知识产权保护- 1 -知识产权保护美国专利商标局 United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO)国家知识产权局 State Intellectual Property Office (SIPO)国家工商行政管理总局 State Administration for Industry and Commerce新闻出版总署 General Administration of Press and Publication (GAPP)国家版权局 National Copyright Administration海关总署 General Administration of Customs (GAC)（工商总局下属）商标局 China Trademark Office (CTMO）法律、法 law on法规、规定、条例 regulations on细则、规则 rules for 规定、规则、办法都属于部门规章办法 procedures for《关于……的意见》 opinions on …某部法律的具体规定 provisions on民法通则 General Principles of the Civil Law刑法 Criminal Law刑事诉讼法 Criminal Procedure Law专利法 Patent Law of the PRC专利法实施细则 Rules for the Implementation of the Patent Law专利代理条例 Regulations on Patent Commissioning商标法 Trademark Law of the PRC商标法实施条例 Regulations on the Implementation of the Trademark Law著作权法 Copyright Law of the PRC知识产权保护- 2 -著作权法实施条例 Regulations for the Implementation of the Copyright Law计算机软件保护条例 Regulations on the Protection of Computer Software音像制品管理条例 Regulations on the Administration of Audio and Video Products植物新品种保护条例 Regulations on the Protection of New Varieties of Plants海关法 Customs Law of the PRC知识产权海关保护条例 Regulations on the Protection of Intellectual Property Rights by the Customs公约 convention条约 treaty协议、协定 agreement议定书 protocol与贸易有关的知识产权协议 Agreement on Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS)保护工业产权巴黎公约 Paris Convention for the Protection of the Industrial Property专利合作条约 Patent Cooperation Treaty商标国际注册马德里协定 Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks商标注册用商品和服务国际分类尼斯协定Nice Agreement Concerning the International Classification of Goods and Services for the Purpose of the Registration of Marks专利保护 patent protection 商标保护 trademark protection版权保护 copyright protection 海关保护 customs protection知识产权保护- 3 -刑事保护 protection of IPR against crimes司法保护 judicial protection智力成果 intellectual achievements日常监管和专项治理 routine management and special crackdown campaigns整顿和规范市场经济秩序 rectify and standardize the market economic order有效保证涉嫌犯罪案件及时进入刑事司法程序This ensures that suspected criminal cases enter the judicial process promptly专利代理 patent commissioning专利审查体系 patent examination system发明、实用新型、外观设计专利 invention, utility model and design受理案件 accept结案 resolve/conclude冒充专利 patent counterfeits假冒他人专利 unauthorized use of others' patents集体商标 collective trademarks注册商标包括：商品商标、服务商标、集体商标、证明商标四种基本类型。
集体商标属于由多个自然人、法人或者其他组织组成的社团组织证明商标 certification trademarks证明商品或服务的产地、原料、制造方法、质量、精确度或其他特定品质的商标比如“绿色食品”标志等驰名商标 well-known trademarks立体商标 3D trademarks知识产权保护- 4 -颜色组合商标 color combination trademarks（数量上）突破几大关 exceed the key marks of 商标异议案件、商标争议案件 cases involving objections and disputes over ownership of trademarks注册商标专用权 exclusive use of registered trademarks追究刑事责任 pursue sb's criminal responsibilities收缴、罚没 confiscate印版 press plate 伪造商标用工具屡禁不绝 sth persist in spite of bans经营许可证制度 business license system出版权专有制度 exclusive publication right system复制委托书制度 duplication authorization system内容审查制度 censorship system光盘来源识别码 SID code举报人 informants统一防伪标识 uniform anti-counterfeit labels登记备案制度 the system of registration and filing of 公示 keep the public informed of有法可依、有章可循 provide legal and administrative groundwork理顺管理体制 sort out the administrative system“精简、效能、统一”的原则 the principle of "streamlining, efficiency and unification新闻出版总署负责音像制作、出版和复制管理，文化部负责音像批发、零售、出租、放映和进口管理clearly assign the administration of audio-video product's production, publication and duplication to the GAPP; and that of wholesale, retail, renting, showing and import of audio-video products to the Ministry of Culture稽查队伍 investigation squads/teams知识产权保护- 5 -吊销营业执照 revoke the business license分子测定实验室 molecule determination labs品种权 plant variety rights界、门、纲、目、科、属、种 Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species一品红 Christmas flower杜鹃花 azalea杏 apricot桉树 eucalyptus报关单证 customs declaration bills and certificates扣留货物 detain/detention担保金 security deposit海关保护执法机制：一建立知识产权海关保护的中央备案制度(central filing system) 。
只要知识产权权利人(proprietors)事先将知识产权在海关总署备案(file…with the GAC)，口岸海关(port customs)就有权对侵犯有关备案的知识产权的进出口货物予以扣留二试行主动保护与被动保护相结合的执法模式海关不仅根据知识产权权利人的申请扣留进出口的侵权嫌疑货物，而且主动依据职权对进出口货物的违法行为进行查处(investigate and deal with)海关总署，直属海关，隶属海关GAC, customs houses directly under GAC, grass-root customs posts伪劣产品 fake or inferior products涉及面广、影响恶劣，案值较大的案件cases that were of widespread and baneful repercussions and involved large amounts of money提起公诉 institute prosecutions立案 filing of cases by public security organs不正当竞争 unfair competition一审案件 cases of first instance统一执法尺度 make law enforcement standards coherent知识产权保护- 6 -法官的职业化建设 emphasize the professional training of judges2 班 郑黎黎。