第二部分第二部分 语法专题语法专题专题五专题五 副词副词精讲必备考点精讲必备考点◎考点五考点五 副词的固定搭配副词的固定搭配考点一考点一 副词的位置副词的位置考点二考点二 副词的种类及用法副词的种类及用法考点三考点三 副词比较级的构成及比较等级用法副词比较级的构成及比较等级用法考点四考点四 副词的词义辨析副词的词义辨析 副词用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词、介词短语或全句在句中主要作状语，还可以作表语（可用作表语的副词：in，out，on，off，up，down，over，around）、定语、宾语补足语等；主要表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念考点一 副词的位置1. 副词作状语时一般放在谓语动词之后如果谓语动词带有宾语，副词则放在宾语后面We all study hard. 我们学习都很努力He is drawing a horse carefully. 他正在认真地画一匹马2. 频度副词，如always，often，sometimes，usually等，作状语时通常放在be动词、助动词或情态动词之后，实义动词之前 He is always late for school. 他上学总是迟到。
I often go to see my grandparents on Sunday. 我经常星期天去看望祖父母3. 副词修饰整句话或强调上下句的衔接时，放在句首Suddenly he had a good idea. 突然他想到了一个好办法4．enough修饰形容词或副词时，放在所修饰词之后The boy is old enough to go to school. 这个男孩够年龄了，可以去上学了5. 当一个句子中同时出现两个时间副词时，通常表示具体时间的副词在前，表示笼统时间的副词在后I get up at seven every morning. 我每天早上七点起床 6. 当一个句子中既有时间副词也有地点副词时，通常地点副词在前，时间副词在后They are going there tomorrow. 他们打算明天去那儿典例精析】1. On June 29, 2012, China’s Shenzhou’9 spacecraft landed __________ at the main landing area in northern China’s Inner Mongolia (内蒙古). A. safeB. safelyC. safety解解析析：：三个选项都有“安全”的意思。
但修饰动词landed（着陆）只能用副词答案：B 2. — Sally, I went to the concert last night. How big the symphony (交响乐) hall is! — So it is. It is __________ to hold more than one thousand people. A.big enoughB. enough bigC. too bigD. too small答案：A解解析析：：enough作为副词修饰形容词或副词时，通常后置，故可排除B项；too big太大；too small太小根据句意可知，设空处要表达的意思是“足够大” 考点二 副词的种类及用法副词的种类及用法副词的种类及用法类别类别例词例词用法用法时间副词now, before, yesterday, tomorrow句子时态的重要标志频率副词again, never, seldom, usually, already, often, ever, sometimes多用在一般现在时的句子里地点副词there, everywhere, anywhere, home, abroad, down, near, above和动词连用时不用加介词。
类别类别例词例词用法用法程度副词rather, very, quite, almost, too, so, even, enough, much, little, half多用来修饰形容词原级，前面加even可修饰形容词比较级疑问副词 why, when, where, how常用来引导特殊疑问句连接副词how, when, where, why, whether常用来引导名词性从句其他副词also, therefore, otherwise, surely, certainly, really, of course, yes, no 【典例精析】1. The World Health Organization has given some advice on __________ to protect us from being infected (感染) with H7N9. A. howB. whatC. whereD. when解解析析：：how怎么；what什么；where哪里；when何时根据句意可知，此处应用疑问词how2. She always does very well in the English exams. But she can understand English radio programs. A. alwaysB. hardlyC. alreadyD. easily答案：答案：A。
解解析析：：always总是；hardly几乎不；already已经；easily容易地根据第二句中的but可知，考试成绩好的她却听不懂英语广播节目答案：B 考点三 副词比较级的构成及比较等级用法1. 副词的比较级、最高级的构成和形容词的比较级、最高级构成方法和用法基本相同请参见形容词比较等级用法2. 两者进行比较，表示“A不如B”时，部分双音节和多音节副词除使用“not ... as / so +副词原级 + as”结构外，还可使用“less + 副词原级 + than”结构Bill didn’t do his homework as carefully as Jim. = Bill did his homework less carefully than Jim. 比尔做作业没有吉姆认真3. 副词最高级前无定冠词Lin Tao did best in English of all. 林涛是所有人中英语学得最好的 【典例精析】1. The volunteer spoke as __________ as she could to make the visitors understand her. A.clearlyB. more clearlyC. most clearlyD. the most clearly解析：句中的as ... as之间要用副词的原级。
2. Tony is not as clever as Lucy, but he works __________ than her. A. hardB. harderC. hardestD. the hardest答案：A解解析析：：句中有比较级的标志词than，因此应用比较级形式表示两者间的比较答案：B 3. Who runs __________, Lily or Michelle? A. slowB. slowerC. slowest解析：句子是选择问句，表示在两者之间进行比较和选择故应用比较级4. We held a concert in the hall yesterday, Kate sang among the singers. A. goodB. wellC. betterD. best解析：根据among the singers可知，参赛选手在三个或三个以上，因此要用最高级答案：B答案：D 考点四 副词的词义辨析频度副词频度副词副词频度副词频度always 一直100%usually 通常80%often 经常70%sometimes 有时50%seldom 很少30% hard & hardly易混词易混词用法用法例句例句hard努力地表方式，通常位于所修饰词之后。
