Specialized English for AutomobileAutomobile Sales and After Service 5.1 Greetings 招呼客户The unit aims to enable students to :nGreet customersnKeep a conversation goingnFind out needs of customers分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标 Teaching objective Teaching objective Teaching objective分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标 The method of approach The method of approach The method of approachnDiscussing, listening, reading, presenting and role-playing by the students;nExplanation and demonstration by the teachers;nAfter-class research and practice by the students. Dialogue 1A: Welcome to our shop. Can I help you?B: Yes. Can you tell me where the car?A: Sure, I’ll show you. Dialogue 2A: Good afternoon, madam. Are you being helped?B: No, I’m just looking.A: Ok, then. Please tell me if you need any help. Dialogue 3A: Good morning , sir! Can I help you?B: No, thanks. I can look by myself.A: Please take your time. Dialogue 4A: Feel free to ask any questions, please.B: Ok, I will. Thanks.A: You’re welcome Words and Phraseswelcome [‘welkəm] adj. 受欢迎的；可喜的；不受欢迎的；可喜的；不必感谢的必感谢的, , 不必客气的不必客气的help [help] vt. 帮助；辅助；援助帮助；辅助；援助show [∫əu] vt. 给给......看；展出；显示；出示；陈看；展出；显示；出示；陈列列 NotesuWelcome to our shop. 表示欢迎光临。
用于接待客户的场合uGood morning. 招呼用语用于较客气的场合u I can look by myself. 我可以自己看看uPlease take your time. 请您慢慢看uFeel free to ask any questions, please. 有什么事可以随时问我uYou’re welcome. 不客气 Related Links您和顾客说的第一句话可以是您和顾客说的第一句话可以是: :Can I help you?May I help you?What can I do for you?Can I help you find anything ?Are you being helped?Is anyone helping you?Do you need a hand finding something?Have you been taken care of ? 5.2 Introduction of New Model 车款推介车款推介The unit aims to enable students to :nDescribe different cars;nKeep a conversation going with customers; andnLearn some useful words and expressions分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标 Teaching objective Teaching objective Teaching objective分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标 The method of approach The method of approach The method of approachnDiscussing, listening, reading, presenting and role-playing by the students;nExplanation and demonstration by the teachers;nAfter-class research and practice by the students. Dialogue 1A: May I recommend one car for you, sir?B: Yes, I want to buy a car for my son. Could you introduce one for me?A: No problem. How do you like this one, Land Rover Discovery 3? It’s a best seller.B: Oh, it looks nice.A: Yes. I bet you’ll like it more after my introduction. It’s Power Steering with Alloy Wheels, Cruise Control, 4 Wheel Drive.B: Very good. Could you tell me more about the specification of this model?A: Sure. As you can see it’s of sports utility body style with Green exterior, 4.0 Liter V6 engine.B: I think my son will like it. What’s the price?A:￥890,000.00B: It’s two expensive. Any discount?A: Yes. You can get 10 percent discount.B: Good. I’ll take it. Dialogue 2A: Let me show you one car. Please follow me, sir.B: Ok!A: What do you think about our new model 2008 Toyota Voiz?B: Oh, it looks good. But I’d like to know something about its feature.A: It’s auto transmission and front engine front drive. Let me tell you more specification. The engine, 1.6 liter L4. The price is ￥10,970.00. I think it’s quite a good car.B: Yes, I think so. But I’d like to look around and make a decision after seeing some other models.A: Sure. Dialogue 3A: Are you interested in our new model? Would you like to know more about it?B: Yes, I would. But does it have auto transmission and Anti-lock Brakes?A: Yes, of course. And also with the other safety features such as four air bags, Electronic Differential System, front bumper etc. .B: Perfect, I love it. I think I’ll take this one.A: thank you. Dialogue 4A: Miss lee, what’s your favorite? What about this one?B: It’s beautiful. What’s the model?A: It’s our new model Suzuki Swift. It sells well.B: Would you tell me more about its feature?A: OK. The engine, 1.3 liter L4. There are many colors for its exterior .White, black, pink ,brown and so on. B: Pink? Wonderful! I think it fits me very much. I’ll take it.A: Thank you. Words and Phrases1. recommend [rekə'mend] vt. 推荐，介绍；劝告，建议；使可接受，使可欢迎推荐，介绍；劝告，建议；使可接受，使可欢迎2. introduce [͵intrə'dju:s] vt. 介绍；带领；引进输入；采用介绍；带领；引进输入；采用3. bet [bet] vt. 打赌打赌4. introduction [͵intrə'dʌk∫ən] n. 介绍，传入，初步，导言，绪论，入门介绍，传入，初步，导言，绪论，入门5. steer [stiə] vt. 引导，驾驶，航行，引导，驾驶，航行， 控制控制6. alloy ['ælɔi] n. 合金合金7. cruise [kru:z] n. (军舰等军舰等)巡逻，巡航；游览巡逻，巡航；游览 Words and Phrases8. dirve [draɪv] vt. 开车，驱赶，推动、发动（机器等），驾驶（马车、汽车）开车，驱赶，推动、发动（机器等），驾驶（马车、汽车）等等9. specification [͵spesifi'kei∫ən] n. 详述，规格，说明书，规范详述，规格，说明书，规范10. utility [ju:'tiliti] n. 效用，有用效用，有用11. exterior [eks'tiəriə] n. 外部，表面，外貌外部，表面，外貌12. feature ['fi:t∫ə] n. 面貌的一部分（眼、口、鼻等）特征，容貌，特色，特写面貌的一部分（眼、口、鼻等）特征，容貌，特色，特写13. transmission [trænz'mi∫ən] n. 播送，发射，传动，传送，传输，转播播送，发射，传动，传送，传输，转播14. decision [di'siӡən] n. 决定，决心，决议，结果，果断，坚定决定，决心，决议，结果，果断，坚定 Notesurecommend something for somebody 向某人介绍某物ubest seller 卖的好uWhat’s the price? 价钱是多少?uYou can get 10 percent discount. 您可以得到5%的折扣。
我们可以给您打9.5折uWhat do you think about… 您觉得……怎么样？ulook around 周围/四处看看umake a decision 下决定uWould you like to know more about it? 您想对此了解更多吗？uAnti-lock Brakes 防抱死制动ufour air bags 四气囊uElectronic Differential System 电控差速器ufront bumper 前保险杠 Related Links您看这辆怎么样您看这辆怎么样? ?How about this one?What do you think of this one?How do you like this one? 5.3 Negotiation of Price 价格讨论价格讨论The unit aims to enable students to :nLearn to talk about ways of negotiating the price;nKeep a conversation going with customers; andnLearn some useful words and expressions分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标 Teaching objective Teaching objective Teaching objective分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标 The method of approach The method of approach The method of approachnDiscussing, listening, reading, presenting and role-playing by the students;nExplanation and demonstration by the teachers;nAfter-class research and practice by the students. Dialogue 1A: What’s the price for this new model 550?B: it’s 189,800 Yuan.A: Oh, it’s a bit expensive for me. I’d like it very much. Can you give me a discount?B: Well, this is the newest model and very popular. I think it’s worth the price.A: Ok, I’ll take it. Dialogue 2A: it’s nice .What’s the price?B: 138.800 Yuan.A: Can you come down a little bit? I can’t afford it.B: Ok, 130,000 Yuan. This is the best price I can offer you.A: Ok, I’ll take it. Dialogue 3A: We can offer a 15% discount for orders over 15 000 pieces.B: 15 000? I’m not sure we can use that many. A: you could save a lot of money.B: Ok, I’ll see what I can do. Dialogue 4A: Please give me a better price.B: I’ll make a special price for you if you would order a little more.A: How could we do that?B: We offer a discount for large orders.A: I see. I order 10 000 pieces. How much?B: Well, I will give you 15 percent off. That’s 85,000 Yuan. Words and Phrases1. discount ['diskaunt] n. 折扣；【商】贴现，贴现率折扣；【商】贴现，贴现率2. worth [wə:θ] adj. 值，相等于值，相等于...的价值；值得的价值；值得...的，有的，有...的价值的的价值的3. afford [ə'fɔ:d] vt. 担负得起费用担负得起费用(损失、后果等损失、后果等)，花费得起，经受得住，花费得起，经受得住4. offer ['ɔfə] vt. 提供，出价，贡献，使出现，企图，演出提供，出价，贡献，使出现，企图，演出5. piece [pi:s] n. [用作量词用作量词]一片一片[块，张，段，枝，个，幅，项，件块，张，段，枝，个，幅，项，件]6. save [seiv] vt. 解救，保存，保全，保留，节省，储蓄解救，保存，保全，保留，节省，储蓄 NotesuCan you give me a discount? 你能给我打个折吗？uit’s worth the price. 物有所值ucome down a little bit 便宜些uThis is the best price I can offer you. 这是我能给您的最低价了。
