中考英语考纲词汇用法详解

中考英语考纲词汇用法详解（ A ）a[E, el] / an[En, An] art. 一（ 个；件. . .） ：This is an eg g .这是一个鸡蛋/ Let me have a try .我来试一试/ A dog is a kind ofanim al.狗是一种动物 用法】1 .在以辅音或半元音开头的词前用a ,而在以元音开头的词前用an2 .单数可数名词若泛指，其前需加a / a n ,不要从汉语习惯出发漏掉此不定冠词，如不说He is famous film star.（ 应在famous 前 力 口 a）oable[5elbl] adj.有能力的; 能干的：He is an able teacher.他是位有能力的教师/ She is old but still able.她虽老但仍然很能干 短语】be able to 能，会：He is able to sw im .他会游泳about[E5baJt] prep.关于；对于：I know all about i t .这件事我都知道adv.大约：It is about ten o'clock.大概 10 点钟了。

短语】 be about t o 即将， 马上（ 后接动词原形， 注意该短语不与具体的时间状语连用） ：He is about to return to his homeland.他即将回乡 辨析】about与on： about指泛泛地或非正式地谈论某事， 其谈论的内容也较为普通； 而o n则指比较有系统地或理论性较强地论述某事，其论述的内容较正式或较为严肃above[E5bQv] prep.在. . .上面：The lamp hangs above the bed.灯挂在床的上方 短语】above all 首先，特别是：Never waste anything, but aboveall never waste tim e.任何东西都不可浪费, 特别是不可浪费时间【 辨析】above与 ver：两者都可表示“ 高于"，over主要表示垂直方向的正上方，而above则不一定表示正上方（ 即可以是正上方也可以不是正上方） abroad[E5brC:d] adv.到国外，在国外：I want to study abroad inthe future.将来我想在国外学习/ His friends are going abroadon holiday.他的朋友准备出国休假。

注意】abroad是副词，不是名词， 所以不说go to abroad, in theabroad 等accident[5AksIdEnt] n .事故，灾难：There has been a traffic accide n t.出了一次交通事故 / That boy met with a bad accident lastm onth.上个月那个男孩出了很严重的事故 短语】by accident偶然，无意中，不小心：We met each other again completely by accident.我们再次相遇，完全出于偶然across[E5krCs] prep.穿过，横穿:Be careful across the road.过马路要小心 注意】across是介词，不是动词，与之意义相近的动词形式是cros s ,注意不要混淆active[5Aktiv] adj.积极的：He always takes an active part in the class activities.他总是积极参加班上的活动 短语】be active in积极参加:He is active in politics.他积极参加政治活动。

ad [Ad] = advertisement[7AdvE5taizmEnt] n. 广告:The wall was covered with ad s.墙上贴满了广告/ Do you like the ad for theK FC ?你喜欢肯德基的广告吗？address[E5dres] n.地址：could you tell me your address? MaybeI can do you a favor.可以告诉我你的地址吗？也许我能帮你afford[E5fC:d] v.有足够的（ 钱，时间） 做某事：Today many familiescan afford a c a r.如今很多家庭买得起车/ I cannot afford thetime to go to the market today.今天我抽不出时间去市场了 用法】通常与can, be able t o等连用；后接动词时要用不定式，不用动名词afraid[E5freid] adj.害怕的：Most people are afraid of snake.大多数人都怕蛇 短语】 be afraid o f害怕：He is afraid of nothing.他什么都不怕。

