上海交通大学硕士学位论文数字媒体处理SOC中OSD的设计与实现姓名：马超申请学位级别：硕士专业：信号与信息处理指导教师：耿相铭20090101数字媒体处理 SOC 中 OSD 的设计与实现 摘 要 OSD(On Screen Displayer 屏幕显示引擎)系统是数字媒体处理SOC(System on Chip 片上系统)中实现人机对话的基础， 可实现游戏、信息浏览和一些基本的图像处理等功能 在媒体处理功能日益完善的今天，OSD 已成为数码产品中争取客户的重要功能模块 本文根据 SOC 系统设计要求，提出并实现了 OSD 模块功能：采用具有显示处理功能的光栅扫描系统，以减轻 SOC 中 CPU 的负担；能够完成六个图像层的显示、图形层与视频层的叠加、简单的二维图形处理功能设计过程中，以现有的 OSD 理论作为研究基础，优化了 OSD 内部实现架构，并对其功能进行了扩展；针对 OSD 的诸多功能，采用了可编程设计，从而使用户可以根据产品的需要选择不同的IP 配置，实现自己的 OSD，以减少重复劳动、缩短产品的研发周期 本文的大体结构可分为：基本原理介绍、系统设计概要、协同设计硬件实现和验证。
文中用大量篇幅对该系统的各个模块的具体实现进行了分析，最后着重讨论了实现过程中的一些问题，并给出了解决方案 关键词：OSD，数字媒体处理 SOC，流水线，Alpha 混叠，FPGA THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF OSD IN DIGITAL MEDIA SOC Abstract OSD is short for On Screen Displayer that can support game, information browse and some basic image processing functions, providing a strong support for man-machine conversation in digital media SOC (System on Chip) and has become an important component for the success in the market competition, especially in our days with the more and more powerful media processing engine. Base on the SOC requirement, such an OSD is analyzed and implemented: the raster scan system for display is coupled with image processing unit in order to reduce SOC CPU burden; the OSD can support a lot of features including six layers for display, graphic layer blending with video layer and some two-dimension image processing functions. In the design, base on OSD theory, we optimize the architecture of OSD and extend its application field by software and hardware co-design; meanwhile, due to OSD’s many features, we apply the programmable methodology on the design, which means customers can use the OSD IP in different ways on their needs, thus lightening repetitive jobs and reducing time. This paper is organized as follows. We firstly introduce principles of image processing about OSD system; in the second part, OSD system high level design is our major discuss objection; then, the detail knowledge about hardware design in the co-design, implementation and simulation is considered as the key part in the paper; at last, we analyze crucial challenges we encountered in the development and give our solutions. KEY WORDS: OSD, Digital media SOC, Pipeline, Alpha Blending, FPGA 图片目录 图 1 数字媒体处理 SOC 原理图·········································································1 图 2 简单光栅显示系统结构···············································································6 图 3 视频控制器的逻辑结构···············································································7 图 4 具有显示处理器的光栅显示系统结构·······················································8 图 5 行、场同步扫描示意图··············································································9 图 6 标准 3D 图形流水线·················································································10 图 7 标准 2D 图形流水线·················································································10 图 8 OSD 图层混叠示意图················································································12 图 9 颜色查找表································································································15 图 10 改进的颜色查找表··················································································16 图 11 媒体处理芯片架构示意图 ······································································17 图 12 媒体处理系统的数据流向图 ··································································18 图 13 Xilinx 大学计划板硬件开发板资源 ························································19 图 14 OSD 系统模块结构··················································································20 图 15 PLB 总线主模式接口···············································································22 图 16 PLB 从模式接口·······················································································23 图 17 图片存储的方式和描述参数 ··································································24 图 18 RGB565 颜色查找表················································································25 图 19 显示屏幕上视口的描述··········································································26 图 20 逐行扫描时链表组织形式 ······································································27 图 21 隔行扫描时链表组织形式 ······································································27 图 22 二维图像存储方式··················································································29 图 23 OSD 流水线的一般结构··········································································29 图 24 系统软件架构··························································································33 图 25 VMA2PLB 架构图 ···················································································34 图 26 VMA2PLB 时序图 ···················································································35 图 27 GDP 流水线架构······················································································37 图 28 GDP_MBIF 模块中负责数据请求的状态机···········································38 图 29 GDP_BUF_Read 模块中缓冲数据读取状态机·······································40 图。