ularge orders 大量订货 Related Links能便宜点儿吗能便宜点儿吗? ?Could I have a lower price?Can you give me a better price?Could you come down a little bit?Could I have it cheaper?Can you reduce the price? Related Links对不起，恐怕不行（不能便宜）对不起，恐怕不行（不能便宜）Sorry, I’m afraid not.Sorry, I can’t.Sorry, I’m afraid I can’t. Related Links您想出多少钱您想出多少钱? ?How much do you want to spend?What price do you have in mind?How much do you like to pay? Related Links您您有有××卡吗？卡吗？Do you have a membership card?您有会员卡吗？您有会员卡吗？Do you have a VIP card?您有贵宾卡吗？您有贵宾卡吗？Do you have a discount card?您有打折卡吗？您有打折卡吗？ 5.4 Terms of Payment 支付方式The unit aims to enable students to :nGet to know and talk about payment; nKeep a conversation going with customers; andnLearn some useful words and expressions分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标 Teaching objective Teaching objective Teaching objective分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标 The method of approach The method of approach The method of approachnDiscussing, listening, reading, presenting and role-playing by the students;nExplanation and demonstration by the teachers;nAfter-class research and practice by the students. Dialogue 1A: How would you like to pay?B: Well, do you accept credit cards or I should pay in cash?A: Yes, either is OK. And you can pay by installment. The first installment should be paid now. it’s 40,000 Yuan. Then you should pay 475 Yuan on monthly in 20 months.B: Oh, that’s very good. I can’t pay so much money one time. Now I’ll pay the first installment by credit cards.A: Thank you … Please sign here. B: OK.A: Here is your receipt and credit card slip. Dialogue 2A: Let discuss the terms of payment.B: Yes. But is it OK I pay by Banker’s Transfer?A: Sorry, I’m afraid not. We accept payments in cash or by credit card only.B: Oh, I don’t think I have enough cash with me and I have no credit card.A: We have installment payment that can help you. The down payment is 1/4 of the price.B: That’s great. I’ll pay the down payment now.A: Ok. The down payment is 100,000 Yuan. B: Here is the money.A: Thank you. Here is your receipt. Dialogue 3A: It comes up to 140,000 Yuan,.B: Do you accept credit cards?A: Sorry, I’m afraid not. There is something wrong with the machine. Would you pay by cash?B: Oh, I don’t think I have enough cash with me. Where is the bank nearby?A: Yes. You will see one on the left out of the door. So close.B: Thank you …B: Here is the money.A: Thank you. Here is your receipt. Dialogue 4A: How do you like to pay?B: I’ve one proposal to make on the mode of payment?A: What’s it?B: Our business is concluded by way of L/C. Frankly speaking, a letter of credit will raise the costs of my goods. I heard you would accept different kinds of payments ?A: That’s true. But we can’t do it. Payment by L/C is our usual practice of doing business.B: Would you consider another way of payment? Otherwise I would probably stop the business.A: OK. I’ll think about that and talk to you later. Words and Phrases1. credit ['kredit] n. 信任，信用，声望，荣誉，【财务】贷方，银行存信任，信用，声望，荣誉，【财务】贷方，银行存款款2. cash [kæ∫] n. 现金现金3. installment [in'stɔ:lmənt] n. 部分部分4. sign [sain] vt. 签名，打手势表达签名，打手势表达5. receipt [ri'si:t] n. 收条，收据收条，收据6. term [tə:m] n. 学期，期限，期间，条款，条件，术语学期，期限，期间，条款，条件，术语 Words and Phrases7. payment ['peimənt] n. 付款，支付，报酬，偿还，报应，惩罚付款，支付，报酬，偿还，报应，惩罚8. proposal [prə'pəuzəl] n. 提议，建议提议，建议9. conclude [kən'klu:d] vi. 结束，终止，决定，作出结论结束，终止，决定，作出结论 vt. 推断，推断，断定，缔结，议定断定，缔结，议定10. frankly ['fræŋkli] adv. 真诚地，坦率地真诚地，坦率地11. practice ['præktis] n. 实行，实践，实际，惯例，习惯，练习，实习，实行，实践，实际，惯例，习惯，练习，实习，开业开业 NotesuHow would you like to pay? 请问您怎么付款？ucredit cards 信用卡upay in cash 以现金支付upay by installment 分期付款uPlease sign here 请在这里签字uLet discuss the terms of payment . 让我们来讨论一下支付方式吧。
uBanker’s Transfer 银行汇款 NotesuThe down payment is 1/4 of the price 订金是售价的1/4ucomes up to 总共uby way of L/C 以信用证方式（支付）uFrankly speaking 坦白地说uraise the costs of 提高……的成本udifferent kinds of payments 不同种类的支付方式 Related Links总共是总共是××××元Altogether ×× yuan, please.It/ That’s ×× yuan in all.The total (price)is ×× yuan.It/ That amounts to ×× yuan.It/ That comes up to ×× yuan.They add up to ×× yuan. Related Links我们接受我们接受×××××× 付款We accept/ take cash. 我们接受现金付款我们接受现金付款 We accept/ take credit card. 我们接受信用卡付款。
我们接受信用卡付款We accept/ take foreign currency. 我们接受外币付我们接受外币付款accept/ take US dollars. 我们接受美元付款我们接受美元付款 9.5 Appointment 维修预约维修预约The unit aims to enable students to :nBe more confident when answering the phone; nImprove their ability to make a good impression on the phone;nLearn some useful words and expressions to use when answering the phone.分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标 Teaching objective Teaching objective Teaching objective分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标 The method of approach The method of approach The method of approachnDiscussing, listening, reading, presenting and role-playing by the students;nExplanation and demonstration by the teachers;nAfter-class research and practice by the students. Dialogue A: Good morning. This is maintenance reception, Teng Da Automobile company. What can I do for you?B: Yes, this is Mr. Tang. I’d like to make an appointment to repair my car this week.A: Well, let’s see. I’m afraid it is fully booked on Monday and TuesdayB: How about Thursday?A: Sorry, but I have to say that it is fully booked on Thursday too. So, will Wednesday be O.K. for you, Mr. Tang?B: I have to work on Wednesday. By the way, is it available on Saturday?.A: Saturday. Let me have a check. Oh, great. It will be available on Saturday afternoon this week.B: That’s fine. Thank you, I’ll come then. Words and Phrases1. maintenance ['meintinəns] n. 维持；保持；维修；维持；保持；维修； 保养；维修保养费保养；维修保养费用；生计用；生计2. reception [ri'sep∫ən] n. 接见；接待；欢迎；接纳，承认接见；接待；欢迎；接纳，承认3. appointment [ə'pɔintmənt] n. 任命，选派；约会，约定，预约任命，选派；约会，约定，预约4. available [ə'veiləbl] adj. 可以得到的，可达到的，可用的；有用的，可以得到的，可达到的，可用的；有用的，有效的有效的5. check [t∫ek] vt. 检验，校对，核算检验，校对，核算 NotesuWhat can I do for you? 我能帮您什么忙吗？umake an appointment 预约ulet’s see. 我看一看。
uit is fully booked. 已经预约满了uHow about…？ ……怎么样？uBy the way 顺便问一下uhave a check 核查一下 Related LinksI’d like to make an appointment to repair my car. 我想预约个时间修理一下我的车我想预约个时间修理一下我的车Could I make an appointment to repair my car this week? 我能不能预约这周修理一下我的车？我能不能预约这周修理一下我的车？sometime this week 这个星期随便什么时候这个星期随便什么时候Either on Wednesday or Thursday.星期三或星期四都可以星期三或星期四都可以Would it be possible to repair my car tomorrow? 明天能修理一下我的车吗明天能修理一下我的车吗? 5.6 Maintenance Reception 维修接待维修接待The unit aims to enable students to :nDevelop their ability to talk about the wrongs of cars ; nImprove ability to make a good conversation with customers;nLearn some useful words and expressions.分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标 Teaching objective Teaching objective Teaching objective分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标 The method of approach The method of approach The method of approachnDiscussing, listening, reading, presenting and role-playing by the students;nExplanation and demonstration by the teachers;nAfter-class research and practice by the students. DialogueRepairman: Nice to you, Mr. Tang. I’m in charge of repairing your car.Customer: Nice to you.Repairman: what’s the matter with your car?Customer: I think something must be wrong with the engine because there is always a noise when I drive the car.Repairman: Oh, the piston is worn out by use.Repairman: I’m so sorry to have caused you so much inconvenience and I have to replace it. Let me have a look at your warranty certificate?Customer: Here it is.To be continuedTo be continued DialogueCustomer: Here it is.Repairman: Well, your warranty is expired. We have to charge for the parts.Customer: That’s all right, We’re dying for the normal work condition at any expense.Several minutes later, the repairman replaced the wrong unit.Repairman: it’s ok, you can drive the engine.Customer: OK. That’s very great, there is no noise. Thank you very much.Repairman: It’s my pleasure. Words and Phrases1. piston ['pistən] n. 【机】活塞，柱塞【机】活塞，柱塞2. inconvenience [͵inkən'vi:njəns] n. 不方便，不自由；为难之处，麻烦的事不方便，不自由；为难之处，麻烦的事3. replace [ri(:)'pleis] vt. 代替，取代代替，取代(by, with)；； 接替，替换接替，替换4. warranty ['wɔrənti] n. 保证保证(书书)；【律】；【律】(商品等的商品等的)保单保单5. certificate [sə'tifikit] n. 证证(明明)书，执照，文凭；单据，证券书，执照，文凭；单据，证券6. expire [iks'paiə,eks-] vi. 满满[到到]期，届满；断气，死，熄灭期，届满；断气，死，熄灭7. unit ['ju:nɪt] n. 个体，个体，(计量计量)单位，单位，(军队的军队的)部队单位部队单位 NotesuNice to you. 见到您很高兴。
uin charge of 负全责, 经管, 照顾uwhat’s the matter with … ……出了什么问题？ uworn out 用坏, 克服, 消磨, 疲劳uwarranty certificate 保修单ucharge for 收费uat any expense 任何代价uIt’s my pleasure. 不客气，这是我的荣幸 Related LinksWhat’s up?什么问题？什么问题？It is due to damage on land.是由于路上碰撞是由于路上碰撞Would you please first of all state the facts. .你能先给我们说说具体情况吗？你能先给我们说说具体情况吗？We are really distressed to learn that it has caused you so much inconvenience.得知给您带来诸多不便我们深感不安得知给您带来诸多不便我们深感不安We assure you of our best service at all times.我们保证向您随时提供最佳服务。