用法】是表语形容词，一般不能放在名词前作定语 辨析】be afraid of doing sth 与 be afraid to do sth：两者均可表示“ 害怕做做某事”、 “ 不敢做某事”，但若要表示担心可能会发生某事时，则只能用 be afraid of doing： I was afraid of hurting her feelings.我怕伤了她的感情Africa[5AfrlkEJ n.非洲:Africa is rich in minerals.非洲矿产丰富after[5B:ftE] prep. & conj.在. . .之后；在. . .后面：After class,we will have ten minutes to rest.下课后，我们有10分钟的休息时间/ Phone me after you get hom e.到家后给我来 辨析】after与in：两者均可与一段时间连用表示“ 在……之后”，其区别是：after表示以过去时间为起点的一段时间以后， 且通常与过去时态连用；而in则表示以现在为起点的一段时间以后afternoon[7B:ftE5nu:n] n.下午，午后：In summer, children oftendon,t go out in the afternoon.夏季的午后孩子门一般不出门。

/ Let飞go swimming this afternoon. 今天下午去游泳吧again[E5gen] adv.. 又 ，再：please say it again. 请再说一遍/ Thelittle boy made the same mistake again.这个小男孩又犯了同样的错误【 短语】 again and again再三地，一再地，反复地：Our Englishteacher tells us to study hard again and again.我们的英语老师反复地告诉我们要刻苦学习 用法】通常不与那些已经含有again意义的动词（ 如repeat, renew等） 连用against[E5genst] prep.对着，与. . .对抗:Our class plays againstClass 2 in this basketball gam e.这次篮球赛我们班对2班 注意】against是介词，不是动词，不能单独用作谓语age[eidV] n.年龄：At the age of 12, my parents held a birthday party for m e ,我12岁时，爸爸妈妈为我举办了一个生日宴会。

/What's your age?你多大年纪了？ago[E5gEu] adv.以前：How long ago did my mother leave?我妈妈走了多久了？ / A week ago we began our summer holiday. 一个星期以前，暑假开始了 用法】通常与一般过去时连用agree[E5gri:] v.同意, 赞成:I agree with you on that point.在那一点上我同意你的观点 / Side A has agreed with the suggestion.甲方已经同意了这项建议 短语】 agree with同意. . .意见（ 想法） ; 符合，一致:We all agree with y o u .我们大家都同意你的意见/ Tom's words don't agree with his actions.汤姆的言行不一致 说明】后接动词要用不定式，不用动名词air[eE] n.天空，空气：Every morning I open the window to makethe air in the room fresh again.每天早晨我都会打开窗户，让房间里的空气清新。

【 短语】in the a i r在空中：I see a bird in the a ir.我看到一只鸟在天空中飞翔in the open a i r在户外；在野外：We sometimes have a picnic in the open a ir.有时我们在户外野炊airport[5eEpC:tJ n .飞机场：I'll contact you when I reach the airpo rt.我到机场时再跟你联系alive[E5laivJ adj.活着的：The fish is still alive.鱼还是活的/ Heis alone, but lucky to be alive.他孤单一人，但所幸还活着 辨析】alive, living和live：三者均可表示“ 活着的" ，alive主要作表语，可用于人或动物如：He must be still alive.他一定还活着living可用作表语或定语，可用于人或物如：Are your grandparents still living?你的祖父母还健在吗？ liv e通常只用作定语（ 前置） ，可用于动物或植物，但一般不用于人。

如：He bought some live fish .他买了几条活鱼all[C:IJ pron.全体, 全部：All can't live without a ir.所有的人离开空气都不能生存adj.所有的：All roads lead to Rom e.条条大路通罗马adv.都；完全：The ground was all white after the snow fell.下雪后地上一片白茫茫的 短语】all by oneself 独自，单独：He did his homework all by himself.他独立完成了家庭作业all day 一整天：We shall not read all day and had better spare time to consider.我们不应该一天到晚地死读书，最好抽点时间来思考all o v er遍及：My dream is to travel all over the w orld.我的梦想是游遍全世界allright 好；行；不错：His study is always all right.他的学习成绩一向不错all the same 仍然，还是：She is busy but she insists on visiting her mother every week all the sam e.虽然她很忙，但她仍然坚持每个星期都去看她的母亲。

