曰多笔K不斗扌支音幵艮公司www _ z m 貝 xo m 一[1須喷油泵内泄露的产生部位及防治措施喷油泵是柴油发动机的“心脏”，它的作用是为柴油建立高压，并且根据发动机工作顺序和负荷变化，定时、定 量地将柴油供应给喷油泵，喷入燃烧室一旦喷油泵出现内部泄露，甚至高压油路与低圧油路相连通，将造成柴油机 启动困难，工作无力，直至无法正常运转同时泄露的柴油进入润滑油中，使润滑油稀释变质，进而增加机件的磨 损1喷油泵内泄露的诊断方法喷油泵发生内泄露，一般用肉眼难以察觉如果发动机出现启动困难，功率下降，油路有排不完的空气，有时 自动熄火，同时喷油泵壳体内或油底机油平面异常升高，即可诊断为喷油泵内部泄露2:喷油泵内泄露的主要部位 ⑴柱塞套安装台肩处泄露柱塞式喷油泵的柱塞套大圆柱面台肩与油泵上体之间不设密封垫圈，依靠两个结合的精细加工实现密封这是 一个环形的、面积很小的密封平面如此处出现明显的挤压痕迹，将引起柴油大量泄露，使柴油机无法正常工作，有 时会出现低速转速时可以勉强运转，而转速提高后便会吸入空气的现象柱塞套安装台肩处产生挤压痕迹的主要原因是拧紧出油阀紧座的扭力过大， 另外工作中高压柴油变化的波动应力也会加速此处的疲劳损伤。
⑵柱塞与柱塞之间泄露柱塞与柱塞套的配合原本非常精密， 其间隙仅0.002〜0.003mm,两者经过选配和研磨， 表面粗糙精度特别高 在使用中，如果柴油含有杂质和水份， 引起柱塞偶件磨损或腐蚀， 间隙增大，柴油发生泄露，因而无法对柴油建立高压⑶柱塞套定位螺钉处漏油柱塞套定位螺钉下设有一只 1mm厚的紫铜垫圈，它主要起密封作用如果漏装此小垫圈，或者它起毛、破裂， 柱塞套内的柴油便从定位螺钉处往泄漏⑷出油阀泄漏当出油阀紧座与出油阀座大端面之间的紫铜（或尼龙）密封垫圈破裂、变形，或者出油阀紧座末拧紧时，出 油阀上方的高压油腔将与下方的低压相沟通，致使喷油泵无法产生高压柴油⑸回油阀泄漏多缸喷油泵设置回油阀的目的， 是使喷油泵上体水平油道的柴油保持约 100kPa的压力如果回油阀及阀座磨损、锈鉵、阀门被杂物垫起，或者回油现象，使柱塞套进油口的柴油压力下降，或者将空气吸入喷油泵，致使柴油机工作 无力甚至自动熄火⑹输油泵推杆与衬套间漏油当柱塞式输油泵推杆与衬套磨损过甚，或者推杆上密封圈损坏，泄油量会大增如果泄油孔堵塞，这部分柴油 便流入喷油泵机油池内3:防止喷油泵骨泄露的技术措施⑴加强燃油供给系统的维护保养，使用经过充分沉淀和过滤的柴油，定期放出燃油箱、沉淀杯和粗细滤清器中 的杂质和水份，并加以清洗，以减少精密偶件的磨损。
⑵正确装配喷油泵组装前，各零件一定要彻底清洗干净，严防杂质粘附在配合零件表面拆装柱塞折出油阀 偶件时，要成对地取出、安装和更换不要随意抽出柱塞，必要时做好标记，以免造成混乱，导致柱塞偶件配合间隙 过大而漏油注意不要丢失和漏装柱塞套定位螺钉下的铜垫圈要按技术手册规定的力矩（ 60N.m〜70N.m）拧紧出油阀紧座不可拧得过紧，认为是调速器安装不标准引起送回本店要求作者从头到尾亲自检查安装一遍听了用户 的反映和分析，我持怀疑态度调速器是我亲手安装，安装的尺寸和灵活度都良好但一时也说不出具体理由拆开 调速器检查，全部正常，又拉动齿杆检查，感觉有二只缸柱塞灵敏度出现滞卡现象，但不是很明显拆下柱塞一看， 发现柱塞套铜垫片变形，好象浅盘子状，又检查泵体结合面，发现有少许凹陷造成故障原因是：用户发现油管处漏 油后，在用力扳紧油管螺母前为防万一，又用力扳紧油阀紧座，压力超过铜垫片承受能力而变形，造成柱塞套跟着变曰多笔K不斗扌支音幵艮公司www _ z m 貝 xo m 一[1須形，使柱塞活动受阻而起上述故障处理办法：①检查是哪一缸柱塞有故障，松开出油阀紧座，用榔头重击一下调节齿轮，恢复柱塞垂直度，再慢慢逐步 扳紧，把扳紧力控制在允许垢范围内。
处理办法：②用剪刀剪去垫片翘起部份，重新安装，把扳紧力控制在一定范围内，上机试车、故障迎刃而解Inject ion pump leaked to produce parts and preve ntive measuresThe inject ion pump is the "heart" of the diesel engine, its role is established for diesel high pressure, and according to the engine in working order and load changes, timing, quantitative supply of diesel to the fuel pump, fuel injected into the combusti on chamber. Once the injectio n pump is an internal leak, even the high pressure and low-pressure oil line conn ected to pass, it will cause the engine start difficulties, in ability to work un til no rmal operation. Leaked diesel fuel into the lubricating oil, lubricating oil dilution. Deterioration, thus increasing the mecha ni cal wear.1: Fuel inject ion pump leak diag no stic methodThe fuel injectio n pump intern al leakage, gen erally difficult to detect