linux的shell脚本实验报告第二次实验内容 一、实验名称：Linux下shell编程 二、实验类型：设计 三、实验目的： 1． 2． 3． 熟悉Linux的shell几种变量使用 熟练掌握Linux的shell编程几种结构 熟练掌握Linux下shell脚本的编写 四、实验准备 参考教材，课件第7章内容及笔记要求实验内容全部写到实验报告上 五、实验内容 1. 练习使用shell四种变量，参考课件例题 用户自定义变量，环境变量，位置变量，特殊变量这四种变量类型的使用，书中有例题 2. 调试课件所有shell脚本的例题 3. 编写如下脚本： l 编写脚本if1，测试其功能 echo -n "word 1: " read word1 echo -n "word 2: " read word2 if test "$word1" = "$word2" then echo "Match" fi echo "End of program." l 编写脚本chkargs，测试其功能 if test $# -eq 0 then echo "You must supply at least one argument." exit 1 fi echo "Program running." l 编写脚本if2，测试其功能 if test $# -eq 0 then echo "You must supply at least one argument." exit 1 fi if test -f "$1" then echo "$1 is a regular file in the working directory" else echo "$1 is NOT a regular file in the working directory" fi l 编写脚本if3，测试其功能 echo -n "word 1: " read word1 echo -n "word 2: " read word2 echo -n "word 3: " read word3 if [ "$word1" = "$word2" -a "$word2" = "$word3" ] then echo "Match: words 1, 2, & 3" elif [ "$word1" = "$word2" ] then echo "Match: words 1 & 2" elif [ "$word1" = "$word3" ] then echo "Match: words 1 & 3" elif [ "$word2" = "$word3" ] then echo "Match: words 2 & 3" else echo "No match" fi l 编写smartzip 脚本，测试其功能 #!/bin/bash ftype=`file "$1"` case "$ftype" in "$1: Zip archive"*) unzip "$1" ;; "$1: gzip compressed"*) gunzip "$1" ;; "$1: bzip2 compressed"*) bunzip2 "$1" ;; *) echo "File $1 can not be uncompressed with smartzip";; esac l 编写脚本dirfiles，测试其功能。
for i in * do if [ -d "$i" ] then echo "$i" fi done l 编写脚本until1，测试其功能用while改写之 secretname=jenny name=noname echo "Try to guess the secret name!" echo until [ "$name" = "$secretname" ]//while改写位 while [ “$secretname” ],其他地方不变 do echo -n "Your guess: " read name done echo "Very good." l 编写脚本brk,测试其功能 for index in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 do if [ $index -le 3 ] ; then echo "continue" continue fi # echo $index # if [ $index -ge 8 ] ; then echo "break" break fi “$name” != done l 编写脚本command_menu，测试其功能。
echo -e "\n COMMAND MENU\n" echo " a. Current date and time" echo " b. Users currently logged in" echo " c. Name of the working directory" echo -e " d. Contents of the working directory\n" echo -n "Enter a, b, c, or d: " read answer echo case "$answer" in a) date;; b) who;; c) pwd;; d) ls;; *) echo "There is no selection: $answer";; esac l 编写脚本demo_shift，测试其功能 echo "arg1= $1 arg2= $2 arg3= $3" shift echo "arg1= $1 arg2= $2 arg3= $3" shift echo "arg1= $1 arg2= $2 arg3= $3" shift echo "arg1= $1 arg2= $2 arg3= $3" shift l 编写shell脚本sum1，求命令行上整数和。
即：$./sum1 5 12 4 6，给出和的结果 sum=0 for i in $* do let sum=sum+i done echo “和是:$sum” l 编写脚本filetest，判断当前目录下所有文件类型，如果是普通文件，显示文件内容；如果是目录文件，显示目录列表；如果是大小为0的文件，删除它；否则，显示“sorry， The file is not recognized!” for i in * do if [ -d $i ] then ls $i elif [ -f $i ] then if [ -s $i ] then cat $i else rm $i fi else echo –n “sorry,the file can’t be recognized” fi done l 编写shell脚本user，判断当前登录用户是否为“学号命名”的用户，是，提示：hello “学号用户”,welcome!，否，提示“you should login using your username! ” Read name If [ $USER = $name ] Then echo “hello $USER” else echo “you should login using your username!” fi l 编写shell脚本menu，使用shell编写一个菜单，分别实现列出以下内容：显示目录内容、切换目录、创建文件、编辑文件、删除文件的 l 功能。
在此例中将用到循环语句、分支语句和输入输出语句 Echo “a.display the directory” Echo “b.change the directory” Echo “c.create a file” Echo “d.delete the file” Echo “if you input nothing,you will exit” Read item Until [ -z $item ] Do Case $item in a) Echo “input the directory” Read dire Ls $dire;; b) Echo “input the directory you want go into” Read dire Cd $dire;; c) Echo “input the file you want to create” Read f Touch $f;; d) Echo “input the file you want to delete” Read f Rm $f;; Esac Echo “a.display the directory” Echo “b.change the directory” Echo “c.create a file” Echo “d.delete the file” Echo “if you input nothing,you will exit” Read item done l 编写脚本，实现一个简单计算器。
+ addition - subtraction x multiplication / division 脚本执行形式： $ ./cal.sh 21 / 3 Let l=$1 //最简单的一种形式，而且还特别高效 Echo $1; 第二种方式： Re=”+ - \* /” For var in $re Do If [ $var = “\*” ] Then Num2=${1#*\*} Num1=${1%\**} Else Num2=${1#*$var} Num1=${1#%$var*} Fi If [ $num1 = $1 ] Then continue Fi Case $var in “+”) let num=num1+num2 Break;; “-“) let num=num1-num2; Break;; “\*”)let num=num1*num2 Break;; “/”)let num=num1/num2 Break;; Esac Done Echo $num 六、实验总结 。