古典文学类 :儒家思想 Confucianism儒家文化 Confucian culture道教 Taoism墨家 Mohism法家 Legalism佛教 Buddhism孔子 Confucius孟子 Mencius老子 Lao Tzu庄子 Chuang Tzu墨子 Mo Tzu孙子 Sun Tzu象形文字 pictographic characters文房四宝 (笔墨纸观 )the Four Treasures of the Study (brush, ink stick, paper, and ink stone)《大学》 The Great Learning《中庸》 The Doctrine of the Mean《论语》 The Analects of Confucius《孟子》 The Mencius《孙子兵法》 The Art of War《三国演义》 Three Kingdoms《西游爷己》 Journey to the West《红楼梦》 Dream of the Red Mansions《水浒传》 Heroes of the Marshes《山海经》 The Classic of Mountains and Rivers《资治通鉴》 History as a Mirror《春秋》 The Spring and Autumn Annals《史记》 Historical Records《诗经》 The Book of Songs《易经》 The I Ching; The Book of Changes《礼记》 The Book of Rites《三字经》 Three-character Scriptures八股文 eight-part essay五言绝句 five-character quatrain七言律诗 seven-character octave名胜古迹类 :胡同 hutong长城 the Great Wall of China烽火台 beacon tower秦士台皇陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Qinshihuang兵马俑 Terracotta Warriors and Horses大雁塔 Big Wild Goose Pagoda丝绸之路 the Silk Road敦煌莫高窟 Mogao Grottoes华清池 Huaqing Hot Springs五台山 "Wutai Mountain九华山 Jiuhua Mountain蛾眉山 Mount Emei泰山 Mount Tai黄山 Mount Huangshan; the Yellow Mountain故宫 the Imperial Palace天坛 the Temple of Heaven午门 Meridian Gate大运河 Grand Canal护城河 the Moat回音壁 Echo Wall居庸关 Juyongguan Pass九龙壁 the Nine Dragon Wall黄帝陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Huangdi十三陵 the Ming Tombs苏州园林 Suzhou gardens西湖 West Lake九寨沟 Jiuzhaigou Valley日月潭 Sun Moon Lake布达拉宫 Potala Palace鼓楼 drum tower四合院 quadrangle; courtyard complex孔庙 Confucius Temple乐山大佛 Leshan Giant Buddha十八罗汉 the Eighteen Disciples of the Buddha喇嘛 Lama文化类 :京剧 Peking opera秦腔 Qin opera功夫 Kungfo太极 Tai Chi口 技 ventriloquism木偶戏 puppet show皮影戏 shadowplay折子戏 opera highlights杂技 acrobatics相声 witty dialogue comedy刺绣 embroidery苏绣 Suzhou embroidery泥人 clay figure书法 calligraphy中国画 traditional Chinese painting水墨画 Chinese brush painting中国结 Chinese knot中国古代四大发明 the four great inventions of ancient China 火药 gunpowder印刷术 printing造纸术 paper-making指南针 the compass青铜器 bronze ware瓷器 porcelain; china唐三彩 tri-color glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty景泰蓝 cloisonne秋千 swing武术 martial arts旗袍 cheongsam中山装 Chinese tunic suit唐装 Tang suit风水 Fengshui; geomantic omen阳历 Solar calendar阴历 Lunar calendar闰年 leap year十二生肖 zodiac春节 the Spring Festival元宵节 the Lantern Festival清明节 the Tomb-sweeping Day端午节 the Dragon-boat Festival中秋节 the Mid-autumn Day重阳节 the Double-ninth Day七夕节 the Double-seventh Day春联 spring couplets庙会 temple fair爆竹 firecracker年画 (traditional) New Year pictures压岁钱 New Year gift-money舞龙 dragon dance元宵 sweet sticky rice dumplings花灯 festival lantern灯谜 lantern riddle舞狮 lion dance踩高跷 stilt walking赛龙舟 dragon boat race饮食类 :山东菜 Shandong cuisine川菜 Sichuan cuisine粤菜 Canton cuisine扬州菜 Yangzhou cuisine月饼 moon cake年糕 rice cake油条 deep-fried dough sticks豆浆 soybean milk馒头 steamed buns花卷 steamed twisted rolls包子 steamed stuffed buns北京烤鸭 Beijing roast duck拉面 hand-stretched noodles馄饨 wonton (dumplings in soup)豆腐 tofu bean curd麻花 fried dough twist烧饼 clay oven rolls皮蛋 100-year egg; century egg蛋炒饭 fried rice with egg糖葫芦 tomatoes on sticks火锅 hot pot教育类 :成人夜校 night school for adults在职进修班 on-job training courses政治思想教育 political and ideological education毕业生分酉己 graduate placement; assignment of graduate 充电 update one ’ s knowledge 初等教育 elementary education大学城 college town大学社区 college community高等教育 higher education高等教育“ 211 工程” the “ 211 Project ” for higher education 高等学府 institution of higher education综合性大学 comprehensive university文科院校 colleges of (liberal) arts理工科大学 college / university of science and engineering师范学院 teachers’ college; normal college高分低能 high scores and low abilities高考 (university/college) entrance examination高校扩招 the college expansion plan教育界 education circle 教育投入 input in education九年义务教育 nine-year compulsory education考研 take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools课外活动 extracurricular activities必修课 required/compulsory course选修课 elective/optional course基础课 basic courses专业课 specialized courses课程表 school schedule教学大纲 teaching program; syllabus学习年限 period of schooling学历 record of formal schooling学分 credit启发式教学 heuristic teaching人才交流 talent exchange人才战 competition for talented people商务英语证书 Business English Certificate (BEC)适龄儿重入学率 enrollment rate for children of school age升学率 proportion of。