我们保证向您随时提供最佳服务 Related LinksMay it will take a bit longer time.时间还需长些时间还需长些We spare no efforts in endeavoring to be of service to you.我们不遗余力为您效劳我们不遗余力为您效劳Anyway, we’ll look into it and check how to make it good.不管怎么样，看一看怎么来补救不管怎么样，看一看怎么来补救If there is anything we can do to help you, we shall be more than pleased to do so .您若有所需，我们一定尽力效劳您若有所需，我们一定尽力效劳But in this case, they have failed to live up to their high demand.但在这种情况下，没有达到他们的要求但在这种情况下，没有达到他们的要求 5.7 Users' Feedback 用户反馈用户反馈The unit aims to enable students to :nDevelop their ability to make a good impression to customers;nImprove ability to make a good conversation with customers;nLearn some useful words and expressions.分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标 Teaching objective Teaching objective Teaching objective分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标 The method of approach The method of approach The method of approachnDiscussing, listening, reading, presenting and role-playing by the students;nExplanation and demonstration by the teachers;nAfter-class research and practice by the students. Dialogue Salesman: Hello, this is Teng Da Automobile Company. I’m calling to know whether everything has gone well with your car’s engine.Customer: Thanks a lot. It works excellently after being repaired.Salesman: I’m very happy to hear you say so and I do hope the minor problem didn’t cause you much inconvenience.Customer: Thank you very much for your good service. I’m sure your company will be making more money.Salesman: It is always our policy to give reliable and satisfactory services to our clients. Let’s find out what you like by doing a market research and it will give us an indication.Customer: OK, I feel the opening time of your company is too short that I have to repair my car at weekend. Dialogue Salesman: It’s a good suggestion. I’ll report to the manager right now!Customer: I recommend the opening time is from 8:00 AM to 10:00 PM. Salesman: Thank you for your warm-hearted reply. I believe we’ll do the best in the future.Customer: It’s just my own opinion, I’d like you to think it over.Salesman: We’ll go into it further, and let you know what decision we reach.Customer: I shall be glad to hear from you.Salesman: Thank you very much, bye-bye!Customer: See you later. Words and Phrases1. excellently ['eksələntli] adv. 优良地，杰出地，出色地优良地，杰出地，出色地2. minor ['mainə] adj. 较小的，较少的较小的，较少的3. policy ['pɔlisi] n. 政策，方针，策略，保险单政策，方针，策略，保险单4. reliable [ri'laiəbl] adj. 可靠的，可信赖的，确实的可靠的，可信赖的，确实的5. satisfactory [͵sætis'fæktəri] adj. 令人满意的令人满意的(to)，，圆满的，良好的；符合要求圆满的，良好的；符合要求的的6. indication [͵indi'kei∫ən] n. 指示，象征，暗示指示，象征，暗示7. suggestion [sə'dӡest∫ən] n. 建议，提议，意见建议，提议，意见8. reply [ri'plai] n. 答复，回答，答辩答复，回答，答辩9. opinion [ə'pinjən] n. 意见意见,，看法，评价，主张，看法，评价，主张 Notesumarket research 市场调查uwarm-hearted 热情的uthink it over 考虑一下ugo into it further 深入uSee you later. 再见。
uLet’s find out what the customer likes by doing a market research. 我们做个市场调查看一看顾客的喜好 Related LinksHow did you find that last lot of damper? 你认为上一批减震器如何？你认为上一批减震器如何？Now what’s the problem with the latest lot exactly? 最近这批货究竟出了什么问题？最近这批货究竟出了什么问题？Business hasn’t been very brisk in our line recently. 我们最近的生意不是很好我们最近的生意不是很好I think I’d better make a detailed investigation. 我想我可以做一个详细的调查我想我可以做一个详细的调查One reason is, that the market has been sluggish. Another reason is too many suppliers. 原因之一是市场已经疲软，另一个原因是供应商太多了。
原因之一是市场已经疲软，另一个原因是供应商太多了 Related LinksHow do you account for that? No demand or over-stock? 你认为是什么原因呢？是没有需要呢，还是库存太多呢？你认为是什么原因呢？是没有需要呢，还是库存太多呢？ Without any doubt, appearance comes before price. 外观比价格更重要，那是不容置疑的外观比价格更重要，那是不容置疑的Please write your name, address and phone number in the form. 请在这张表格上写上您的名字、地址和号码请在这张表格上写上您的名字、地址和号码It’ll give us an idea at least and we will do some adapting based on research. 至少会给我们一定的启示，并且在调查的基础上我们可以做一些相应的至少会给我们一定的启示，并且在调查的基础上我们可以做一些相应的调整 9.8 Reply for Customers' Complaints 接受顾客投诉接受顾客投诉The unit aims to enable students to :nDevelop skills to make and deal with complaints; nLearn how to keep a customer happy;nLearn some useful words and expressions.分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标 Teaching objective Teaching objective Teaching objective分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标 The method of approach The method of approach The method of approachnDiscussing, listening, reading, presenting and role-playing by the students;nExplanation and demonstration by the teachers;nAfter-class research and practice by the students. Dialogue Manager: Hello, This is Sales Department, Teng Da Automobile Company.Customer: I’m afraid I have to make a complain with your corporation. It’s a most unpleasant incident.Manager: Oh, what is it about? I’m so sorry to hear that.Customer: Yes, I ordered Wiper Washes the other day. I received and after I examined them one by one, I found that there must be something wrong with the Wiper Wash because the one can’t work. That’s why I want to see the manager.Manager: I am sure every thing is all right with that shipment. You see I know you’re our regular customer and it is the first time for me to meet with such an inconvenient thing. Dialogue Customer: I want to return them.Manager: Without sufficient evidence to support, your claim is untenable. If we were at fault, we should be very glad to compensate for your loss.Customer: What’s your opinion?Manager: I’m terribly sorry about that. You can send it to us. We’ll test it. If it’s definite our fault, We’ll compensate for your loss.Customer: OK. I hope to hear form you as soon as possible.Several days later, the manager calls the customer back.Manager: Hello, This is Sales Department, Teng Da Automobile Company.Customer: Hello. Dialogue Manager: I’m so sorry to have caused you so much inconvenience. There is something wrong with the Wiper Wash that you sent to us. I think it’s evidently broken through careless handling. What do you demand from us for compensation?Customer: I think that your company should pay damages to me. How about 1000 Yuan?Manager: To be fair to you, I am directed by our managing director to settle this issue with you amicably.Customer: I am so glad to hear of your ready agreement.Manager: We’ll compensate for you as soon as possible. Thanks ever so much for your co-operation. Good-bye.Customer: Bye-bye. Words and Phrases1. complain [kəm'plein] n. 抱怨，投诉抱怨，投诉2. corporation [͵kɔ:pə'rei∫ən] n. 公司公司3. unpleasant [ʌn'pleznt] adj. 不高兴的不高兴的4. incident ['insidənt] n. 小事件；插曲；事变小事件；插曲；事变5. inconvenient [͵inkən'vi:njənt] adj. (引起引起)不方便的；麻烦的；困难的不方便的；麻烦的；困难的6. claim [kleim] n. 要求，要求权，断言，权利要求，要求权，断言，权利 Words and Phrases7. untenable ['ʌn'tenəbl] adj. (论点等论点等)站不住的；守不住的站不住的；守不住的8. compensate ['kɔmpənseit] vt. 偿还，补偿，付报酬偿还，补偿，付报酬9. evidently [kleim] n. 要求，要求权，断言，权利要求，要求权，断言，权利 10. settle ['setl] vt. 解决解决11. issue ['isju:] n. 问题；争端；论点问题；争端；论点12. amicably [`æmɪkəblɪ] adv. 友善地友善地 Notesumake a complain 投诉uWiper Wash 雨刮器uthe other day 某一天（特指）usomething wrong 不定代词后加上形容词,翻译成“有些东西坏了”ube sure 确信uregular customer 老客户umeet with 碰巧遇上，单独的meet, 其含义是“遇到”ucompensate for your loss 赔偿您的损失upay damages 赔偿损失uco-operation 合作 Related LinksI’m sure you it won’t happen again. 我保证不会再发生了。
我保证不会再发生了I must apologize. It may be the new receptionist. 我必须道歉，可能是新来的接待员的原因我必须道歉，可能是新来的接待员的原因We would again ask you for your mercy in this instance. 对于此事，再次请求您宽容对于此事，再次请求您宽容We again apologize for causing you much inconvenience. 再次为给您带来诸多不便表示歉意再次为给您带来诸多不便表示歉意We will do our best not to repeat such a failure in future. 本公司将竭尽所能，今后不再重复同样的失误本公司将竭尽所能，今后不再重复同样的失误 Related LinksI’m afraid I have got a complaint about the quality. 恐怕我要谈谈质量问题恐怕我要谈谈质量问题What’s the problem? 什么问题？什么问题？I’m sorry to say this design is not so satisfactory. 很遗憾，这个样式不太令人满意。
