Sentences typesSimple Sentence 简单句简单句Compound Sentence 并列句并列句Complex Sentence 复合句复合句Compound Complex 并列复合句并列复合句简简单单句句是是只只有有一一个个主主语语(或或并并列列主主语语)和和一一个个谓谓语语(或或并并列列谓语谓语)构成的句子例如：构成的句子例如：He often reads English in the morning.Tom and Mike are American boys.(并列主语，只有一个谓语并列主语，只有一个谓语)She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the magazines.(并列谓语，只有一个主语并列谓语，只有一个主语)语法精析一、简单句一、简单句一、简单句成分分析【观察下面五种句型，归纳句型结构】She likes music._The girl is pretty_Everybody laughs._He gave me a gift._We keep the table clean._主+谓+宾主+系+表主+谓主+谓+间宾+直宾主+谓+宾+宾补Long Sentences 长句长句Grammar I.句子类型：句子类型：复合句复合句（complex sentencecomplex sentence）由一个由一个主句主句和一个或一个以上和一个或一个以上从句从句构构成的句子成的句子；并列句并列句（compound sentencecompound sentence）由由并并列列连连词词或或其其他他并并列列手手段段连连接接两两个个或或两两个个以以上上的的简简单单句句而成的句子；而成的句子；并列复合句并列复合句（compound-complex sentencecompound-complex sentence）并列句并列句中的两个分句含有中的两个分句含有从句从句的复杂的复杂句子句子。
简单句简单句+并列连词并列连词+简单句简单句 If you want to hold a koala,you have to go to certain licensed zoos where animal experts make sure that the koalas selected for each session are in a good state for human contact and that they are handled for only a limited time and on a limited frequency of occasions.如果想抱抱考拉，你得去那些有执照的动物园那里的动物专家会确保挑选出来的考拉状态良好、适合与人接触，游客爱抚考拉的时长和频率也有限制该句的主干是一个主谓状结构（you have to go to zoos），if引导的是条件状语从句，where后面直到句尾是个很长的定语从句，修饰zoos这个定语之所以长，是因为其中含有两个由that引导的宾语从句But by any criteria this work is worth it to us as well,because it shows that we are global citizens interested in world stability,and that we feel responsible for others and are ready to build a community with a shared future for mankind.但以任何标准来看，这项工作对我们都是值得的；因为它表明，我们是关注世界稳定的全球公民，我们对他人负有责任，我们为建立人类命运共同体做好了准备。
这个长句，第一层从because分开，前面的主句为“主系表”结构，because后面直到句尾是一个“主谓宾”结构的原因状语从句，用来说明“这项工作很有意义”的理由第二层，原因状语从句内部包含两个由that引导的宾语从句，作show的宾语第三层，两个that引导的宾语从句是并列关系，也都是“主系表”结构定定义义：包包含含两两个个或或两两个个以以上上主主谓谓结结构构的的句句子子叫叫并并列列句句，句句与句之间通常用与句之间通常用并列连词或分号并列连词或分号来连接例如：来连接例如：The food was good,but he had little appetite.One of the clocks hands is short;the other two are long.二、并列句二、并列句分类分类并列并列转折转折选择选择因果因果对比对比祈使句祈使句and/or 简单句简单句1)表表并列关系并列关系，引导词有：，引导词有：and，not only.but also，neither.nor，both.and，not.butNeither Tom nor Jack has finished the homework.Not couldnt they complete the task,but the task was too tough.2)表表转折关系转折关系：but，yet，whereas，nevertheless(但是；然而但是；然而)John likes playing basketball,but he didnt play it yesterday.Jane said that she was ill,yet/but/whereas I saw her in the street just now.注意主谓一致注意主谓一致注意否定词置于句首，构成倒装注意否定词置于句首，构成倒装3.表表选择关系选择关系：or，otherwise，or else，either.orWe must hurry,or well miss the train.Either you come to my place or I go to yours.4.表表因果关系因果关系：for，soWe had better stay at home,for it was raining.He didnt work hard,so he failed in the examination.5.表表对比关系对比关系：whileI do every single bit of housework while my husband Tom just washes dishes now and then.6.祈使句祈使句and/or 简单句，祈使句表示一个条件，简单句，祈使句表示一个条件，and引导引导的简单句表示一的简单句表示一个承接的结果，个承接的结果，or引导的简单句表示一个相引导的简单句表示一个相反的结果，简单句反的结果，简单句多多用一般将来时用一般将来时态。
态Read this story,and you will enjoy your life now more.Take the flowers into a warm room,or they will die quickly.目录Shes not only a great dramatic actress _ shes also very funny.He has plenty of money _ he can spend it freely.Leave it with me _ I will see what I can do with it.Dont drive so fast _ youll have an accident.The shops were closed _ I didnt get any milk.在空白处填入适当的并列连词在空白处填入适当的并列连词butandandorso1.定义及结构定义及结构由由一一个个主主句句和和一一个个或或一一个个以以上上的的从从句句构构成成的的句句子子叫叫复复合合句句在在复复合合句句中中主主句句是是全全句句的的主主体体，从从句句是是全全句句的的一一个个成成分分，不能独立。
主句与从句之间用关联词连接起来不能独立主句与从句之间用关联词连接起来例如：例如：The film had begun when we got to the cinema.我们到达电影院的时候，电影已经开演了我们到达电影院的时候，电影已经开演了三、复合句三、复合句2.主从复合句的分类主从复合句的分类根根据据从从句句对对主主句句的的修修饰饰、限限定定和和补补充充作作用用，主主从从复复合合句句主主要分要分为名词性从句为名词性从句、定语从句定语从句和和状语从句状语从句1)名词性从句名词性从句在在句句子子中中起起名名词词作作用用的的句句子子叫叫名名词词性性从从句句名名词词性性从从句句的的功功能能相相当当于于名名词词词词组组，因因此此可可分分为为主主语语从从句句、宾宾语语从从句句、表语从句和同位语从句表语从句和同位语从句That the match will be cancelled is now certain.(主语从句主语从句)How it all happened is a mystery to me.(主语从句主语从句)I know(that)youll succeed.(宾语从句宾语从句)I wonder if you could stay for another day.(宾语从句宾语从句)The question is whether they have singed a contract.(表语从句表语从句)Thats why I object to the plan.(表语从句表语从句)There is a rumour(流流言言、谣谣言言)that he has married a widow.(同位语从句同位语从句)The idea that money means everything is unsound.(同位语同位语)目录引导名词性从句的从属连词可分为三类：引导名词性从句的从属连词可分为三类：连接词：连接词：that，whether，if(不充当从句的任何成分不充当从句的任何成分)连连接接代代词词：what，whatever，who，whoever，whom，whose，which，whichever连接副词：连接副词：when，where，how，why，whenever，whereverJohn said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。
约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去What I want to know is why the detective is accused.我想知道的是那个侦探为什么被指控我想知道的是那个侦探为什么被指控2.定语从句定语从句 定语从句定语从句多多由关系词由关系词(关系代词或关系副词关系代词或关系副词)引出Is he the man who/that wants to see you?They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.A prosperity which/that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.Ill never forget the days when I worked together with you.(when在从句中作状语，可替换成介词在从句中作状语，可替换成介词inwhich)As we know,smoking is harmful to ones health.(as引导非限制性定语从句，可位于主句前面引导非限制性定语从句，。