四年级英语语法知识人称代词一.主格和宾格英语中的人称代词有主格、宾格和之分主格:I, you,he, she,it,we,they, who 宾格:me,you,him,her,it,us,them,whom主格指的是作主语的格式,主格放在句首做主语E.g. I like him. (主格)宾格指的是作宾语时的格式,宾格放在动词后面和介词后面E.g. I like him. (宾格)练习:一 词形填空1.I(宾格)_______ 2.he(宾格)________3.she(宾格)________4.we(宾格)_______5.they(宾格)________6.you(宾格)______7.it(宾格)_______二 正确形式填空1. ______ like English. (I)2.Who’s that?-It’s _____. (I )3. Let _____ clean the desk. (we)4. Do you like the story-books?-Yes, I do. I like _____. (they)5. Do you know _____? (she)6. Please give _____ (he) a book.参考答案一.1.me 2.him 3. her 4.us 5. them 6.you 7. it二.1. I 2.me 3. us 4.them 5.her 6.him形容词性物主代词 形容性物主代词置于名词前,表示某人的。
形容词性物主代词有:my(我的),your(你的、你们的),our(我们的),his(他的),her(她的),its(它的),their(他们的) 形容词性物主代词具有形容词的特性,常放在名词前面作定语,表明该名词所表示的人或物是"谁的" 用法 1. 形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,在句中只能用作定语,后面必须跟名词,名词性物主代词常用来避免和前面已提及的名词重复相当于【形容词性物主代词+名词】例如: Is that your bike? 那是你的自行车吗? 2. 如果名词前用了形容词性物主代词,就不能再用冠词(a, an, the)、指示代词(this, that, these, those)等修饰词了例如: 这是他的书桌This is his desk. 3. 与形容词一起修饰名词时,形容词性物主代词要放在形容词的前面如:his English books他的英语书,their Chinese friends他们的中国朋友 4. 汉语中经常会出现"我妈妈","你们老师"等这样的语言现象,虽然代词用的是"我"、"你们",但实际意义仍是"我的"、"你们的",所以在英译时,注意要用形容词性物主代词"my”,” your"。
例如: 你妈妈在家吗? 误:Is you mother at home? 正:Is your mother at home? 5. it's与its读音相同,he's与his读音相似,但使用时需注意它们的区别(it's和he's分别是it is和he is的缩略形式,但its 和his 却是形容词性物主代词) 例如: It's a bird. Its name is Polly. 它是一只鸟它的名字叫波利 He's a student. His mother is a teacher. 他是一名学生他妈妈是一位教师练习1. This is ____ book.(I)2. ____ English teacher is Miss White.(he)3. What’s _____ name?_____ name is Amy.(she)4. Is this ____ math book? (you)5. ____ school is beautiful.(we)6. I have a pet cat.____ name is Nick.(it)7. _____ Chinese teacher is Miss Wang.(they)答案1. my 2.His 3.her 4.your 5.Our 6.Its 7.Their名词复数的变化规律1、一般情况下直接加s 如: book---books, boys2、以s,x,sh,ch, 结尾,加es 如:bus---buses,box---boxes,watch---watches, peach---peaches, brush---brushes, 3、以o结尾的词,有些加es,有些加s 如:tomato--- tomatoes,potato--- potatoes mango---mangoes, photo---photos , piano---pianos, zoo---zoos, taro---taros, taro---taros4、以f或fe结尾的, 把f或fe变为v, 加es. 如:leaf---leaves,knife ---knives,wolf---wolves, shelf---shelves, 5、以辅音字母加y结尾,把y变为i,再加es, 以元音字母加y结尾,直接加s如:family---families,lady---ladies,story---stories study---studies, 6、不变的Chinese sheep fish deer 7、特殊的变化方式如: mouse---mice, man---men, woman---women, policeman--- policemen , child---children, 儿歌巧计: 鹅goose的牙tooth和脚foot, oo变ee 绵羊sheep鱼fish和小鹿deer不变化。