STRUCTURE OF GROUP MEANING IN ENGLISH LEARNING(英语学习中意群的构建) （一）意群的构建在单项选择题中 制作：张利青 意群指的是在英语交际中表达一个词组 、一 个句子或一个段落的完整的意义意群对于 学生在学习语言的过程中理解句子和段落大 意以及文章中心思想都有很重要的作用在 意群构建学习中，如下几点是关键： a.构建意群的整体性(completion) 各个意群是一个有机的整体，在意义上不能 把它们分割开来如： Jenny is pleasant to _____ . A. say B. speak C. talk D. talk to 答案D，强调了整体性，因为意群 talk to sb. 与前面的Jenny 有关又如 D ------ Whom would you rather _____with you, Mary or June? ------ ________. A.go,Neither B. have go, Either C.have gone, Either D. have to go , Both 答案B，强调了意群是have sb. do sth. , 与前面的whom 有构成整体的关系。
B b.重视意群的分裂性(separation) 即把一个意群的整体分裂开来如： John plays the piano ______ , if not better than, David. A.as well B. as well as C. so well D.so well as 答案B，说明意群的整体是，John plays the piano as well as David,只是 中间插了一个状语not better than (=if he doesn’t play it better than David.)把 意群的整体分裂开来 B 又如： The fellow in rags, _____ nobody seemed to say anything ,tried to explain that he was not a beggar. A. to whom B. about whom C. who D. whom 答案A，说明The fellow in rags tried to explain … ，是意群的整体,只是 中间夹了一个非限制性定语从句。
如果不注意意群的构建的话，就会 很容易误选B答案 A C.关注意群的位移(displacement) 这种现象经常出现在倒装句 . 感叹句和疑 问句中，如： Not until all the fish in the river died ____ how serious the pollution was. A. did the people realize B. the people realized C. the villagers did realized D. didn’t the villagers realized A 答案A这是个否定词位移的倒装句， 原本的意群是 not … until … , 即 People didn’t realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish in the river died .又如： How happy the children are ____ each other again. A. see B. to see C. saw D. seen 答案B，表明原本的意群是 B The children are happy to see each other. 只是在感叹句中把happy 作 为被强调部分调到前面去了。
d.把握意群的省略(omission) 即把意群中的某个部分省去，意 义还是完整的如：I didn’t noticed it until _____ . A. it is too B. being too late C. too late D. be too late 答案C，表明完整的意群是 C until it was too late. 又如： You can have another two days’ leave, if / when necessary. 很明显 if /when necessary 的完整意 群是 if / when it is necessary. e.留意标点符号(punctuation marks) 如逗号，分号；等: 1.John went up to the boy , patting him on the shoulder , and ___ him away. B A. taking B. took C. to take D. take 2.Last Sunday,I met Marry, ______ was my friend. 3.Last Sunday, I met Marry ; _____ was my friend . 4.Last Sunday, I met Marry , and ____ was my friend. A. who B.she C.her D. whom A B B Exercises 1.Those plastic flowers look so ____that many people think they are real. .A.similar B.nice C.natural D.beautiful 2. ---Tom,you are so lazy.This job ought to have been finished hours ago. ---Sorry,I know it _____. A. Should have done B.must have been C.ought to be D. should have been c D 3. When the country calls you for help, you ____. A.can’t go B.should not but go C.can’t help but go D. can’t but go 4.---Is the house at the end of the street still for sale? ---No, it ___. A. was sold B.has sold C.had sold D.has been sold D D 5. Mary tried hard to find a job but she had no ___. A.trouble B. luck C. time D. chance 6.--- Do you enjoy these two novels? --- I should if ____ of them were written lively. A. either B. each C. every D. all A B 7. They ____ 100,000 dollars for the old house.And now they ‘ve bought a new one. 8. The old houses were too expensive. I only ____ him 10,000 for each. A.spent B.sold C.took D.paid B.9.He ____ the bus (train , plane) until it disappeared in the distance. C.A.saw B.watched C. noticed D.observed C D B 更多资源 。