We should study hard as students. 作为学生，我们应该努力学习hardly几乎不表频率，通常位于所修饰词之前I can hardly catch up with you. Can you walk slowly? 我快赶不上你了你能走慢点吗？ much too & too much易混词易混词中心词中心词例句例句much too太程度副词，常用来修饰形容词或副词原级tooThe skirt is much too dear. 这件衬衣太贵了too much太多常用来修饰不可数名词muchPlease don’t eat too much ice’cream. 请不要吃太多冰激凌 too, also & either易混词易混词例句例句too也常用于肯定句句尾You are a student. I am a student, too. 你是一名学生，我也是also也常放在be动词或助动词之后，实义动词之前They are also students. 他们也是学生either也常用于否定句句尾Mum doesn’t like red. I don’t like it, either. 妈妈不喜欢红色，我也不喜欢。
already & yet易混词易混词例句例句already已经常用于肯定句句中I have already finished my homework. 我已经做完作业了yet还，仍然常用于否定句和疑问句句尾Have you finished your homework yet? 你做完作业了吗？I haven’t had lunch yet. 我还没有吃午饭 loud & loudly易混词易混词例句例句loud响亮地，大声，高声地侧重发出的音量大，传得远，多用来修饰 speak，talk，laugh 等动词；还可用作形容词Speak louder, please, or no one will hear you. 请再大声一些，否则没人能听清（你说什么）loudly高声地，喧噪地含有“喧闹、嘈杂”的意味，常与 ring，knock 等动词连用Suddenly the bell on the wall rang loudly. 突然，墙上的铃大声地响了起来 易混词易混词例句例句sometime某时指过去或将来不确定的时间We’ll meet again sometime next week. 我们将在下周的某个时间再见面。
sometimes有时可用于句首、句中或句末，在句中作状语Sometimes he went there by bus. 有时他坐公共汽车去那里some time一段时间其中的time指时间We lived in the country for some time. 我们在乡下住了一段时间some times几次，几倍其中的time指“次”或“倍”Our school is some times larger than theirs. 我们学校比他们学校大几倍sometime, sometimes, some time & some times too & enough易混词易混词用法用法例句例句too太，很，非常常用于too … to …结构，表示否定意义，意为“太……而不能……”The man is too old to look after himself. 这个人年纪太大了，不能照顾自己enough足够地，充分地常用于“形容词/副词原级 + enough to …”结 构 ， 意 为 “足 够……能……”The boy runs fast enough to win the game. 这个男孩跑得够快，能赢得比赛。
ago & before易混词易混词用法用法例句例句ago以前表示以现在为起点的“以前”，常与一般过去时连用，不可以单独使用I saw him ten minutes ago. 我十分钟之前看到过他before以前指过去或将来的某一时刻“以前”，也可泛指以前，常和完成时连用，也可以单独使用He told me that he had seen the film before. 他告诉我他以前看过这部电影 so & such易混词易混词用法用法例句例句so如此这么修饰形容词或副词My brother runs so fast that I can’t follow him. 我弟弟跑得太快了，我跟不上他修饰的形容词后可以有一个单数的可数名词，其结构是“so + 形容词 + a / an + 可数名词单数”He is so clever a boy. 他是一个如此聪明的男孩 易混词易混词用法用法例句例句so如此这么可数名词前有many，few或不可数名词前有much，little修饰时，用so不用suchso many 如此多的（修饰可数名词）so few 如此少的（修饰可数名词）so much 如此多的（修饰不可数名词）so little 如此少的（修饰不可数名词）such那么修饰名词。
He is such a boy. 他是一个这样的男孩 易混词易混词用法用法例句例句such那么可以修饰可数名词单复数形式和不可数名词，名词前可以有形容词作定语，其结构是“such + a / an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数”，“such + 形容词 + 可数名词复数/不可数名词”It is such cold weather. 这么冷的天气They are such good students. 他们是那么好的学生 now, just & just now易混词易混词用法用法例句例句now现在常与一般现在时、现在进行时连用Where does he live now? 他现在住在哪里？just刚才，恰好常与现在完成时、过去完成时连用We have just seen the film. 我们刚看过这部电影just now刚才常与过去时连用He was here just now. 他刚才在这里 【典例精析】1. — Look at the bird over there! It’s so beautiful!— Wow! It’s a rare crane (丹 顶 鹤 ). It __________ appears in this area. A. alwaysB. usuallyC. seldomD. often解析：always总是；usually通常；seldom很少；often经常。
由前半句“哇，是丹顶鹤”可知，答话人感到很惊奇，因此可以判断他们很少见到丹顶鹤答案：C 2. My friend Frank sings well, and he is __________ good at playing guitar.A. notB. alsoC. yetD. too 解析：not否定词；其余各项皆为“也”，但also和too用于肯定句，并且also多用于句中，too多用于句尾；yet用于否定句和疑问句，多用于句尾第一个分句为肯定句，因此排除A、C两项；又设空处位于句中，因此用also 答案：B 3. — Look! There is a big river. Let’s swim in it!— No, I think it’s __________ dangerous. A.much tooB. too muchC. too manyD. much more解析：much too太，程度副词，用于修饰形容词或副词；too much太多，多用来修饰不可数名词；too many太多，多用来修饰可数名词复数；much more多得多而句中的被修饰词dangerous为形容词，因此用much too。
答案：A 4. The 3D Titanic is a moving film. My parents have seen it twice __________. A. yetB. alreadyC. neverD. almost5. Don’t talk __________. Your grandmother is sleeping now. A. loudB. hardlyC. loudlyD. hard解析：yet还，常用于否定句和疑问句句尾；already已经，多用于肯定句中；never从不；almost几乎根据句意“3D版《泰坦尼克号》很感人，我的父母已经看了两次了”可知，用already 答案：B解析：根据句意可知，大声交谈会影响到奶奶，因此用loudly 答案：C 考点五 副词的固定搭配常考副词词组常考副词词组词组词组意义意义at first首先，起初after all 毕竟again and again 一再as ... as 和……一样not so / as ... as不如……as usual 和平常一样ever since 自从in (the) future 将来so far 到目前为止at present 目前 词组词组意义意义at least 至少at last 最后at once 立刻，马上right away 立刻，马上 。