很遗憾，这个样式不太令人满意It’s really the most difficult transaction I’ve ever done. 我真是从未做过这么难做的生意我真是从未做过这么难做的生意We’re not at all satisfied with the quality of these goods. 对于这些产品质量我们丝毫不满意对于这些产品质量我们丝毫不满意 Related LinksI hope it’s nothing serious. 希望不是什么严重问题希望不是什么严重问题We’ll make a thorough investigation. 我们要进行彻底调查我们要进行彻底调查Have you had similar complains from other users? 贵公司没有其他的用户有过同样的抱怨吗？贵公司没有其他的用户有过同样的抱怨吗？It is a mistake. No doubt about that. 那是个错误，毫无疑问的那是个错误，毫无疑问的 10 Frequently-Seen English Identifier of Imported Vehicles进口汽车常见英文标识 10.1 Marks of Vehicle Model 汽车车型品牌标识The unit aims to enable students to :nKnow about the marks of vehicle model分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标 Teaching objective Teaching objective Teaching objective分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标 The method of approach The method of approach The method of approachnExplanation and demonstration by the teachers;nAfter-class research by the students. Homemade Series 国产车系 Homemade Series 国产车系 Euramerican Series 欧美车系 Euramerican Series 欧美车系 Euramerican Series 欧美车系 Euramerican Series 欧美车系 Euramerican Series 欧美车系 Asian Series 亚洲车系 Asian Series 亚洲车系 10.2 Vehicle Identification Number(VIN) 汽车识别代码(VIN)The unit aims to enable students to :nknow about the VINnlearn how to use the VIN分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标 Teaching objective Teaching objective Teaching objective分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标 The method of approach The method of approach The method of approachnDiscussing, listening, reading by the studentsnExplanation and demonstration by the teachers;nAfter-class research by the students. V I N A VIN number, or Vehicle Identification Number, is a unique "fingerprint" assigned to a vehicle to allow it to be identified. All vehicles currently made in quantities over 500 are required to have a VIN number assigned to them. VIN numbers have taken a variety of shapes over the years. In early cars a VIN was simply a serial number, recording what sequential number a vehicle was in the production run. The identification number was inconsistent and overlapped across manufacturers. This caused endless confusion when people wanted to identify a particular car. V I N Then manufacturers started encoding other information into the VIN, such as manufacturer code, year, even model number. This made it easier for people to associate vehicles to a unique identifier. The VIN became a more important tool to both manufacturers and owners. But still unfortunately the system was flawed. Since no one oversaw how VIN numbers were created and assigned there was still a great chance that there would be overlap between manufacturers. It also prevented anyone from looking at a vehicle identification number solely and be able to positively identify a car just by that number. V I N Modern-day Vehicle Identification Number systems are based on two related standards, originally issued by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in 1979 and 1980; ISO 3779 and ISO 3780, respectively. Compatible but somewhat different implementations of these ISO standards have been adopted by the European Union and the United States of America. This standardization of VIN numbers meant that a unique series of digits could finally be assigned to only one vehicle, without the possibility of overlap. The 17-character VIN was born. Everyone from parts manufacturers to law enforcement use VIN numbers V I N to trace, track, and positively identify vehicles. Each modern vehicle has the VIN number printed in several places on the vehicle, including on the frame. This allows identification even in the case of severe damage from accident or fire. It's a good idea to be aware of your VIN number. It's not necessary to keep it secret, as every car has it clearly printed on it in plain sight. But it's a good idea to have this number handy (such as on a copy of your registration) in case of theft or catastrophic damage. 奥迪汽车股份公司VIN编码规则与含义位置号含 义1Manufacturing country 汽车生产国家W—Germany 德国2~3Make 生产厂商AU—Germany 奥迪汽车公司4Car line series 车型品牌系列A—A6 2.8 B—A4 Turbo 增压发动机车型B—A6 2.8 Quattro 四轮驱动车型B—A8 C—A4 Turbo 增压发动机车型D—A4E—A4 Quattro 四轮驱动车型5Engine type 发动机类型A—2.8L V6 172hp（马力）A—2.8L V6 200hp（马力）B—1.8L 4-cyhinder trubo 4缸增压发动机C—2.8L V6 172hp（马力）F—3697cc 8—cylinder 3697cc 8缸发动机G—4172cc 8—cylinder 4172cc 8缸发动机 奥迪汽车股份公司VIN编码规则与含义6Restraint system 安全系统0—active belt 主动式安全带3—Dr/pass air bag + Fr&Rr side air bags 驾驶员/乘客安全气囊+前、后侧面安全气囊4—ELRA 紧急锁紧式安全带5—driver air bag 驾驶员侧安全气囊8—driver and passenger air bag 驾驶员和乘客安全气囊7~8Model 车型8D—A4 4A—A6 wagon（旅游车） 4B-A6 4I-A8 9Check digit 工厂检验数字0 through 9 or 0~9 或x10Model year 车辆年款N—1992；P—1993；R—1994；S—1995； T—1996；V—1997；W—1998 X—1999； Y—2000；1—2001；2—200211Assembly plant 车辆总装厂A—Ingolstadt, Germany 德国 Ingolstadt 总装厂H—Hanover, Germany 德国 Hanover 总装厂N—Neckarsulm, Germany 德国 Neckarsulm 总装厂12~17Production sequence number 生产顺序号 奔驰汽车公司S系列轿车VIN编码规则与含义位置号含 义1Manufacturing country 汽车生产国家W—Germany 德国2、3Manufacturer 生产厂商DB—DaimlerBenz 戴姆勒-奔驰4~7Model 车型FA63-2-Door Coupe（SL320）SL320 双门轿车FA67-2-Door Coupe（SL500）SL500 双门轿车GA32-4-Door Sedan（S320）S320 四门轿车GA33-4-Door Sedan（S320）S320 四门轿车GA43-4-Door Sedan（S420）S420 四门轿车GA51-4-Door Sedan 4/5 Pass（S500）S500 四门4/5座轿车GA70-2-Door Coupe 4 Pass（S500）S500 双门4座轿车 奔驰汽车公司S系列轿车VIN编码规则与含义8Restraint system 乘员安全系统E—Seat belts plus dual air bags 座椅安全带和双安全气囊9Check digit 工厂检验数字0—manufacturer internal code 生产厂内部编号10Vehicle model year 车辆年款N—1992；P—1993；R—1994；S—1995； T—1996；V—1997；W—1998 X—1999； Y—2000；1—2001；2—200211Assembly plant 车辆总装厂F through H(F到H)—Bremen，Germany，德国Bremen 总装厂J—Rastatt，Germany，德国Rastatt总装厂12~17Serial number 生产顺序号 克莱斯勒汽车公司VIN编码规则与含义位置号含 义1Nation of origin 汽车生产国1—USA 美国； 2—CANADA 加拿大2Vehicle make 所属分部B—Dodge 道奇分部；C—Chrysler 克莱斯勒分部；E—Eagle 鹰分部3Type of vehicle 车辆类型3—passenger car 客车4Passenger restraint system 乘员安全系统H—driver& passenger air bag 驾驶员及乘客安全气囊5Vehicle lines 车辆品牌C—Chrysler，LHS 克莱斯勒LHS轿车D—Chrysler，Concorde 克莱斯勒协和轿车D—Dodge，Intrepid（USA） 道奇无畏轿车（美款）D—Eagle，Vision 鹰部幻影轿车H—Dodge，Intrepid（CANADA） 道奇无畏轿车（加拿大款） 克莱斯勒汽车公司VIN编码规则与含义6Series 车辆系列4—high line 高档型；5—premium 豪华型；6—sport 运动型7Body style 车身类型6 four—door sedan 四门轿车8Engine type 发动机型号F—3.5L；T—3.3L9Check digit 工厂检验数字0 through 9 or 0~9 或x10Model year 车辆年款N—1992；P—1993；R—1994；S—1995； T—1996；V—1997；W—1998 X—1999； Y—2000；1—2001；2—200211Assembly plant 车辆总装厂F—Newark，New Jersey，USA 美国新泽西州Newark 总装厂H—Bramelea，Ontario，CANADA 加拿大安大略省Bramelea 总装厂 福特汽车公司林肯汽车VIN编码规则与含义位置号含 义1~3Indicates manufacturer identification 生产厂商1LN—Lincoln passenger car 林肯轿车4Indicates restraint system 安全保护系统L—active belts/passenger& driver air bag 主动式安全带/乘员和驾驶员安全气囊C—Air bag，driver only 驾驶员安全气囊P—passive safety belts 被动式安全带5Indicates line/ series type 车型系列M—passenger car Lincoln/ Mercury 林肯轿车/水星轿车系列 福特汽车公司林肯汽车VIN编码规则与含义6~7Indicates body type 车身类型81~84—Lincoln Town Car sedan 林肯四门轿车8Indicates engine code 发动机型号W—4.6L V89Indicates check digit 工厂检验数字0 through 9 or x 0~9 或x10Indicates model year 车辆年款N—1992；P—1993；R—1994；S—1995； T—1996；V—1997；W—1998 X—1999； Y—2000；1—2001；2—200211Indicates assembly plant 车辆总装厂Y—Wixom，Michigan 美国密歇根州 Wixom 总装厂12~17Indicates production sequence number 生产顺序号600001~999999 Lincoln/ Mercury vehicles 林肯/水星轿车 通用汽车公司凯迪拉克轿车VIN编码规则与含义位置号含 义1Nation of origin 汽车生产国家1—United States 美国2Manufacturer 汽车生产厂商G—General Motor 通用汽车公司3Division 汽车分部6—Cadillac 凯迪拉克分部4、5Carline/series 车型类列/车系VR—Catera；EL—Eldorado；ET—Eldorado Touring(旅行车)；KS—SevilleKF—Deville Concours；KY—Seville Touring Sedan（四门旅行车）6Body style 车身类型（车门数、车顶形式等）1-two-door coupe 双门轿车；3-two-door convertible 双门敞篷轿车5-four-door sedan 四门轿车 通用汽车公司凯迪拉克轿车VIN编码规则与含义7Restraint code 乘员安全防护系统类型2—manual belts with driver bag 手动式安全带及驾驶员安全气囊4—passive belts 被动式安全带8Engine code 发动机型号B—4.9L V8（L26）；Y—4.6L V8（LD8）；9—4.6L V8（L37）9Check digit 检验数字号码10Vehicle model year 车辆年款N—1992；P—1993；R—1994；S—1995； T—1996；V—1997；W—1998 X—1999； Y—2000；1—2001；2—200211Assembly plant code 总装厂代码J—Janesville，Wisconsin，美国威斯康星州Janesville 总装厂R—Arilington，Texas，美国德克萨斯州Arilington 总装厂H—Hamtramck，Michigan，美国密歇根州Hamtramck 总装厂4—Lake Orion，Michigan，美国密歇根州Lake Orion 总装厂9—Detroit，Michigan，美国密歇根州Detroit 总装厂12~17Serial number 出厂顺序号 Words and Phrases1. vehicle ['vi:ikl] n. 车辆；运载工具；推进装置；飞行器车辆；运载工具；推进装置；飞行器2. identification [ai͵dentifi'kei∫ən] n. 符号，打印；识别，证实，核对符号，打印；识别，证实，核对3. unique [ju:'ni:k] n. 唯一的，仅有一种可能的唯一的，仅有一种可能的,4. fingerprint ['fɪŋɡəprɪnt] n. 指纹；手印指纹；手印5. assign [ə'sain] vt. 分配分配, 委派；确定委派；确定, 选定选定6. currently ['kʌrəntlɪ] adv. 现时，当前现时，当前7. variety [və'raiəti] n. 变化；多样化；种类；项目变化；多样化；种类；项目8. sequential [si'kwin∫əl] adj. 继继[连连]续的；顺续的；顺[按，时，次按，时，次]序的序的9. inconsistent [͵inkən'sistənt] adj. 不一致的，不调和的不一致的，不调和的(with)；不定的；不定的 Words and Phrases10. overlap ['əuvə'læp] vt. 与与...交搭；叠盖住；交搭；叠盖住；[与与...]部分相一致部分相一致[巧合巧合]11.confusion [kən'fju:ӡən] n. 混［慌］乱；紊乱，纠纷混淆混［慌］乱；紊乱，纠纷混淆 12. encode [in'kəud] vt. 译成密码译成密码[电码电码]；编；编[译译]码码13. associate [ə'səu∫ieit] vt. 由由…联想到联想到…，把，把…联系起来联系起来14. flaw [flɔ:] n. 瑕疵；毛病；缺陷瑕疵；毛病；缺陷15. oversee ['əuvə'si:] vt. 监督；监视；检查；视察；管理监督；监视；检查；视察；管理16. solely ['səu(l)li] adv. 独自；完全；单独独自；完全；单独17. positively ['pɔzitivli] adv. 断然地；肯定地；确实地断然地；肯定地；确实地18. compatible [kəm'pætəbl] adj. 相容的，相容的， 与与...不矛盾的，不矛盾的， 一致的（一致的（with）） Words and Phrases19. implementation [͵implimen'tei∫ən] n. 执行，履行；落实执行，履行；落实20. digit ['didӡit] n. 数字，位数，指头数字，位数，指头21. enforcement [in'fɔ:smənt] n. 实施，执行实施，执行22. frame [freim] n. 框架，框子；【机】架，座身框架，框子；【机】架，座身23. plain [plein] adj. 清楚的，明白的，易解的，清晰的清楚的，明白的，易解的，清晰的24. handy ['hændi] adj. 便于使用的，便利的，可携带的，轻便的便于使用的，便利的，可携带的，轻便的25. registration [͵redӡis'trei∫ən] n. 登记登记,登记证登记证26. catastrophic [,kætə`strɔfɪk] adj. 悲惨的，灾难的悲惨的，灾难的 Specialized English for AutomobileUnit Six Practical Conversation 6.1 Receiving CustomersA customer wants to buy a new car. The conversation between a customer and a salesman can be used to introduce some terms of sale and reception to students.分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标ContextContextContext分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标 情境说明情境说明情境说明情境说明情境说明情境说明顾客想买一部新车，与销售员之间的对话情形。
