八年级英语重点语法分析习水县三岔河乡中学 袁平一.时态一、一般现在时：表示现在的状态, 例如:He’s twelve. (2)表示经常性的或习惯性的动作,例如:I go to school every day. (3)表示主语具备的性格和能力, 例如:She likes apple.常与often, usually, sometimes, always, every day等表示经常性的或习惯性的时间状语连用.1. 肯定句结构: (1) 行为动词:a. 第一、二人称,复数人称: They/We/You+动词原形... 例如:They go to school every day.b.第三人称单数: He/She/It+动词-s/es… 例如:Lily often likes singing. (2)系动词(be): I am... They/We/You are… He/She/It is… 2.否定句结构: (1) 行为动词: a. 第一、二人称,复数人称: They/We/You+don’t+动词原形... 例如:They don’t go to school every day.b.第三人称单数:He/She/It+doesn’t +动词原形… 例如:Lily doesn’t like singing.(2)系动词(be): 在is/am/are后加not 例如:I am not a worker.3. 一般疑问句结构:a. 第一、二人称,复数人称: Do+they/we/you+动词原形... 例如:Do they go to school every day? （Yes, they do. No, they don’t.）b.第三人称单数: Does +he/she/iIt+动词原形… 例如: Does Lily often like singing? (Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t.) (2)系动词(be):把is/am/are提在主语前. 例如:Are you a worker? (Yes, I am. No, I’m not.)二.现在进行时: 表示现在正在进行的动作或发生的事情.常与now, look…, listen…等表示现在状态的时间状语连用.1.肯定句结构: 主语+is/am/are+动词-ing…例如: The boys are playing football now. 2.否定句结构: 在is/am/are后加not例如: The boys aren’t playing football now.3. 一般疑问句结构: 把is/am/are提在主语前. 例如: Are the boys playing football now? (Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.)三.一般过去时:表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态.常与yesterday…, last…, …ago, in1990等表示过去状态的时间状语连用.1. 肯定句结构:(1) 行为动词: 主语+动词的过去式…例如: The twins went to school two hours ago. (2) 系动词(be): I/ He/She/It+was… They/We/You+were… 例如: I was at home last night.2.否定句结构:(1) 行为动词: 主语+didn’t+动词原形…例如: The twins didn’t go to school two hours ago.(2)系动词(be): 在was/were后加not例如: I wasn’t at home last night.3. 一般疑问句结构:(1) 行为动词: Did+主语+动词原形…?例如: Did the twins go to school two hours ago? (Yes, they did. No, they didn’t.)(2)系动词(be): 把was/were提在主语前.例如: Were you at home last night? (Yes, I was. No, I was’t.)四.一般将来时: 表示将来某时将要发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作.常与tomorrow…, next…等表示将来状态的时间状语连用.1. 肯定句结构: (1)用于书面语: 主语+will+动词…例如: We will come to see you tomorrow (2)用于口语: 主语+am/is/are going to+动词…例如: Tom is going to see his uncle next Sunday.2.否定句结构:(1)用于书面语: 在will后加not例如: We won’t come to see you tomorrow. (will not=won’t) (2)用于口语: 在is/am/are后加not.例如: Tom isn’ going to see his uncle next Sunday.3. 一般疑问句结构:(1)用于书面语: 把will提在主语前.例如: Will you come to see you tomorrow? (Yes, we will. No, we won’t.)(2)用于口语: 把is/am/are提在主语前.例如: Is Tom going to see his uncle next Sunday? (Yes, he is. No, he isn’t.)二、态动词: can(能，会)， may（可以，可能，也许）， must(必须，一定，应该） have to（必须，不得不）1. 肯定句结构: 主语+can/may/must+动词…例如: I must go now.2.否定句结构: 在can/may/must后加not. 例如: I mustn’t go now.3. 一般疑问句结构: 把can/may/must提在主语前. Must you go now? (Yes, I must. No, I needn’t.) May I open the window? (Yes, you may. No, you needn’t.)三、ad better+动词原形，表示“最好干……”，变否定句时在had better后加not.例如:You had better catch a bus. You’d better not catch a bus. (You had= You’d ) 四、词不定式：want /forget /remember /would like /go + to + 动词原形… 例如: I want to get back my book.. Lucy went to see his mother last night.五、问句的变换：对划线部分提问时，将划线部分去掉，剩下部分变一般疑问句语序。
对主语提问例外）例如: My name is Lily. What’s your name? The river is 500 kilometres. Hong long is the river?六、一般疑问句变化口诀：1、有be提be, 有情”提“情”，无“情”无be,借用“do\does\did”2、肯定yes否定no3。