all the year round 一年至U 头：Her father is busy with his business all the year round.她爸爸一年到头都在忙生意 allow[E5lau] v.允许, 准许：We shall not allow a stranger inside.我们不应该让陌生人进门/ Are we allowed to sit down.?能允许我们坐下吗？ / We do not allow smoking in our office.我们办公室里不允许吸烟 短语】 allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事：We do not allow people to smoke here.我们不许（ 人们） 在此吸烟（ 此地禁止吸烟） almost[5C:lmEust] adv.儿乎，差不多：He almost forgot the meeting this evening.他差点儿忘了今晚的会议 / He is almost as tallas I am .他几乎有我这么高了。

辨析】almost和 nearly：两者都可用来修饰不定代词、形容词、副词、动词、介词短语等，此时两者常可换用almost可用于any以及 no, none, nobody, nothing, never 等否定词之前，但 nearly一般不这样用 如： Almost any man can do it.几乎任何人都会做nearly前可用very, pretty, n o t等词修饰，但 almost之前不能用这些词如：The car is pretty nearly new ,这汽车儿乎是全新的alone[E5IEun] adv.独自，单独地：I want to talk with you alone.我想和你单独谈谈adj.单独的，独自的：I was alone in the house.房子里只有我一个人along[E5ICN] prep.沿着，顺着：After supper, I like to go for a walk along the river.晚饭后，我喜欢沿着河边散步adv.一道，一起：My sister brought me along.我姐姐把我也带去了already[C:l5redi] adv.已经：I have already seen that film three tim es.那场电影我已经看过三遍了。

also[5C:lsEu] adv.也：He can speak English, and also French.他不但会说英语，还会说法语 / Beth also is fond of singing.贝思也喜欢唱歌although[C:l5TEu] conj.虽然，尽管：Although we all tried our best, we lost the gam e.虽然我们已尽了最大的努力，但还是输了 注意】如果句子中使用了连词although,那么不再使用并列连词bUtoalways[5C:lweiz] adv.总 、 是 ,一直，经常：Why do you always getup so late?你为什么老起这么晚？amaze[E5meiz] v .使. . . 大为惊讶， 使惊愕:She was amazed thathe was still alive.他居然还活着使她感至中原异/ He amazed everyone by passing his driving test.他驾驶考试合格使大家很惊奇 短语】be amazed at / by 对. . .感到惊讶：I was amazed at / byher calmness.我对她的镇定感到吃惊。

amazing!E5meiziNj adj.令人惊奇的，惊人的：The experiment wasan amazing success.实验取得了惊人的成功 / What an amazingfilm !多么了不起的一部影片啊！America[E5merikE] n .美国：（ = the United States of America）American[E5merikEn] n. & adj,美国人（ 的） ：Americans make very good ice-cream.美国人做的冰淇淋很好among[E5mQN] prep.在. . . 当中：He was waiting for his son among a crowd.他在人群中等他的儿子 辨析】among和between： among 一般用于三者或三者以上的“ 在……中间” ， 其宾语通常是一个表示笼统数量或具有复数（ 或集合） 意义的名词或代词如：They hid themselves among the trees.他们躲在树林中between 一般指两者之间，其宾语往往是表示两者的名词或代词，或者是由a n d连接的两个人或物。

如：Therewas a fight between the two boys.这两个孩子打过一次架and[EndJ conj.和，又，而：We were cold and hungry.我们饥寒交迫/ He is able to read and w rite.他能读又能写 短语】and so on 等等：They sell pens, pencils, paper and so on.他们出售钢笔、铅笔、纸张等等angry[5ANgri] adj.发怒的, 生气的：I lost the key and my fatherwas angry.我把钥匙弄丢了,爸爸很生气/ He was so angry with his brother.他很生弟弟的气 短语】 be angry with sb 对某人发脾气：Parents had better not often be angry with children.父母最好不要经常对孩子发脾气beangry at / about sth 对某事生气：He is always getting angry about something.他总是为一些事生气。