从对话中让学生了解一些销售与接待的术语 Vocabulary and Terminologyv1. calm and steady 稳重的His tone sounds calm and steady他的声音听起来很稳重v2. spacious [speiʃəs] adj. 宽敞的The interior of the car was very spacious.这部车的内部空间非常宽敞v3. stereo system 音响Your stereo system must be of the best quality.你的音响一定是品质最好的 v4. bass [beis] n. 重音The bass in his car was turned up very high.这部车的重音调得非常大v5. tone [təun] n. 音调His tone is rather unfriendly.他的口气很不友好v6. graceful [ɡreisful] adj. 优雅的She runs up the stairs with a light graceful step.她以轻快优雅的步子奔上楼去。
v7. engine performance 发动机性能After a long time a car’s engine performance will decline.长时间使用后，汽车的发动机性能将降低v8. fuel consumption 燃料消耗量The average fuel consumption for this car is 10 kilometers per liter.这部车的平均燃油消耗量为每公升可跑10公里v9. six cylinder 六缸 Today many cars have six cylinder engines.现今许多车有六缸发动机 v10. preferential [,prefərenʃəl] adj. 优惠的This hotel gives preferential treatment to people who stay in it regularly.旅馆给那些常客优惠待遇v11. name card 名片In business, it is common to give people your name card.做生意时通常会将你的名片给別人。
DialoguevSalesman: Good morning, sir! Welcome. What can I do for you?vCustomer: I am looking for a new car that just came out on the market called the MAX.vSalesman:It is a very nice car and has a very good reputation.vCustomer: May I look at it? vSalesman:Of course. The car is over there. This way, please. vCustomer: Wow! What a nice body! It is very smooth. It has a calm and steady look.vSalesman:Would you like to look at the interior? vCustomer: Oh! What a beautiful interior! It is very spacious and comfortable.vSalesman:Are you satisfied with this car? vCustomer: Yes, it's great. May I listen to the stereo system? vSalesman:Of course. I bet you will enjoy it.vCustomer: Nice! The bass makes me shake and the tone is graceful.vSalesman:Anything else you would like to know? vCustomer: How about the engine performance and fuel consumption? vSalesman:The engine’s maximum power is 150 KW at 5,000 rpm. The engine is a 3.0L six cylinder 24-valve model. The fuel consumption is 6.5L /100km on the highway and 12 L /100km in the city.vCustomer:How much does it cost? vSalesman:The price is 250,000 yuan. We’ll offer the preferential service on right now, such as discount 9.5, free waxing once, handling the insurance business of compensation etc. vCustomer:Thank you. Please give me your name card. vSalesman:No problem. Call me any time if you need any help.vCustomer:OK! I will think it over and let you know my decision soon. Good bye!vSalesman: Good bye! ExercisevTalk with your partner for the conversation.Context：vMr. Smith goes to Cherry Automobile Service Company to have his car maintained. Lilei is the manager of after-sales service department. Mr. Smith receives his warm reception. 6.2 Inquiry Mr. Zhao wants to group-purchase Jetta cars, so he comes to 4S shop and asks the receptionist some detailed information.分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标ContextContextContext分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标 情境说明情境说明情境说明情境说明情境说明情境说明赵先生想团购捷达轿车，于是他来到4S店向销售员询问一些详细情况。
Vocabulary and Terminologyv1.opportunity [,ɔpətju:niti] n. 机会I’m glad to have the opportunity to speak to you alone.很高兴有机会可以跟你单独谈话v2. group-purchasing 团购Usually the sellers give a lower price for group-purchasing.通常经销商会给团购一个较低的价格v3. inquiry [inkwaiəri] v. 询问Make your inquiries at the office. 请去办公室询问 v4. quantity [kwɔntiti] n. 数目, 数量Please tell me the brand, quantity and invoice number.请告诉我品牌名称、数量以及发货单号码v5. offer [ɔfə] n. 报价I’ve had an offer of $2000 for the car.有人向我出价2000美元买这辆汽车v6. quality [kwɔliti] n. 质量We must improve the quality of our products.我们一定要提高产品质量。
v7. discount [diskaunt] n. 折扣They give discount to visitors in groups.他们对团体来宾打折扣v8. preferential [,prefərenʃəl] adj. 优惠的You will enjoy more preferential treatment.你会享受到更多的优惠待遇v9. car decorations 车饰Car decorations are used to make your car more beautiful.车饰用来使你的车更漂亮 DialoguevZhao: Good morning! vReceptionist: Good morning! You are welcome to our company, I am ZouJie.vZhao: I am glad to have the opportunity to visit your corporation.vReceptionist: It’s a great pleasure to meet you. Is there anything I do for you?vZhao: Yesterday I talked about our group-purchasing Jetta cars with your manager. He told me to contact you and consult some detailed information.vReceptionist: Thank you for your inquiry. Would you tell me what the quantity you require so that I can work out the offers. vZhao: About twenty. But I’m worried about the quality of the car if purchasing cars in a group.vReceptionist: Don’t worry. We’ll organize our customers to take cars directly as you need in our 4S store.vZhao: Well, what about the discount? vReceptionist: For the purpose of establishing business relations with you, we may grant you a special discount of 10%, this is the best we can do for you. vZhao: Are there any other preferential services?vReceptionist: Yes. For example: car decorations are provided, five times free car washing and one-year free maintenance etc. If you want to know about more, you’ll visit our website about more.vZhao: What procedures do I need if I want to take part in the automotive group-purchasing?vReceptionist: Those who buy the cars in group must fill out accurately and detail personal information online to be sure of contact you, such as name, ID, your address, car style, color etc. vZhao: How is the payment?vReceptionist: You may pay online, by the credit or in cash.vZhao: O.K. When can I know the price?vReceptionist: Our staff will inform you by phone soon after we work out the offer.vZhao: OK, so much for today, thank you for your enthusiastic reception.vReceptionist: You’re welcome. ExercisevTalk with your partner for the conversation.vContext：vMs Li wants to buy a new car and she comes to VW 4s store. The salesman gives a brief introduction to her. 6.3 Automatic Transmission and Manual Transmission A student asks the teacher some questions about automatic transmission. Learn some terms about the construction and working principle of automatic transmission. 分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标ContextContextContext分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标 情境说明情境说明情境说明情境说明情境说明情境说明一名学生向老师请教关于自动变速器的一些问题，从他们的对话中学习一些关于变速器结构和工作原理的术语。
Vocabulary and Terminologyv1. automatic transmission 自动变速器An automatic transmission is a gearbox that can change gear ratios automatically as the vehicle moves.自动变速器是指在车辆行驶时能自动改变齿轮传动比的变速器v2. divided into 分为The river divides into two streams at this point这条河在此分成两条支流v3. mechanical system 机械系统This is a very creative mechanical system.这是一个十分创新的机械系统 v4. hydraulic system 液压系统Hydraulic pumps supply fluid to the components in the hydraulic system.液压泵向液压系统中的各部件供油v5. control system 控制系统The control system in an AT is usually a hydraulic system.自动变速器中的控制系统通常是一个液压系统。