with the n aked eye. If the engine difficult to start, power down, oil row to finish the air, sometimes automatically turn off, the oil or oil the end of the injection pump hous ing pla nar abno rmal elevati on of diag no sis for fuel injecti on pump intern al leakage.2: injecti on pump leaked partsDisclosure of the shoulder of the plun ger sleeve to in stall Taiwa n ⑴No gasket betwee n the plun ger inject ion pump plun ger sleeve great circle cyli nder shoulder and upper body of the oil pump, relying on a comb in ati on of the two fine process ing to achieve seali ng. This is a ring, the small size of the seali ng pla ne. Departme nt so obvious traces of the extrusi on, will cause large leak diesel, the diesel engine does not work, sometimes slow speed can barely fun cti onin g, improve the speed will be in haled air phe nomenon.Plun ger sleeve to in stall un its at the shoulder of the main squeeze traces of tight Block, torque tighte n the delivery valve is too large, the fluctuations in the stress of other work in high-pressure diesel change will accelerate here fatigue damage.⑵ plunger and the plunger between the leakThe plun ger and plun ger sleeve with the origi nal precisi on, the gap is only 0.002 ~ 0.003mm, both match ing and grinding rough surface accuracy is particularly high. In use, if the diesel fuel contains impurities and moisture, caus ing the plun ger wear or corrosi on, the gap in creases, the diesel fuel leaks, and thus can not be established for diesel high pressure.⑶ plunger set screw at the oil spillThe plunger set screw with a 1mm thick copper washers under it from sealing. If this small washer drain in stallati on, or it is fluff, rupture, the plun ger compris ing a diesel beg ins to leak locate the screws at the (4) oil valve leaks(Or nylon) when the tight seat of the outlet valve and the oil valve seat between the large end of the copper gasket. Rupture, deformation, or the oil valve end of the tight seat tighten the high pressure oil chamber of the outlet valve at the top of the bottom of the low-voltage com muni cati on, result ing in the injectio n pump can not gen erate the high-pressure diesel.⑸ oil return valve leakageThe multi-cyli nder fuel inject ion pump set oil retur n valve is desig ned to make diesel fuel pump upper level of oil duct to maintain a pressure of about 100kPa. If the oil return valve and seat wear, rust Tong, valve debris paving, or back to 。