animal[5Animl] n.动物：Monkey is a kind of wild animal.猴子是一种野生动物 / There are a lot of animals in the zoo.动物园里有许多动物another[E5nQTE] adj.& pron.另一个（ 的） ；又一个（ 的） ：I need tobuy another book.我还需要买一本书/ Would you like anothercup of tea?你想再喝一杯茶吗？【 用法】泛指不确定数目中的“ 另外任何一个answer [5B:nsE] v.回答：I can answer this question.我能回答这个问题 / He answered that he knew nothing about it.他答复说关于此事他一点儿也不知道any [5eni] ” 切. 什么；一些；任何的：Do you need any help?你需要什么帮助吗？ / Do ask, if you have any questions.如果有问题，一定要问 用法】常用于否定句，疑问句和条件句中。

【 短语】 any more 再，更：He was not naughty any more,他不再淘气了 / They don't live here any more.他们现在不再住在这里Toanybody[5enibCdi] pron.任何人： Has anybody seen my ball pen?有人看到我的圆珠笔了吗? / If he doesn't know how is anybodyelse to know?如果他都不知道还有什么人会知道？anything[5eniWiN] pron.任何事（ 物） ：We can do anything we like.我们想干什么都行/ If you want anything to drink please tellm e?如果你想喝点什么请告诉我appear[E5piE] v.出现，露面： After the storm, a rainbow appearedin the sky.暴雨过后天空出现了彩虹/ To my surprise he suddenly appeared.他的突然出现使我吃了一，原app!e[5Apl] n.苹果：Apple is one of my favorite fruits.苹果是我最喜欢的水果之一。

/ There is an apple tree in front of my house . 我家门前有一棵苹果树April[5eiprEI] n .四月： The first day of April is FooFs Day. 4 月 1日是愚人节/ April is the season of flowers.四月是鲜花盛开的季节arm[B:m] n.手臂，胳膊：His arm hurt after he fell down.他摔倒后弄伤了胳膊【 短语】 arm in arm 手挽手地： Lily and Lucy walked arm in arm.丽丽和露西手挽手地走着around[E5raund] prep.在. . .周围， 环绕着：The moon moves around the earth.月球绕着地球转 / Students stood all around theirteacher.学生们围着老师站着arrive[E5raiv] v.到达，抵达某地:At 7 o'clock, we arrived the raiIway station.我们 7 点钟到了火车站。

/ He was tired when he arrived hom e.他到家时非常疲倦 辨析】arrive, g e t和reach：三者均可表示“ 到达” , 区别如下：arriv e和g e t都是不及物动词，前者较正式，后者则较口语化两者之后均不可直接接宾语，但可接here, there, hom e之类的表地点的副词作状语reach通常是及物动词（ 较g e t更正式） ，其后可直接跟地点名词作宾语（ 不能用介词） art[B:t] n .艺术； 艺术品：She is going to art school in New York.她要去上纽约的艺术学校/ A work of art is the wisdom of artists.艺术品是艺术家智慧的结晶as[Ez] conj.按照，如同；因为，由于：The child always do as hismother say.这个小孩总是按照他妈妈说的做/ I didn't buy thedress, as I thought it was too expensive,我没有买那件衣服，因为我认为它太贵了prep.作为：As a good teacher, he cares abouthis students very m uch,作为一名好老师，他很关心自己的学生。

短语】as i f好像：It looks as if it is going to rain.看起来好像要下雨as long as 假如，如果，只 要 ：I won't forget as longas I live.我一辈子都忘不了as usual 像平常一样：It is rainingheavily but I go to school as usual.虽然雨下得很大， 但我还是像平常一样去上学as w ell也；又；同样的：Tom was praised byhis teacher as w ell.汤姆也得到了老师的表扬as…a s与. . . .样：Paul has already been as tall as his father.保罗已经和父亲一样高了not as / scr・・as 与. . . 不一样：This coat is not so beautiful as that o n e,这件外套不如那件好看asklB:skJ v .问：She asked whether I wanted tea or coffee.她问我要茶还是咖啡/ He asked me the tim e.他问我时间。