v6. harmony [hɑ:məni] adj. 和谐，协调In a beautiful picture there is harmony between the different colors. 美丽的画面中, 不同色彩相协调 v7. shifting [ʃiftiŋ] adj. 换挡的The automatic transmission eliminates the manually shifting need for the driver.自动变速器无需驾驶员手动换挡v8. hassle [hæsəl] n. 麻烦It is a real hassle to apply for the insurance money.申请保险金实在是一件麻烦事v9. gearset [ɡiəset] n. 齿轮机构This gearset is the new type of worm and worm gear transmission equipment.这个齿轮机构是一种新型的蜗杆蜗轮传动 DialoguevStudent: I'd like to ask about this modern automatic transmission. Can you help me, sir?vTeacher: Sure, what would you like to know? vStudent: How many main units is the automatic transmission divided into? vTeacher: It includes three units.vStudent: What are they？vTeacher: Well, an automatic transmission contains a mechanical system, a hydraulic system, and a control system, all working together in perfect harmony which goes virtually.vStudent: what are the advantages of automatic transmission?vTeacher: Firstly, there is no clutch pedal in an automatic transmission car. And secondly, there is no shifting hassle when you are driving in slow moving traffic. Once you put the transmission into drive, everything else is automatic. vStudent: What is the difference between a manual and an automatic transmission? vTeacher: The key difference between a manual and an automatic transmission is that the manual transmission locks and unlocks different sets of gears to the output shaft to achieve the various gear ratios, while in an automatic transmission, the same set of gears produces all of the different gear ratios. The planetary gearset is the device that makes this possible in an automatic transmission. vStudent: Today I have learned more about the automatic transmission. Thank you very much! vTeacher: You’re welcome. ExercisevTalk with your partner for the conversation.vContext：vThe student asks some questions about the clutch and the teacher explains the components and the function of the clutch. 6.4 Suspension System Mr. Wang is asking Mr. Chang about the suspension system of automobiles. The advantages and disadvantages of popular suspension systems are described by Mr. Chang. 分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标ContextContextContext分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标 情境说明情境说明情境说明情境说明情境说明情境说明王先生问张先生有关汽车的悬架系统。
张先生说明了常用悬架系统的优缺点 Vocabulary and Terminologyv1. primary [praiməri] adj. 首要的; 主要的; 基本的The primary cause of his failure is laziness他失败的根本原因是懒惰v2. comfortable ride 乘坐舒适性Comfortable ride is one of the important vehicle performances.乘坐舒适性是车辆的重要性能之一v3. torsion bar 扭力杆A torsion bar is used in a high load capacity truck.扭力杆用于重载卡车 v4. bounce [bauns] v. 弹跳A rubber ball bounces well.橡皮球弹力好v5. shock absorber n. 减振器Shock absorber is a mechanical damper which absorbs energy of sudden impulses减振器是一个机械阻尼器，可以吸收突然冲击的能量。
v6. consume [kənsju:m] 消耗, 消费, 耗尽This plan will consume too many materials and goods, is there any better way?这个计划物耗太大了，有没有更好的办法？ v7. MacPherson strut suspension system n. 麦弗逊式悬架系统MacPherson strut suspension system is wildly used in small cars.麦弗逊式悬架系统普遍用于小车上v8. multi-link suspension system 多连杆式悬架系统Multi-link suspension system is widely used in high class sedans because of its better operation function.多连杆式悬架系统广泛用于高档轿车，因为它有较好的操控功能v9. independent suspension system n. 独立悬架系统Independent suspension system allows each wheel on the same axle to move up and down independently of each other.独立悬架系统允许同轴上的车轮可以相互独立的上下运动。
DialoguevWang:Hello, Mr. Chang. Nice to see you! What are you reading?vChang: I’m reading a journal about automobile.vWang: Oh! Are you interested in car?vChang: yeah! vWang: good! Could I consult you some questions about the suspension system of the modern automobile?vChang: Sure! What?vWang: Do you know its major functions?vChang: The primary purpose of the suspension system is to keep car's wheels in firm contact with the road and to provide a comfortable ride for the passengers. vWang: Could you tell me main types of the suspension system?vChang: Leaf springs and helical coil springs.vWang:I have heard that there are other kinds of springs in suspension systems. For example, a torsion bar and an air spring.vChang: Yes. A torsion bar is used in a truck which can bear a heavy load; an air spring is used for a high-class sedan.vWang:A spring has to bounce many times before it can stop. But why don’t I feel it when I sit in a car? vChang: This is because a car has a suspension system which can control the bounce of a car. vWang:What does a suspension system mainly contain? vChang: Springs, shock absorbers, control arms, and bushings. vWang:What is t a shock absorber?vChang: Spring cannot be used alone, since they would give a bouncing ride and the shock absorbers can smooth out this springing action. It is used to consume the energy of vibration and reduce the extent and times of vibration.vWang:What are the functions of the control arms?vChang: They are used to hold the wheels and tires to the frame of the car and allow the wheels to go up and down when hitting bumps while staying straight and perpendicular to the road.vWang:I guess the function of a bushing is to prevent metals from touching one another.vChang: That’s right, but it also has the function of reducing vibration and preventing noise from passing to the body of the car. vWang:In automobile magazines, we can often read MacPherson strut suspension system and multi-link suspension system. What is the difference between them? vChang: Both belong to the independent suspension system. MacPherson strut suspension is used in small cars; multi-link suspension is widely used in high class sedans because of its better operation functions.vWang:Nice to talk with you. Thanks a lot.vChang: Don’t mention it. ExercisevTalk with your partner for the conversation.vContext：：vMr. Chang is fond of automobiles recently. On Sunday, he comes to his friend, Mr. Zhou, an auto repair technician, talking something about car’s performance, such as tractive performance, fuel economy and safety, etc. 6.5 Automobile ABS Mr. Li wants to buy a car, so he asks Mr. Wang about the questions of ABS (Antilock Brake System) 分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标ContextContextContext分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标 情境说明情境说明情境说明情境说明情境说明情境说明李先生想买一部车，于是他向王先生咨询有关制动防抱死系统的问题。
Vocabulary and Terminologyv1. Antilock Brake System （ABS）制动防抱死系统As the car was traveling at a high speed he suddenly braked and Antilock Brake System was operated.当汽车高速行驶时，他突然刹车，ABS开始工作v2. sensor [sensə] n. 传感器There were more than 200 sensors here.这里装有两百多个传感器v3. electronic control unit 电子控制单元Electronic control units are utilized widely in the modern cars.电子控制单元被广泛的应用在现代汽车上 v4. hydraulic control unit 液压控制单元Hydraulic control unit. is a very important part in the mechanism.液压控制单元是这个机构中非常重要的部分。
v5. stability [stəbiliti] n. 稳定性She lacks emotional stability她的情绪不稳定 v6. braking distance 制动距离The braking distance should be as short as possible.制动距离应尽可能的短v7. slip ratio 滑动率Slip ratio is a primary parameter of ABS.滑动率是ABS系统的基本参数 DialoguevLi： Good morning, Mr. Wang! vWang: Good morning!vLi： Can I ask you a question?vWang: SurevLi： What is ABS?vWang: ABS is the abbreviation for Antilock Brake System. Modern cars can travel very fast, so good brakes are essential for safety. Besides, with ABS, the danger of accidents when braking is reduced greatly.vLi： I think it’s very complex for me, what are the main components?vWang: The system’s main components are the wheel sensors, the electronic control unit and the hydraulic control unit. vLi： What’s its function?vWang: It can prevent the wheels from fully locking up when applying the brakes. Thus it can increase the stability of the car during braking and shorten the braking distance.vLi： But how does it prevent wheel lock up?vWang: That is a complex process. By controlling the oil pressure of the brakes, the wheel slip ratio will keep around 0.2. Under this condition, the wheels are partially locked and have the largest brake efficiency. In this way, the car can run stably and stop quickly.vLi： Safety comes first. I think I should buy a car with ABS and other safety equipment.vWang: You’re right.vLi： Thanks for your explanation. It was a great help.vWang: You’re welcome. ExercisevTalk with your partner for the conversation.vContext：：vA customer drives his car to an auto-repair shop for maintenance and asks some common questions about the maintenance. 6.6 Automobile Noise and Vibration A student is interested in automobile noise and vibration problems. He asks the teacher how to diagnose them.分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标ContextContextContext分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标 情境说明情境说明情境说明情境说明情境说明情境说明学生对汽车噪声和振动的问题很感兴趣，向老师咨询如何来诊断。
Vocabulary and Terminologyv1. vibration [vaibreiʃən] n. 振动The vibration of the car was making me uncomfortable.汽车的振动让我感觉不舒服v2. troubleshoot [trʌblʃut] v. 排除It is important to learn how to troubleshoot problems. 学习如何排除问题是很重要的v3. diagnosis [,daiəɡnəusis] n. 诊断A repair technician has to be careful with their diagnosis on automobile. 维修技师必须仔细对汽车进行诊断 v4. fault [fɔ:lt] n. 故障He eliminated the engine fault successfully.他成功地排除了发动机的故障v5. test drive 试车，试驾I would like to test drive the new car.我想要试驾一下这款新车。
