精品文档，仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除Lesson 40 Who's who真假难辨New words and expression 生词和短语hoax [həʊks] n.骗局，戏弄 （v. 捉弄，欺骗）（小孩说“狼来了”）（A false warning of danger, mischievous trick played on sb for a joke）play a hoax/trick on sb. 戏弄play a joke on sb. 开玩笑 The boy student is thinking how to play a hoax on his classmate.a bomb hoax 声称有炸弹的骗局hoax call : a telephone call that gives false information 骗局eg. Dickey’s private collection of modern paintings was nothing but a hoax.coax [kəʊks] v.(耐心地)说服 （vt. 哄；哄诱；慢慢将…弄好vi. 哄骗；劝诱）（to persuade sb to do sth that one is not willing to do by talking to him in a kind, gentle, and patient way）coax sb into doing sthcoax sb out of doing sth eg. The mother coaxed the baby into a sound sleep.fool n/v （n. 傻瓜，愚人vt. 欺骗，愚弄，戏弄vi. 开玩笑，犯傻）make a fool of sb愚弄某人，欺骗某人eg. He is no fool. eg. Their strong accent couldn’t fool a native speaker. 当地人一听就知道他们是外地的。
trick n./v.1) 戏法，把戏，圈套magic trick 魔术2）诡计，圈套，恶作剧play a trick on sb 对某人搞恶作剧a dirty trick/a rotten trick 恶意的玩笑trick sb into doing sth 骗，坑（to deceive someone in order to get sth from him or to make him do sth）eg. Mum tricked me into taking the medicine.trick sb out of stheg. The corporation was tricked out of $20 million.deception [dɪ'sepʃ(ə)n] n.欺骗，骗局（指无关紧要的欺骗，有时也指利已的不诚实行为）She referred to the pills as sweet, so the harmless deception made it easy for her child to take them.deceit [dɪ'si:t] 强调一个人对另一个的故意欺骗（指歪曲实情，惯于说谎或蓄意欺骗。
We are incapable of deceit.fraud 一般用于犯罪行为的欺骗，通常指政治或经济活动中的舞弊行为trickery 语气上比deception严厉，着重指有步骤的诡计以追求私利He had gained control of the company by trickery.deceive [dɪ'si:v] v. 欺骗；行骗deceive 表示隐瞒真相或以假相骗人如：The boy deceived the teacher by lying.cheat 欺骗，常用词，主要指为了自己的利益欺骗人trick 哄骗，表示耍手段进行欺骗，强调在行骗时使用计策，有时也指并非出于恶意的欺骗如：Tom cleverly tricked his mother into approval.self-respecting a.自重的self-taught adj.自学的self-confidence 自信 ←→ self-distrust 不自信eg. Worry, fear, self-distrust忧虑，恐惧和不自信self-reliant [rɪ'laɪənt] adj. 自力的 reliant 依赖的; 依靠的（rely的形容词） be reliant on reliable adj. 可靠的；可信赖的self-contained 独立自足的（do not need help or resources from outside.）；设施独立的（独门独户的指毋须与他人共享厨房、厕所等)） 注意：独立自主是 independenta self-contained flat 独立的公寓self-sacrifice 自我牺牲indulge [ɪn'dʌldʒ] v.使沉迷（to let yourself do or have sth that you enjoy, especially sth that is considered bad for you）（1、做某事或者于某物，2、引出对象的介词用in）indulge oneself in尽情享用，沉溺于== be indulged inHe was indulged in smoking and drinking. He indulged himself in smoking and drinking.indulge的第二个语义是“纵容”“迁就”(spoil)（中国话 惯孩子）She indulges her only son.abandon oneself to sth 放纵，放肆，尽情（to feel an emotion so strongly that you let it control you completely）eg. He abandon himself to grief 他不胜悲痛。
恣意，忘情）abandon oneself to alcohol 酗酒take to sb/take to doing sth attend to照看，照料1)like sb/doing sth 开始喜欢上…eg. He took to her at the first sight.2)to start doing sth as a habit 开始有…习惯，开始上瘾eg. All this bad news is enough to make him take to drinking. 就这个坏消息足以让他借酒消愁eg. I have taken to getting up at 6 and going jogging.pneumatic [nju:'mætɪk] a.气动的（2、充气的）（worked or driven by compressed air）pneumatic drill 风钻pneumatic tires 充气轮胎pneumatic pump 气泵pneumatic brake 空气制动器 ; 电动气动制动器 ; 气闸 ; 气刹pneumonia [nju:'məʊnɪə] 肺炎 atypical pneumonia [eɪ'tɪpɪk(ə)l; æ-] 非典型的 drill n.钻 （n. 训练；钻孔机；钻子；播种机；演习(操练) vi. 钻孔，钻探；训练vt. 钻孔；训练；条播）drill 侧重进行有系统的，严格和重复的练习 （消防演习a fire drill 军事演习a military drill）training 普通用词，泛指为从事某种职业而进行的身体或智力方面的训练。
practice 指把所学的理论或知识用于实践以获得技艺与技巧exercise 主要指为强壮体魄而进行的锻炼，也可指进行练习以保持已经获得的技巧pneumatic drill气钻 参考水钻（高压水枪，金属可以切割） 广泛用应用于家电制造，房屋装修，汽车船舶制造，航空航天工业制造及维修行业，功率大,无火花,在高瓦斯矿井中，尤其能体现其安全性silly a.无意义的，无聊的1) not sensible 愚昧的，愚蠢的，不明智的a silly thing to do做了一件蠢事，说了一句蠢话 /a silly thing to sayeg. I left my keys at home, which was a pretty silly thing to do.2) 无聊的，没有意义的play a silly joke on sb 同某人开无聊的玩笑3) not practical 不实用的foolish 强调愚蠢的，笨的，不明智的 I remonstrated him not to do anything foolish.Silly 表示无意义的，无聊的，无知的 Being called silly is not compliment. Don't play such a silly play.stupid 强调人及言行缺乏良好的判断力，及一般的智能（主要指天生迟钝） His son is as stupid as all.dull 指理解迟钝，或健康状况不佳、工作过度而导致的缺乏敏锐的头脑 The old man's hearing has become dull. She is a dull girl.表示人很呆advance a.n.预先的，事先获得的advance information 预先获得的信息/ in advance 提前v./n./ adj.1) to move forward 向前eg. The troops advanced on the enemy. 部队朝敌军开进。
2)to develop and improve 发展，提升eg. A month has passed and the investigation has not advanced. 一个月过去了,调查毫无进展3) give someone money before they have earned it 预支（薪水）eg. He begged his boss to advance him a salary for a month.in advance ; before, beforehandbook a table in advanceahead of time/ahead of schedule 提前(earlier than planned)make preparations in advance 预先做好准备/make preparations in anticipationadvance adj. given or made in advanceadvance planning 预先计划 advance warning 预先警告 advance booking 预定advance payment 预付款 advance information 事先通报 ad。