【 短语】ask for 请求；询问：I helped her ask for sick leave.我帮她请了病假asleep[E5sli:p] adj.睡着的, 熟睡的：As soon as he went to bed,he fell asleep.他一倒在床上就睡着了/ The child in the photowas fast asleep.照片中的那个孩子睡得好熟 注意】asleep是形容词，而sleep是动词assistant[E5sistEnt] n.助手，助理：My assistant will come to meet you.我的助手将来和你见面 / What is the laboratory assistant doing? I seldom can find h im .实验室助理员在忙什么？我很少能找到他at[Et] prep.在：He left his textbook at hom e.他把课本忘在了家Mo / At eight o'clock I will go to the movies.在 8 点钟时我要去看电影 短语】at all （ 用于否定句） 一点也不：He didn't like it at a ll.他根本不喜欢它。

at breakfast 早餐时：At breakfast, mother has already prepared for lunch.早餐的时候，妈妈已经为中餐做好了准备at home 在家：In winter holiday I would rather stay at home than go o u t.寒假我宁愿呆在家里也不出去at least至少，起码：The book has 400 pages at least.这本书至少有 400 页at midnight 在半夜：At midnight I had a nightmare.半夜我做 了一个噩梦at night 在晚上，在夜里：He went to evening school at night.晚上他去上过夜校at school在学校：We don't stay at school at the weekends.周末我们不呆在学校at se a在大海上：A ship is sailing at sea. 一艘轮船在大海上航行at the age o f在. . 岁时： At the age of 10 he had already entered the middle school.他10岁就上了初中。

at the beginning o f开始； . . .起初:At the beginning of football game, our class got 2 scores o 足球赛刚开始我们班就进了两个球at the end o f在……结尾，到……尽头：At the end of street, there is a b ar.街的尽头有一家酒吧at thehead of 在. . .的前头：At the head of classroom there is a blackboard and platform.教室的前面是黑板和讲台at the moment此亥ij： I'm afraid she's busy at the moment.很抱歉， 她现在很忙at the same time 同时：I can't think about more than one thingat the same tim e.我不能一心二用at times 有时，偶尔：He laughs at me at tim es.他有时会嘲笑我attack[E5tAk] v .攻击，袭击:Three men attacked him and stole his money.三个人袭击了他，抢走了他的钱。

attract[E5trAkt] v .吸引：Flowers attract bees.花吸引蜜蜂/ Thefilm star attracts many fans.这位电影明星吸引了大群的影迷August[5C:gEst] A 8 月 :Middle Autumn Day is in A ugust.中秋节在八月aunt[B:nt] n .姨母，舅母；姑母，伯母，婶母：Please say hello tomy aunt.请代我向姨妈问好Australia[C5streiljE] n ,澳大利亚：What's the population of Australia ?澳大利亚的人口是多少？autumn[5C:tEm] n .秋天, 秋季：It is cool in Autumn.秋天天气凉爽/ I knew him last autumn.我是去年秋天认识他的awake[E5weik] adj.清醒的：We shall keep awake when we havean exam .考试时我们要保持头脑清醒 短语】be awake 醒着的：I was awake when mother called me.妈妈叫我的时候我已经醒了。

away[E5wei] adv.离开: How long will you be aw ay?你将离开多久？Bbaby[5beibi| n.婴儿；幼畜：Babies can usually sit up when theyare about six months o ld .婴儿一般六个月大就能坐起来/ Thebaby panda is very tiny when it is born.小熊猫生下来时很小back[bAk] adv.回（ 原处） ；向后：Please go back to your seat.请回到你的座位上去n.背部； 后面：There he stood with his backto m e .他背对着我站着bad[bAd] （ worse, worst） adj.坏的，严重的：Too much sugar is bad for your teeth.吃太多糖对你的牙齿不好/ He has got a badcold.他患了重感冒badly[5bAdli] adv.严重地，恶劣地：His left leg was badly hurt.他的左腿受了重伤/ He behaved badly.他表现不佳。

