威廉·莎士比亚人物简介莎士比亚（W. William Shakespeare；1564～1616）英国文艺复兴时期伟大的剧作家、诗人，欧洲文艺复兴时期人文主义文学的集大成者中文名：威廉·莎士比亚外文名：W. William Shakespeare国籍：英国出生地：英格兰沃里克郡斯特拉福镇出生日期：1564年4月23日逝世日期：1616年5月3日职业：剧作家，诗人，演员代表作品：四大悲剧《哈姆雷特》《奥赛罗》《李尔王》《麦克白》William Shakespeare(1564-1616) is one of the most remarkable playwrights and poets the world has ever known. With his 38 plays,154 sonnets and 2 long poems, he has established his giant position in world literature. He has also been given the highest praises by various scholars and critics the world over. In the past four hundred years or so, books and essays on Shakespeare and his works have kept coming out in large quantities. Shakekspeare went to London which afforded a wonderful enviroment for the development of drama. Shakespeare worked both as actor and playwright. He acted and wrote for the Lord Chamberlain's Men, which was later renamed the King's Men. Shakespeare established himself so well as a playwright that Robert Greene, one of the “University Wits”, resentfully declared him to be 'an upstart crow'. From about 1591 to about 1611, Shakespeare was in the prime of his dramatic career and his plays came out one after another. Shakespeare did not confine his genius merely to the theater. In 1593 and 1594, he published two narative poems, Venus and Adonis and The Rape of Lucrece, both of which were dedicated to the Earl of Southampton. He also wrote sonnets, which were published in 1609. By 1597, Shakespeare was so prosperous that he bought the largest house in Stratford, known as New Place. About 1610 Shakespeare left London and retired to Stratford, though he continued to write for some time. He died on April 23,1616. As the precise dates of many of Shakespeare's plays are still in doubt, critics hold different views to the division of his dramatic career. But generally his dramatic career is divided into four periods. The first period of shakespeare's dramatic career was one of apprenticeship. He wrote five history plays:Henry VI,Parts I,II,and III,Richard III, and Titus Andronicus; and four comedies: The Comedy of Errors, The Two Gentlemen of Verona, The Taming of the Shrew, and Love's Labour's Lost. In the second period, Shakespeare's style and approach became highly individualized. By constructing a complex pattern between diferent characters and between appearance and reality, Shakespeare made subtle comments on a variety of human foibles. In this Period he wrote five histories:Richard II, King John, Henry IV, Parts I and II, and Henry V, six comedies: A Midsummer Night's Dream, The Merchant of Venice, Much Ado About Nothing, As You Like It, Twelfth Night, and The Merry Wives of Windsor; and Two tragedies:Romeo and Juliet and Julius Caesar. Shakespeare's third period includes his greatest tragedies and his so-called dark comedies.The tragedies of this period are Hamlet,Othello,King Lear,Macbeth,Antony and Cleopatra,Troilus and Cressida,and Coriolanus.The two comedies are All's Well That Ends Well and Measure for Measure. The last period of shakespeare's work includes his principle romantic tragicomedies:Pericles,Cymbeline,The Winter's Tale and The Tempest;and his two final plays:Henry VIII and The Two Noble Kinsmen. Shakespeare's greatest tragedies are :Hamlet,Othello,King Lear,and Macbeth.（This text is only used for non-commercial purpose.You have to have special permission to reprint this article,reproduction of material without witten permission is strictly prohibited.Contact me for permission to copy this article.This article or section may be inaccurate ,hope more experts can make comments on it.William Shakespeare was a writer of plays and poems. Some of his most famous plays are Hamlet and Romeo and Juliet. He was born in 1564 in England. At school he liked watching plays. He decided to be an actor when he finished school at the age of fourteen. He married in 1582 and had three children. At the age of twenty-eight he moved to London and joined a theater company. He became a successful actor and started writing plays. Queen Elizabeth I(伊丽莎白) enjoyed Shakespeare's play. In 1599 the company opened the Globe Theatre on the River Thames(泰晤士河) in London. You can go to the River Thames and Globe Theater in London today. William Shakespeare died at the age of fifty-two. He was rich and successful. You can still see his plays in English and many other languages. He is one of the most famous writers in the world.莎士比亚的代表作有四大悲剧：《哈姆雷特》(英：Hamlet)、《奥赛罗》（英：Othello)、《李尔王》（英：King Lear）、《麦克白》（英：Macbeth）。
四大喜剧：《仲夏夜之梦》、《威尼斯商人》、《第十二夜》、《皆大欢喜》（《As you like it》）历史剧：《亨利四世》、《亨利五世》、《理查二世》等还写过154首十四行诗，二首长诗本·琼生称他为“时代的灵魂”，马克思称他和古希腊的埃斯库罗斯为“人类最伟大的戏剧天才”虽然莎士比亚只用英文写作，但他却是世界著名作家他的大部分作品都已被译成多种文字，其剧作也在许多国家上演1616年4月23日病逝莎士比亚和意大利著名数学家、物理学家、天文学家和哲学家、近代实验科学的先躯者伽利略同一年出生 名言 To be or not to be.That is a question. 生存还是毁灭，这是一个值得考虑的问题 Better a witty fool than a foolish wit.-Shakespeare 宁为聪明的愚夫，不作愚蠢的。