单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2013/4/21,,‹#›,第十五章 旅游英语的翻译,,第一,节,,旅游文本的文体特点,旅游文本，无论英语还是汉语，均属应用文范畴，其形式灵活多样，内容无所不包，文体类别也是丰富多彩如旅游指南属描写型，用词要生动形象，明白晓畅；旅游广告与其他广告语一样属呼唤型，用词短小精悍，富有创意，句式简洁活泼，具有极强的吸引力和号召力；旅游合同，属契约型，用词规范，表达准确，程式化明显；旅游行程，属信息型，用词简洁明了，具有提示性本章节主要关注旅游指南为重点，探讨旅游英语的一般语言特点旅游景点介绍各具特点，归纳起来有以下几个方面,：,特点,1,：,涉猎面广，词汇量大,这是由于旅游的综合性、全球性、文化性、经济性、政治性、商业性、教育性、专业性、休闲性、娱乐性、趣味性、宗教性、种族性、民族性、女权性、应用性和交叉性等因素所决定，可以说上至天文下至地理无所不包无所不括表现得尤为突出的知识是一个地区或一个景区的历史、典故、民间习俗、民间传说、天气以及与整个民族文化有关的方方面面的知识最重要的是，旅游是一项跨文化的交际活动，它必须与景区的地区或国家的文化息息相关，诸如民族的、历史的、经济的、政治的、教育的、宗教的、艺术的、文学的、饮食的、服饰的、生活方式及风俗习惯等。
在翻译实践中，译者常感到跨文化的难点较多To make tea, porcelain pots are usually the best to use. The boiling water is poured over the leaves in the pot and the teapot is promptly covered to steep for several minutes. In this way, the fragrance remains there, and the tea tastes the best,要沏茶，通常，最好用瓷壶：把开水导入预先放好茶叶的壶内，立即盖上壶盖，浸泡几分钟这样，茶香不失，茶味最佳,when the time is reached for her departure for the groom’s family, the bride in red clothes and green shoes and with a piece of res cloth covering her head is carried by her brothers into her sedan.,参考,译文：,吉辰已到，新人该去婆家了。
新娘穿着红衣绿鞋，蒙着红盖头，由兄弟抬上花轿特点,2,：生动形象，引人入胜,,•,平淡呆板的语言，往往使人产生厌恶的情 绪旅游英语总是运用活泼而风趣的措辞，生动而高雅的描述，给人以美的享受，激发起浓厚的游性style,：,,※,描写细腻，文字优美,,※,幽默风趣，活泼有效,,※,活泼热情，富有感染力,There are green mountains, verdant forest, gurgling streams and springs, chirping birds and fragrant flowers around the ancient monastery.,参考译文：,古寺周围山峦叠翠，古林苍郁，泉溪淙淙，鸟语花香The atmosphere of Piccadilly Circus is distinctly cosmopolitan, and one hears around one a great variety of languages. It has been said that if you listen carefully, you may even hear,E,nglish!,参考译文：,(,伦敦城中心,),皮卡迪里广场上一切都具有鲜明的世界性，置身其中，可以听到许多种语言，据说仔细听，还能听到英语呢。
Century after century, winds blow yellow sand around the Pyramids Rulers have come and gone. Everything seems to change except the pyramids. They remain a 5000-year-old puzzle.,参考译文：,五千年来，狂风尽扫，黄沙漫卷，多少朝代兴盛衰微，文治武功过眼云烟唯独这风尘满面的金字塔依然屹立，赫赫威仪，仍为千古不解之谜特点,3,：活泼热情，富有感染力,旅游英语往往热情活泼，朗朗上口，融旅游与宣传与一体，或强调旅游公司的优质服务，或突出旅游资源的独一无二，因而不乏褒扬之词Extend Your Magical Stay,This summer, let the Disney magic linger with a stay at the park's fabulous hotels. Both the,Hong Kong Disneyland Hotel,and the,Disney's Hollywood Hotel,will be making a splash with all kinds of fun summer activities for the whole family. Let the kids design their own summer fashions like sunglasses and visors, or get down and groove to the calypso beat with whacky water games. You can even go for a swim with Goofy! And outdoor bars will make sure refreshing poolside beverages are always in reach. Now take a closer look with our photo gallery! And check out our,latest hotel offers,.,,[,参考译文,],,乐园酒店延续奇妙体验 入住两间迪士尼酒店，使您和家人感受一新！孩子发挥无限创意，设计夏日时装；全家到泳池开心畅泳，与高飞一同嬉水。