baglbAg] n .书包：Now our bags are fashion.现在我们的书包很时尚 / My mother washes my bag each m onth.妈妈每个月给我洗一次书包ball[bC:l] n.球 :He threw the ball and then caught i t .他把球扔起来再接住 / Beckham kicked the ball into the goal again.贝克哈姆又踢进了一个球bamboo[bAm5bu:] n.竹子：Bamboo often grows to a height of 120 feet.竹子常可长到 120 英尺 / It is difficult to paint bamboo.竹子难画banana[bE5nB:nE] n.香蕉：Banana is a kind of delicious fruit.香蕉是一种美味的水果band[bAnd] n.乐队：The guitar band is popular.这支吉他乐队很受欢迎bank[bANk] n.（ 海，河，湖） 的岸，堤：We are fishing on the leftbank.我们在河的左岸钓鱼。

n.银行：Now government doesn'tencourage people to put the money in the bank.现在政府不鼓励人们把钱存进银行base[beis] v.以. . . 作根据，基于：Your future bases on your character.你的性格决定你的未来 短语】 base on 以. . .为根据： We shall always base our opinionon facts.我们的意见都要以事实为依据baseball[5beisbC:l] n.棒球：She is playing in the school baseballteam.她是校棒球队的队员be[bi:J v.是； 成为（ 现在式am, is, are； 过去式was, were； 过去分词been；现在分词 being） ： Do you want to be a teacher in the future?你想将来当老师吗? / It is five o,clock now.现在5 点钟beach[bl:tF] n.海（ 河, 湖） 滩：The children long to go out on thebeach.孩子们都吩望到海滩上去。

/ They fetched clamshells on thebeach.他们到海滩上去捡贝壳bear[beEJ n .熊：There's my Teddy bear.那是我的玩具熊beat[bi:t] （ beat,beaten） v.打败；敲打: He always beats me at tennis . 他打网球总是赢我 / The rain was beating on the roof of thecar.雨滴敲打着车顶beautiful[5bju:tifl] adj.美丽的, 漂亮的: How beautiful the day is !今天天气真好 / We all admire her beautiful dress.我们都羡慕她那漂亮的连衣裙because[bi5kC:z] conj.因为： We didn't go out for a walk becauseit was raining.因为下着雨，所以我们没有出去散步 注意】汉语习惯上说“ 因为……所以……” ，但在英语里却不能将so 与 because连用become[bi5kQm] (became,become) v.变成，变得，成为：We became friends.我们成了朋友。

/ He became an actor when he grewu p .当他长大时， 他成了一名演员 短语】become of 发生( 某种情况) ：What has become of your beautiful piano?你漂亮的钢琴怎么了？bed I bed] n.床：His doctor asked him to stay in bed until tomorrow. 他的医生让他呆在床上，直到明天 短语】 go to bed 睡觉：At night I go to bed at 10 o'clock.晚上我 10 点钟睡觉make the bed 整理床铺：You'd better make thebed after you get u p .起床后你最好整理好床铺bedroom[5bedrum] n .卧室：There are three bedrooms in the house .这套房子有3间卧室beef[bi： f] n,牛肉：Many Chinese doesn't like beefsteak.很多中国人不喜欢吃牛排beer[biE] n.啤酒：We had several beers.我们喝了几瓶啤酒。