v6. decibels (dB) [desibel] n. 分贝A normal conversation reaches 55 decibels.普通的谈话即可达55分贝 DialoguevTeacher:Today, we are discussing automobile noise and vibration. We hear about NVH very often. What does it mean?vStudent:I guess “N” and “V” denote “Noise” and “Vibration”, respectively. I don’t know what “H” means.vTeacher: Well, “H” is the abbreviation of “Harshness”, which is composed of an impact noise and vibration generated when tires are uphill or crossing a crack.vStudent: Can you tell me how to troubleshoot automobile noise and vibration problems?vTeacher:First, you need to understand the diagnosis procedure.vStudent:Could you explain it briefly? vTeacher:First of all, listen and write down customers’ complaints carefully. Then, judge the possible areas of the fault from the complaints. After that, do test drive. Finally, choose a suitable diagnosis method.vStudent:What should I consider over during a test drive?vTeacher:Pay special attention to vehicle speed, engine rpm and shift gear position of the transmission.vStudent:There are many diagnosis methods. Can you tell me some of them?vTeacher: The most common methods are the auscultation method, the change-load method, sticking tape to the suspected chink, as well as squeezing and shaking the suspected area. OK, now it’s my turn to ask you some questions. vStudent:Please. vTeacher:What is the unit for noise? vStudent:Decibels (dB).vTeacher:Correct. If one noise has a sound level of 60 decibels and another is 70, do these two noises together have the strength of 130 decibels?vStudent:Of course not. If decibels could be added directly, then there would be so much noise in the environment, and our ear drums would break.vTeacher:Good. Could you give some examples of automobile noise and vibration?vStudent:Engine noise, tire noise, wind noise, exhaust noise, combustion noise and steering wheel shake, etc.vTeacher:Very good.vStudent:Today, I have learned some basic knowledge about diagnosis of automobile noise and vibration problems. Thank you. ExercisevTalk with your partner for the conversation.vContext：：vThe teacher discusses the related knowledge of engine emission control with his students. 6.7 Hybrid Car Tom asks Jim some questions about hybrid cars. Jim explains the advantages and disadvantages of hybrid cars and its working principle.分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标ContextContextContext分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标 情境说明情境说明情境说明情境说明情境说明情境说明Tom向Jim请教关于混合动力车的一些问题。
Jim解释了混合动力车的优缺点和工作原理 Vocabulary and Terminologyv1. hybrid car 混合动力车The obvious advantage of using hybrid cars is that it saves gas.混合动力车的显著优势就是省油v2. fuel consumption 燃油消耗量Buying a hybrid car can cut the fuel consumption in half.买一辆混合动力车可以减少一半的油耗v3. emission [imiʃən] n. 排放Emissions of motor vehicles causes a very serious environmental problem.机动车的排放引起了非常严重的环境问题 v4. maintain [meintein] n. 维护、保养My car needs to be maintained.我的汽车需要保养了v5. afford [əfɔ:d] n. 买得起, 担负得起She cannot afford a new dress.她没钱买新衣服。
v6. solely [səuli] n. 仅仅The responsibility lies solely with them.这完全得由他们负责 v7. accelerator [ækseləreitə] n. 加速踏板He pressed down the accelerator pedal of his car.他踩下汽车的加速器踏板v8. charge [tʃɑ:dʒ] n. 充电He is charging a storage battery.他在为蓄电池充电 DialoguevTom: Could you tell me what the hybrid car is?vJim： Hybrid cars are so called because they run on a combination of two different power sources.vTom: I guess one power source is an internal combustion engine. And what is the other?vJim： An electric motor.vTom: What are the advantages and disadvantages of a hybrid car?vJim： The advantages are that hybrid car can not only improve power efficiency but also reduce fuel consumption and emissions. The shortcomings are that the car is expensive and difficult to maintain. Besides, the battery price is high and has a limited life. Therefore, not everybody can afford to buy one. vTom: How do hybrid cars use different power sources? vJim：Power distribution is carried out by a device which splits the power sources. vTom: Can you briefly introduce the working principles of a hybrid car? vJim：When you start the car and the car is in idle mode or not running, the gasoline engine shuts off by itself. At this time the car is solely running on electricity. Once you step on the accelerator, the internal combustion engine will automatically start up again.vTom: Is its maintenance similar to that of traditional cars? Does it need to charge the battery like an electric car?vJim：Changing of oil and adding of petrol are the same as those of traditional vehicles. However, a good thing about hybrid cars is they don’t need to be plugged in like the electric car. They use kinetic energy to recharge the battery.vTom: O.K. I think I have learned a lot about the hybrid car. Thank you!vJim: You’re welcome. ExercisevTalk with your partner for the conversation.vContext：：vVariable Valve Timing with intelligence is a very advanced technology and also a future trend. Mr. Chang wants to understand more about it, so he is now chatting with Mr. Wang to get some relevant information. 6.8 GPS Navigation System Mr. Li likes to have self-drive tours, but his sense of direction is very poor. Mr. Chang suggests that he should install a GPS. After Mr. Li learns about the advantages of having a navigation system, he can’t wait to install one. 分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标ContextContextContext分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标 情境说明情境说明情境说明情境说明情境说明情境说明老李很喜欢自驾游，但是他的方位感很差，于是小张建议他装个卫星定位系统，老王了解了导航系统的优点之后，迫不及待地想装一个。
Vocabulary and Terminologyv1.Global Positioning System (GPS) 全球定位系统The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a navigation system made up of a network of 24 satellites.全球定位系统是由24颗卫星网络构成的导航系统v2. navigation [,næviɡeiʃən] n. 导航The compass is an instrument of navigation.罗盘是导航仪器 v3. civilian use民用Now GPS is applied widely to the civilian use.现在GPS被广泛地应用到民用产品v4. destination [,destineiʃən] n. 目的地, 终点I eventually arrived at my destination.我终于到达了目的地 DialoguevLi： Mr. Chang, we’re going to Sunny Road. Would you please tell me how to drive there?vChang:At first, you go along Jiefang Road to Yuhua Street, and then turn left, and then…vLi： Just a moment. It’s too complicated for me to remember because I have a bad sense of direction.vChang:I suggest you should install a GPS! It will help you a lot.vLi： What? GPS?vChang:Yes, Global Positioning System. It is a satellite-based navigation system.vLi： I heard about that before. But I think it is for the military purpose.vChang: Well, it is developed by U.S. Department of Defense, but in the 1980s, the government made the system available for civilian use.vLi: What is the benefit of installing this gadget?vChang: It can teach you how to get to your destination on the screen. All you have to do is drive according to the instructions. vLi： Oh, it’s great. With it, we can easily and exactly know where we are on earth, right? vChang: Yes.vLi: Can you tell me where I can get it?vChang: In most auto parts shops.vLi： I will install one.vChang: I think it’s absolutely necessary for you.vLi： Oh! By the way, after installment, do I have to pay any extra cost?vChang: No. There are no subscription fees or setup charges to use GPS, so there are a lot of people using them.vLi： How nice! I will never be lost.vChang: Good luck to you! ExercisevTalk with your partner for the conversation.vContext：：vMr. Wang will go out of town tomorrow. In order to drive smoothly, he asks Mr. Chang, who is a technician, to tell him what basic inspections he should make on his car. Specialized English for AutomobileUnit 7 Frequently-Seen English Identifier of Imported Vehicles 7.1 Marks of Vehicle Model 汽车车型品牌标识汽车车型品牌标识The unit aims to enable students to :nKnow about the marks of vehicle model分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标 Teaching objective Teaching objective Teaching objective分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标 The method of approach The method of approach The method of approachnExplanation and demonstration by the teachers;nAfter-class research by the students. Homemade Series 国产车系国产车系 Homemade Series 国产国产车系车系 Euramerican Series 欧美车系 Euramerican Series 欧美车系 Euramerican Series 欧美车系 Euramerican Series 欧美车系 Euramerican Series 欧美车系 Asian Series 亚洲车系 Asian Series 亚洲车系 7.2 Vehicle Identification Number(VIN) 汽车识别代码(VIN)The