此外，池畔的酒吧供应清凉饮品，令您暑气全消马上欣赏酒店图片集，然后再查看酒店优惠，展开奇妙之旅,从译文看来，非常生动活泼，抓住了迪士尼,“,奇妙之旅,”,这个主题特色但对于,Goofy,的翻译,“,高飞,”,对于那些非,“,迪士尼,”,迷来说，还缺乏相应的文化信息Goofy,是迪士尼经典卡通形象，是一只呆呆笨笨的狗，经常闹出不少笑话，所以此处可以酌情翻译作,“,狗狗高飞,”,或者,“,高飞狗,”,第二节,,旅游英语的翻译,旅游英语的翻译同样要求忠于原文，但不是词句转换的“对号入座”译文应当体现出第一节所论述的文体特点1______2_______3_______,根据旅游资料实用性强针对性强的特点，翻译时还应以游客为中心，以让游客读懂，看懂为目的，必要时需对原文作一些技术性处理本节将着重讨论旅游翻译中文化因素的处理问题一、翻译方法,1,“洋化”,一些已被本国人所熟悉、所接受的在过去纯属异国文化的东西可以采取“洋化”译法，以保持异域特色Rome was not built in a day.,Rome cannot be seen in a day, a week, or even a year. Rome is an enormously colorful and alluring mixture of the old– the Rome of ancient times, the Middle ages, the Renaissance—and the new.,参考译文：,,罗马不是一天建成的,，也不可能用一天，一星期甚至是一年的时间看遍。
罗马绚丽多彩，阴人入胜，它是古罗马，中世纪罗马，文艺复兴时期罗马的综合体现,划线部分可译为“冰冻三尺非一日之寒”但采用“洋化”译法更能保持原文的特色，同时使读者了解原语作者的匠心2.,增减,东西方地域不同，历史不同，文化背景也不同因此，翻译过程中需要对原文中某些轻描淡写的费解词语做出注释说明,Attention,：,添加必须选用最简练的词句，否则就会喧宾夺主，冲淡原文If you choose against the,gondola,because the high price, remember that Venice boasts the only public transportation system that actually adds to the joy of the city.,如果由于租金太高，你不愿意租,刚多拉船（一种平底凤尾小船），,那么请记住，这种船不但是威尼斯唯一的公共交通工具，而且是威尼斯的骄傲，确实给城市增添快乐3.,改写,目的,：为了更好的向旅客传达文化信息， 以游客熟悉或易于接受的方式翻译As one of the Four Tigers in Asia, Hong Kong is also known as the Oriental Pearl and the Shopping Paradise.,,,参考译文：,作为亚洲四小龙之一的香港，同样被誉为“东方之珠”和“购物天堂”,。
二、应注意的问题,1.,语言差异,英语重形合，汉语重意合英语重物称（,I,mpersonal,），汉语重人称（,P,ersonal,）英语多被动,(Passive,),汉语多主动（,A,ctive,）So,，,翻译时应充分考虑两者的不同表达习惯Where solitude is desired, it would be difficult to find a more perfect place than this subtropical island.,参考译文：,如果有人愿意找一个与世隔绝的地方隐居的话，那么这个亚热带岛屿就是最为理想的2.,思维方式的差异,翻译中应尽量保留或体现原文的风格原文优美，译文就要华丽,原文幽默，疑问就要保持其调侃的语气,原文哲理性强，译文亦要庄重，发人深省,Everything in Vienna is pleasing except the wind. Yes, and the wind comes only because it is so pleasing here.,参考,译文：,要不是有,风，维也纳的一切都令人满意是呀，正因为如此令人惬意，风才愿意来凑热闹啊。
3.,约定俗成的问题,Potala,布达拉宫,Taj Mahal,泰姬陵,Theme park,主题公园,Tour packer,地方旅游经营者,Tourist association,旅游者协会,Travel-related business,旅游相关行业,,,,中菜与主食的英译,,1),直译法,——,烹调法,+,原料,烹调法是指中国菜的做法，即煮、煎、炸、煸、炒、蒸等英译时把对应的制作方法译出来，再以该菜的主要原料为中心词就可以了比如：,煮花生仁,boiled peanuts/groundnut kernels,（核）,,炒肉丝,stir-fried pork slices,,炖牛肉,stewed beef,,清蒸桂鱼,steamed mandarin fish,,煎鸡蛋,fried eggs,,红烧鱼,braised fish with brown sauce,,回锅肉,twice-cooked pork/ double cooked pork,2.,直译,+,释义法,顾名思义，英译时直接按中文菜名译出其意，然后再补充说明其实际所指的含义狮子头,lion,’,s head,–,pork meat balls,,全家福,happy family,–,a combination of shrimps, pork, beef, chicken, lobster and mixed vegetables with brown sauce.,,龙凤配,dragon & phoenix,–,two separate dishes characterize this distinctive plate. On one side, lobster,（龙虾）,meat in Sichuan chili sauce, which is inviting. On the other is house special chicken, which never fails in delighting.,,3.,意译法,,①原料,+with+,佐料,用原料为中心词，有时稍带把烹调法也译出，再加上用介词,with,或,in,与佐料构成的短语即可。
鱼香肉丝,shredded pork with garlic,（蒜）,sauce,,豆豉桂鱼,mandarin fish in black bean sauce,海米白菜,Chinese cabbage with dried shrimps,,椒盐排骨,spare ribs,（肋骨）,with pepper and salt,,4,）音译,+,释义法,先按中文用拼音译出，然后再加以解释性的英译，使英译文保留点中国味儿包子,baozi stuffed bun,,饺子,jiaozi Chinese-style ravioli,（小方饺）,,馒头,mantou steamed bread,,锅贴,guotie pot stickers,,木须肉,moo shu pork: A combination of shredded pork and assorted vegetables as fillings,（馅）,rolled in small thin pan-cakes.,,,,The end,Thank you,。