/ Three beers, please,请来三瓶啤酒before[bi5fC:] prep.在. . .之前：I went skating the night before 1a st.前天晚上我去溜冰了adv.以前：I hadn't liked to read poems before.我以前不喜欢读诗歌 短语】before long 不久以后：Before long we shall meet again.不久以后我们会再相见的beg[beg] 乂恳求，乞讨：He came to beg my help.他是来请我帮忙的/H e was so poor that he had to beg for his m eals.他是那样穷，不得不向别人讨饭吃/ I beg him to stay.我请求他留下来 短语】beg one's pardon 请原谅：I beg your pardon.请原谅begin[bi5gin] (began, begun) v .开始；着手：School begins again in September.学校 9 月份又开学了/ We begin work at 8 o'clock .我们8点钟开始工作。

短语】to begin with 首先：Would you like milk to begin with?你要不要先喝牛奶？beginning[bi5gir) iN] n .开始，开端： A good beginning makes a good ending.善始才能善终 / This will be a new beginning for me.这对我将是一个新的挑战behind[bi5haind] prep.在. . .后面：The sun went behind a cloud.太阳躲到云后面去了/ He sat just behind m e .他就坐在我后面believe[bi5li： v] v.相信；认为:How could you believe such a rumor ?你怎么会相信这种谣传？ / I don't believe in that sort of thing.我不信你那一套 短语】believe it or not 信不信由你：Believe it or not, English food can sometimes be quite good.不管你信不信，英国的饭菜有时候也相当好。

make believe 假装：He made believe not to hearme. 他假装没听到我的话be!ow[bi5IEu] prep.在. . .下：I hope the cost will be below a dolla r.我希望费用低于1美元beside[bi5said] prep.在. . . 旁边：Our school is beside the river.我们学校在江边/ Come and sit beside m e .过来，坐在我身边best[best] adj.最好的:He is one of the best students in the class.他是班上最好的学生之一o/ East, west, home is b est.东跑西跑,家里最好adv.最好地:I worked best in the cool weather.天气凉爽时我工作状态最好【 短语】do one's best 尽力：You must do your best.你必须全力以赴best-seller[best5selE] n .畅销货（ 书）：The best-seller at the bookshop is Harley English.书店里的畅销书是哈利英语。

better[5betE] adj. （ good 或 well 的比较级） 较好的， 更好的：This isa better example than the first.这个例子比第一个好 / He playsbasketball better than his brother.他篮球打得比他哥哥好between[bi5twl:n] p rep .在（ 两者） 之间：The plane flies between London and New Y ork.这架飞机往返于伦敦和纽约之间 / There isa park between the two shopping centers.这两个购物中心之间有个公园big[big] a d j.大的:The room is not big enough.这个房间不够大/ I think we have made a big mistake.我认为我们犯了一个大错误bikefbaik] n .自行车：I go to school by bike.我骑自行车去上学bill[bil| n .帐单，清单；纸币:I hadn't paid the telephone b ill.我还没交费。

/ How much is the bill for the electricity?电费是多少？/ Your bill comes to 50 yuan.你需付 50 元billion[5biliEn]十亿：China has over 1.3 billion popularity.中国人口超过了 13 亿/ A human adult has about 100 billion cells.成人身上约有一千亿个细胞biology[bai5CIEdVi] n.生物（ 学） ：In biology we study plants and anim als.生物学研究植物和动物 / I'm interested in biology.我对生物感兴趣bird[bE:d] 〃. 鸟：A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. 一鸟在手胜过二鸟在林/ The early bird gets the worm .捷足者先登birthday[5bE:Wdei] n .生日：This is my birthday gift for y o u .这是我送给你的生日礼物。

