祈使句祈使句常常是表达说话人对对方的劝告、叮嘱、请求或命令等因此，祈使句中一般没有主语， 但根据其句意，实际上是省略了主语you祈使句句末用感叹号或句号，朗读时，常用降调在表达请 求或劝告时，在祈使句前或句末可加上please，以使句子的语气更加缓和或客气祈使句一般没有时 态的变化，也不能与情态动词连用例如：Keep off the grass!勿踩草地!Put the boxes in the small room把那些盒子放到那个小房间里祈使句的肯定句式一般分为以下三种类型：1. 行为动词原形＋其它成分例如：Make sentences after the model根据例句造句Have a good time. 愿你玩得痛快 小试牛刀： this way, please.请这边走 home at once.马上回家去2. Be动词+其它成分(形容词、名词或介词短语等)例如：Be careful when crossing the street.过马路时要小心小试牛刀： . The baby is sleep ing.安静，宝宝正在睡觉3. Let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分例如：Let him go back now.让他现在回去吧。
Let me have a rest. 让我休息一会儿吧Let us help you. 让我们帮助你吧小试牛刀：Let there together.我们一起去吧Let the work.让他来做这工作祈使句的否定句式，通常情况下在句首加上Don't或Never, —般分为以下四种类型：'t,构成『Do n't+行为动词原形+其它成分』例如：Don't say that again!别再那样说了！'t,构成『Don't be+其它成分(形容词、名词或介词短语等)』注意：在这种句型中be不能省略； 否定副词not不可置于be之后例如：Do n't be careless.不要粗心3. Let引起的祈使句的否定形式有两种：(1)Let开头的祈使句，如果后面跟第一、第三人称名词或 代词的宾格，可在Let前加Do n't，也可在Let后宾格的名词或代词后面加not2)如果以Let's开头的祈使句，必须在Let's后加not例如:Don't let me go with her tomorrows Let me not go with her tomorrow不要让我明天跟她一起去 Let's not tell her the truth whe never we meet her无论什么时候我们碰到她，都不要告诉她真相。
4•在公共场合的提示语中，否定祈使句常用『No+名词/V-ing形式』结构，表示『禁止做某事』 例如：NO Photos!禁止拍照！ No Passing禁止通行！No En try禁止入内！No Smoking禁止吸烟！小试牛刀：改为否定句Please cut me a piece of cake. Wait a minu te, please. Be quite. Let's hurry. 祈使句的反意疑问句须按其句子结构及讲话人的语气来决定其疑问部分通常有以下三种形式：1. 祈使句为肯定句式，其反意疑问句表示请求时，通常用will you；表示邀请、劝说时，用won' t you 例如：Be sure to write to us, will you?你一定要给我们写信，好吗？Come to have dinner with us this evening, wo n't you?今晚来和我们一起吃饭，好吗？2. 祈使句为否定句式，其反意疑问句通常只用will you例如：Don't smoke in the meeting room, will you?不要在会议室抽烟，好吗？3. Let开头的祈使句构成反意疑问句时，除Let's用shall we外，其它均用will you。
例如:Let the boy go first, will you?让个那男孩先走，好吗？Let's take a walk after supper, shall we?晚饭后我们去散步，好吗？小试牛刀：Turn on the TV, ?把电视打开，好吗？Tell me the truth, ?告诉我实话，好吗？Let me know, ? 告诉我，好吗？Let's go swimming together, ?我们一起去游泳好吗？祈使句的动作是未发生的动作，常用I will.来回答其肯定式，表示愿意接受请求或命令，用I won't.来回 答其否定式另外，常用All right. / OK. / Yes, let's... / A good idea等来回答Let's...句式，表示接受建议; 用You may. / You can.等来回答Let us...句式，表示允许或同意［原题再现］ 答案: ① C ② B① -Let's go swimming, shall we? - .A. It's my pleasure B. It doesn't matter C. Yes, let's go D. I agree with you② -Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. - .A. I don't B. I won't C. I can't D. I haven't祈使句后接陈述句时，须用连接词连接。
如果祈使句与陈述句表示的是一种顺承关系时，要用并 列连词 and 来连接；如果祈使句与陈述句存在一种否定条件关系时，要用并列连词 or 来连接考查" 祈使句（或名词词组）+ and（或or）+简单句"这一固定句型例如：Leave it with me and I will see what I can do.把它留给我吧，我想想有没有办法Hurry up, or we'll be late.快点，否则我们要迟到了［原题再现］答案:①A②A① -English has a large vocabulary, hasn't it?-Yes. more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate.A. Know B. Knowing C. To know D. Known② Let's keep to the point or we any decisions.A. will never reach B. have never reached C. never reach D. never reached 祈使句与条件状语从句连用时，条件状语从句可置于祈使句前或后。
例如：Tell him to make a phone call to me if he comes here tomorrow.如果他明天来这儿的话，叫他给我来个祈使句的强调形式通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助动词Do（Do在句中无意义）例如:Do shut up!快住口！ Do be careful.务请小心 Do come on time.务必请准时来在英语中，有些祈使句不是以动词原形来引起一个祈使句，而是以一个名词短语来充当，且后接 一个带有并列连接词的分句实际上，这个充当祈使句的名词短语相当于一个条件状语从句 例如： More water and the young trees couldn't have died. 如果你给那小树多浇点水，他们就不会死 了lf you had give n them more water, the young trees could n't have died.1、 祈使句往往容易与不定式、分词或条件状语从句相混淆在平时的练习或测试中，如果稍不留 神，就会出错因此，要认真审题，认真分析句子结构，并根据上下文语境，作出正确判断例如： you r composition carefully, some spelling mistakes can be avoided.A. Having checked B. Check C. If you check D. To check析：如果空白处选填B（Check）项，则视为祈使句，但后一分句前没有并列连接词and连接；如选 A或D项（分词或不定式），句中逻辑主语some spelling mistakes又不能执行这个动作，故均不符合句 子结构。
因此，只有 C 项（条件状语从句）符合句子结构及句意2. 考查祈使句型与非谓语动词作状语的辨别能力 注意标点符号（如破折号）的功能，牢记常见祈使句的结构，排除非谓语动词的干扰（非谓语动词提前作 状语，常用逗号与后面分开，表示时间、原因、条件、目的等）［原题再现］ 答案: AI've never seen anyone run so fast - David go.A. just watch B. just to watch C. just watching D. just having watched一、 将以下祈使句改为否定式：1. Come here early. 2. Ask him. 3. Please wait for her. 4. Read the book carefully. 5. Sit un der the tree, please. 6. Let's go there together. 二、 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空1. It's an important meeting. (not, be )late.2. (not,make) any noise! Your mother is sleeping.3. (not, speak) with your mouth full of food and (be) polite.4. ( not, talk) and (read) aloud.5. (not,leave) your homework for tomorrow, Larry.6. (look) out! A car is coming.7. (give) us ten years and just see what our country will be like.8. (not, let) the baby cry.9. Wear more clothes or you (catch) a cold.10. Let's (not, say) anything about it.三、选择最佳答案填空：( )1. If you are tired, a rest.A. have B. having C. to have( )2. me go. It is very important for me.A. Do let B. let do C. Doing let ( )3. He is not honest. believe him.A. Not B. Don't C. To not( )4. If you want to stay, let me know, ?A. will you B. shall we C.。