unit aims to enable students to :nknow about the VINnlearn how to use the VIN分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标 Teaching objective Teaching objective Teaching objective分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标分项目目标 The method of approach The method of approach The method of approachnDiscussing, listening, reading by the studentsnExplanation and demonstration by the teachers;nAfter-class research by the students. V I N A VIN number, or Vehicle Identification Number, is a unique "fingerprint" assigned to a vehicle to allow it to be identified. All vehicles currently made in quantities over 500 are required to have a VIN number assigned to them. VIN numbers have taken a variety of shapes over the years. In early cars a VIN was simply a serial number, recording what sequential number a vehicle was in the production run. The identification number was inconsistent and overlapped across manufacturers. This caused endless confusion when people wanted to identify a particular car. V I N Then manufacturers started encoding other information into the VIN, such as manufacturer code, year, even model number. This made it easier for people to associate vehicles to a unique identifier. The VIN became a more important tool to both manufacturers and owners. But still unfortunately the system was flawed. Since no one oversaw how VIN numbers were created and assigned there was still a great chance that there would be overlap between manufacturers. It also prevented anyone from looking at a vehicle identification number solely and be able to positively identify a car just by that number. V I N Modern-day Vehicle Identification Number systems are based on two related standards, originally issued by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in 1979 and 1980; ISO 3779 and ISO 3780, respectively. Compatible but somewhat different implementations of these ISO standards have been adopted by the European Union and the United States of America. This standardization of VIN numbers meant that a unique series of digits could finally be assigned to only one vehicle, without the possibility of overlap. The 17-character VIN was born. Everyone from parts manufacturers to law enforcement use VIN numbers V I N to trace, track, and positively identify vehicles. Each modern vehicle has the VIN number printed in several places on the vehicle, including on the frame. This allows identification even in the case of severe damage from accident or fire. It's a good idea to be aware of your VIN number. It's not necessary to keep it secret, as every car has it clearly printed on it in plain sight. But it's a good idea to have this number handy (such as on a copy of your registration) in case of theft or catastrophic damage. 奥迪汽车股份公司VIN编码规则与含义位置号含 义1Manufacturing country 汽车生产国家W—Germany 德国2~3Make 生产厂商AU—Germany 奥迪汽车公司4Car line series 车型品牌系列A—A6 2.8 B—A4 Turbo 增压发动机车型B—A6 2.8 Quattro 四轮驱动车型B—A8 C—A4 Turbo 增压发动机车型D—A4E—A4 Quattro 四轮驱动车型5Engine type 发动机类型A—2.8L V6 172hp（马力）A—2.8L V6 200hp（马力）B—1.8L 4-cyhinder trubo 4缸增压发动机C—2.8L V6 172hp（马力）F—3697cc 8—cylinder 3697cc 8缸发动机G—4172cc 8—cylinder 4172cc 8缸发动机 奥迪汽车股份公司VIN编码规则与含义6Restraint system 安全系统0—active belt 主动式安全带3—Dr/pass air bag + Fr&Rr side air bags 驾驶员/乘客安全气囊+前、后侧面安全气囊4—ELRA 紧急锁紧式安全带5—driver air bag 驾驶员侧安全气囊8—driver and passenger air bag 驾驶员和乘客安全气囊7~8Model 车型8D—A4 4A—A6 wagon（旅游车） 4B-A6 4I-A8 9Check digit 工厂检验数字0 through 9 or 0~9 或x10Model year 车辆年款N—1992；P—1993；R—1994；S—1995； T—1996；V—1997；W—1998 X—1999； Y—2000；1—2001；2—200211Assembly plant 车辆总装厂A—Ingolstadt, Germany 德国 Ingolstadt 总装厂H—Hanover, Germany 德国 Hanover 总装厂N—Neckarsulm, Germany 德国 Neckarsulm 总装厂12~17Production sequence number 生产顺序号 奔驰汽车公司S系列轿车VIN编码规则与含义位置号含 义1Manufacturing country 汽车生产国家W—Germany 德国2、3Manufacturer 生产厂商DB—DaimlerBenz 戴姆勒-奔驰4~7Model 车型FA63-2-Door Coupe（SL320）SL320 双门轿车FA67-2-Door Coupe（SL500）SL500 双门轿车GA32-4-Door Sedan（S320）S320 四门轿车GA33-4-Door Sedan（S320）S320 四门轿车GA43-4-Door Sedan（S420）S420 四门轿车GA51-4-Door Sedan 4/5 Pass（S500）S500 四门4/5座轿车GA70-2-Door Coupe 4 Pass（S500）S500 双门4座轿车 奔驰汽车公司S系列轿车VIN编码规则与含义8Restraint system 乘员安全系统E—Seat belts plus dual air bags 座椅安全带和双安全气囊9Check digit 工厂检验数字0—manufacturer internal code 生产厂内部编号10Vehicle model year 车辆年款N—1992；P—1993；R—1994；S—1995； T—1996；V—1997；W—1998 X—1999； Y—2000；1—2001；2—200211Assembly plant 车辆总装厂F through H(F到H)—Bremen，Germany，德国Bremen 总装厂J—Rastatt，Germany，德国Rastatt总装厂12~17Serial number 生产顺序号 克莱斯勒汽车公司VIN编码规则与含义位置号含 义1Nation of origin 汽车生产国1—USA 美国； 2—CANADA 加拿大2Vehicle make 所属分部B—Dodge 道奇分部；C—Chrysler 克莱斯勒分部；E—Eagle 鹰分部3Type of vehicle 车辆类型3—passenger car 客车4Passenger restraint system 乘员安全系统H—driver& passenger air bag 驾驶员及乘客安全气囊5Vehicle lines 车辆品牌C—Chrysler，LHS 克莱斯勒LHS轿车D—Chrysler，Concorde 克莱斯勒协和轿车D—Dodge，Intrepid（USA） 道奇无畏轿车（美款）D—Eagle，Vision 鹰部幻影轿车H—Dodge，Intrepid（CANADA） 道奇无畏轿车（加拿大款） 克莱斯勒汽车公司VIN编码规则与含义6Series 车辆系列4—high line 高档型；5—premium 豪华型；6—sport 运动型7Body style 车身类型6 four—door sedan 四门轿车8Engine type 发动机型号F—3.5L；T—3.3L9Check digit 工厂检验数字0 through 9 or 0~9 或x10Model year 车辆年款N—1992；P—1993；R—1994；S—1995； T—1996；V—1997；W—1998 X—1999； Y—2000；1—2001；2—200211Assembly plant 车辆总装厂F—Newark，New Jersey，USA 美国新泽西州Newark 总装厂H—Bramelea，Ontario，CANADA 加拿大安大略省Bramelea 总装厂 福特汽车公司林肯汽车VIN编码规则与含义位置号含 义1~3Indicates manufacturer identification 生产厂商1LN—Lincoln passenger car 林肯轿车4Indicates restraint system 安全保护系统L—active belts/passenger& driver air bag 主动式安全带/乘员和驾驶员安全气囊C—Air bag，driver only 驾驶员安全气囊P—passive safety belts 被动式安全带5Indicates line/ series type 车型系列M—passenger car Lincoln/ Mercury 林肯轿车/水星轿车系列 福特汽车公司林肯汽车VIN编码规则与含义6~7Indicates body type 车身类型81~84—Lincoln Town Car sedan 林肯四门轿车8Indicates engine code 发动机型号W—4.6L V89Indicates check digit 工厂检验数字0 through 9 or x 0~9 或x10Indicates model year 车辆年款N—1992；P—1993；R—1994；S—1995； T—1996；V—1997；W—1998 X—1999； Y—2000；1—2001；2—200211Indicates assembly plant 车辆总装厂Y—Wixom，Michigan 美国密歇根州 Wixom 总装厂12~17Indicates production sequence number 生产顺序号600001~999999 Lincoln/ Mercury vehicles 林肯/水星轿车 通用汽车公司凯迪拉克轿车VIN编码规则与含义位置号含 义1Nation of origin 汽车生产国家1—United States 美国2Manufacturer 汽车生产厂商G—General Motor 通用汽车公司3Division 汽车分部6—Cadillac 凯迪拉克分部4、5Carline/series 车型类列/车系VR—Catera；EL—Eldorado；ET—Eldorado Touring(旅行车)；KS—SevilleKF—Deville Concours；KY—Seville Touring Sedan（四门旅行车）6Body style 车身类型（车门数、车顶形式等）1-two-door coupe 双门轿车；3-two-door convertible 双门敞篷轿车5-four-door sedan 四门轿车 通用汽车公司凯迪拉克轿车VIN编码规则与含义7Restraint code 乘员安全防护系统类型2—manual belts with driver bag 手动式安全带及驾驶员安全气囊4—passive belts 被动式安全带8Engine code 发动机型号B—4.9L V8（L26）；Y—4.6L V8（LD8）；9—4.6L V8（L37）9Check digit 检验数字号码10Vehicle model year 车辆年款N—1992；P—1993；R—1994；S—1995； T—1996；V—1997；W—1998 X—1999； Y—2000；1—2001；2—200211Assembly plant code 总装厂代码J—Janesville，Wisconsin，美国威斯康星州Janesville 总装厂R—Arilington，Texas，美国德克萨斯州Arilington 总装厂H—Hamtramck，Michigan，美国密歇根州Hamtramck 总装厂4—Lake Orion，Michigan，美国密歇根州Lake Orion 总装厂9—Detroit，Michigan，美国密歇根州Detroit 总装厂12~17Serial number 出厂顺序号 Words and Phrases1. vehicle ['vi:ikl] n. 车辆；运载工具；推进装置；飞行器车辆；运载工具；推进装置；飞行器2. identification [ai͵dentifi'kei∫ən] n. 符号，打印；识别，证实，核对符号，打印；识别，证实，核对3. unique [ju:'ni:k] n. 唯一的，仅有一种可能的唯一的，仅有一种可能的,4. fingerprint ['fɪŋɡəprɪnt] n. 指纹；手印指纹；手印5. assign [ə'sain] vt. 分配分配, 委派；确定委派；确定, 选定选定6. currently ['kʌrəntlɪ] adv. 现时，当前现时，当前7. variety [və'raiəti] n. 变化；多样化；种类；项目变化；多样化；种类；项目8. sequential [si'kwin∫əl] adj. 继继[连连]续的；顺续的；顺[按，时，次按，时，次]序的序的9. inconsistent [͵inkən'sistənt] adj. 不一致的，不调和的不一致的，不调和的(with)；不定的；不定的 Words and Phrases10. overlap ['əuvə'læp] vt. 与与...交搭；叠盖住；交搭；叠盖住；[与与...]部分相一致部分相一致[巧合巧合]11.confusion [kən'fju:ӡən] n. 混［慌］乱；紊乱，纠纷混淆混［慌］乱；紊乱，纠纷混淆 12. encode [in'kəud] vt. 译成密码译成密码[电码电码]；编；编[译译]码码13. associate [ə'səu∫ieit] vt. 由由…联想到联想到…，把，把…联系起来联系起来14. flaw [flɔ:] n. 瑕疵；毛病；缺陷瑕疵；毛病；缺陷15. oversee ['əuvə'si:] vt. 监督；监视；检查；视察；管理监督；监视；检查；视察；管理16. solely ['səu(l)li] adv. 独自；完全；单独独自；完全；单独17. positively ['pɔzitivli] adv. 断然地；肯定地；确实地断然地；肯定地；确实地18. compatible [kəm'pætəbl] adj. 相容的，相容的， 与与...不矛盾的，不矛盾的， 一致的（一致的（with）） Words and Phrases19. implementation [͵implimen'tei∫ən] n. 执行，履行；落实执行，履行；落实20. digit ['didӡit] n. 数字，位数，指头数字，位数，指头21. enforcement [in'fɔ:smənt] n. 实施，执行实施，执行22. frame [freim] n. 框架，框子；【机】架，座身框架，框子；【机】架，座身23. plain [plein] adj. 清楚的，明白的，易解的，清晰的清楚的，明白的，易解的，清晰的24. handy ['hændi] adj. 便于使用的，便利的，可携带的，轻便的便于使用的，便利的，可携带的，轻便的25. registration [͵redӡis'trei∫ən] n. 登记登记,登记证登记证26. catastrophic [,kætə`strɔfɪk] adj. 悲惨的，灾难的悲惨的，灾难的 。