/ Let me wish you a happy birthday.祝你生日快乐bit[bit] n .一点儿；小片：Bits of glass were all over the floor.地上尽是碎玻璃/ Behind my house is a bit of land.我家房子后面有一小块地 短语】a bit (o f)少量( 的) ， 一点：I can only have a bit of wine.我只能喝一点儿白酒/ He?s a bit tired.他有点儿累/ The coat is a bit too short.这大衣稍微短了点儿black[blAk] adj.黑色的：My brother was wearing a black watch.我弟弟戴了一块黑色的表n .黑色：He shows us some photographs in black and w hite.他给我们看了一些黑白照片blackboard[5blAkbC:d] n.黑板：Our teacher was writing on the blackboard.老师正在黑板上写字/ Look at the blackboard, please.请看黑板。

blind[blaind] adj.瞎的，盲的：Some beggars pretend to be blindmen. 一些乞丐假装成盲人 / The blind man has a dog to help him .这个盲人有一条狗帮助他blousefblauz] n.女衬衫：That woman in a red blouse is our Chinese teacher.那个穿红衬衫的妇女是我们的语文老师 / The blousecost me 30 yuan.这件衬衫花了我30元blow[blEu] (blew, blown) v.吹：The wind was blowing hard.风刮得很厉害/ The wind blew out the lam p.风把灯吹灭了blue[blu:] adj.蓝色的：The sky is deep blue.天空是深蓝色的n.蓝色：Her face is blue with cold.她的脸冻得发青boat[bEut] n.船：The cave can only be reached by boat.那山洞要乘船才可到达v .划船:We go boating on the lake every weeken d .我们每个周末都有到湖上划船。

boating[5bEutiN] n.划船：Both of us are interested in boating.我们俩都喜欢划船body[5bCdiJ n.身体：My father has a strong and health body.我爸爸有一副健壮的身体book[buk] v.预定（ 戏票，车票等） ：We've booked the seats for tomorrow's basketball m atch.我们已经为明天的篮球赛定了座位n.书：He has a book under his arm .他腋下夹着一本书bookmark[5bukmB:k] n.书签：I put a bookmark into each book.我在每本书里都放了一张书签bookshop[5bukFCp] n.书店：There is a bookshop at the end of the street.在街道的尽头有一家书店boot[bu:t] n.靴子:Last winter boots are very popular.去年冬天靴子很流行boring[5bC:riN] adj.令人厌烦的：What a boring film !多么无聊的电影呀！born[bC:n] v.出生：Chairman Mao was bom in Hunan province.毛主席是湖南人。

/ He was born in a rich fam ily.他出生于一个富裕的家庭 短语】be b o rn出生：No man is born w ise.没有人生来就聪明borrow[5bCrEu] v . 借：I borrowed some books from the library.我从图书馆借了一些书 辨析】borrow和lend：两者都可表示" 借" ，但 是borrow指 “ 借入”，而l e n d则指“ 借出” ，两者是一对反义词【 辨析】borrow sth from sb (sth )从某人( 某处) 借某物；lend sth tosb = lend sb sth借给某人某物both[bEuW] adj.两者：Both women were French.两位女士都是法国人pron.两者：They have both seen the E lm .他俩都看过这部影片 搭配】 both …and..............和. . .都：She both speaks Japanese andwrites Japanese.她不但能讲日语，而且能用日语写作 / I like both him and his w ife.他们俩口子我都喜欢。

bottle[5bCtl] n.瓶：You'd better take a bottle of water with you.最好带瓶水/ There is little air in the bottle.瓶子里几乎没有空气 短语】 a bottle of 一瓶. . .：Open another bottle of apple juice.再开一瓶苹果汁bowl[bEul] n.碗：She handed him a bowl of soup.她递给了他一碗汤box[bCks] n.盒子，箱子：We opened the lid and looked inside the bo x .我们打开箱盖往里看boy[bCi] n .男孩:He is a smart boy.他是个聪明的孩子bread[bred] n.面包：Would you like some bread and butter?您要不要黄油面包？break[breik] n.( 课间，工间) 休息时间：After class we have a break .课间我们会休息一下broke, broken) v.折断；断裂；破碎：The boy broke the vase to pieces.那个男孩把花瓶打碎了。

breakfast[5brekfEst] n.早餐：It is said that breakfast is very important to our body.据说早餐对我们的身体很重要breathe[bri:