”。
常见短语搭配：supply sth.to/for sb./sp.;supply sb./sp.with sth. Our farm supplies the market with fruits and vegetables. (3)provide指“提供，供应”常见短语搭配：provide sth.for sb./sp.;provide sb./sp.with sth.The school provided books for the children.9. opposite,contrary辨析 (1)opposite指“(位置，方向，地位，意义等)对立的、相反的”be opposite to在……对面；与……相反；in the opposite direction在相反的方向上 His house is opposite to mine. (2)contrary指“(主张，看法，行为等)相反的”， 含有“互相冲突，不一致”的意思，也可以表示 “逆”，如：a contrary wind逆风 This is something quite contrary to my expectations.10. realize,know辨析 (1)realize vt. 表示“认识到，意识到；实现，完成”。
He didn’t realize his mistake until his mother told him. (2)know vt. & vi. 表示“知道；了解，熟悉；认识”可接段时间作状语 We have known each other for many years. 11. late,lately,later,latest辨析 (1)late可作形容词或副词，意为“迟(的)，晚(的)” She is late for school again.(2)lately是副词，意为“最近，近来”相当于recently，常与现在完成时连用I haven’t heard from him lately.(3)later为late的比较级，意为“较迟的(地)”；另外，还可用作副词，意为“后来”He goes home later than anybody.(4)latest为late的最高级，意为“最迟的(地)”，也相当于newest,意为“最新的”Here is the latest news from abroad.12. cut down,cut off,cut through,cut up,cut in 辨析 (1)cut down砍倒；削减 (2)cut off打断，中断(供给) (3)cut through开辟(出路或通道) (4)cut up(严重地)割伤，打伤；切碎 (5)cut in插嘴13. break out,break down,break away from,break into,break off,break through,break up辨析 (1)break out爆发 (2)break down出故障，坏掉 (3)break away from突然挣脱，逃脱 (4)break into强行闯入 (5)break off中断，断开 (6)break through克服，战胜 (7)break up拆开，打散14. separate,divide辨析 (1)separate把聚合在一起的事物、东西分开；常与from连用。
Please separate the good apples from the bad ones. (2)divide把一个整体分成若干部分；常与into连用 Please divide the apple into two parts.15. struggle,fight辨析 (1)struggle挣扎；斗争，指肉体和精神上 的搏斗，暗指在艰难处境中奋力挣扎 On arriving at the shore,the girl struggled up the cliff towards the light she had seen. (2)fight打仗，战斗，主要指肉体上的对抗引申 为一般的斗争，可指“打架” The soldiers fought bravely in the battle. 16. broad,wide辨析 (1)broad着重指某物覆盖面的范围(如肩、背、胸等的宽)，还可表示“宽宏大量” In point of fact he was broad and heavy,with large hands 。