Clipping截短法截短法 •What’s Clipping? • Definition: Clipping is to shorten a longer word by cutting a part off the original and using what remains instead. For example, plane and exam are often used in place of aeroplane, and examination respectively. •Why do we have clipping as a way of word-formation? •This is because in modern times, people tend to be economical in writing and speech to keep up with the tempo of new life style. To save time one is likely to clip words that are frequently used. •1.Front clippings•2.Back clippings•3.Front and back clippings•4.Phrase clippings •1.Front clippings (词首截短词词首截短词)•删除一个单词的词首仅保留词尾构成•This shortening may occur at the beginning of the word:• • bus----omnibus• chute----parachute •2.Back clippings(词尾截短词词尾截短词)•删除一个单词的词尾仅保留其词首构成删除一个单词的词尾仅保留其词首构成•This shortening may occur at the end of the word:• fan------fanatic• gen-----gentleman •3.Front and back clippings(词首词尾截短词词首词尾截短词)•删除一个单词的词首和词尾仅保留词中构成•This shortening may occur at both ends of the word:• flu----influenza• script----prescription •4.Phrase clippings(短语截短词短语截短词)•删除一个短语的一个或数个音节构成•A number of phrases have been made into one word:• pop----popular music• zoo----zoological garden The characteristics of the clipping经常改变拼写经常改变拼写•business → biz •bicycle → bike•sergeant → sarge 添加了诸如添加了诸如-y, -ie, -or和和-o之类的词尾之类的词尾•comfy (= comfortable)•hanky (= handkerchief)• teeny (= teenager)•telly (= television (set))•veggies (= vegetables)•ammo (= ammunition) •3.大量截短词，如大量截短词，如ad, dorm和和bike，仍然被，仍然被某些语言学家视作非正式词某些语言学家视作非正式词。
•4.有些截短词，如有些截短词，如sarge, combo和和tec 仍然属仍然属于于俚语词俚语词•5.截短词通常使用在截短词通常使用在非正式场合非正式场合截短词通截短词通常暗示说话者与听者之间比较熟悉常暗示说话者与听者之间比较熟悉。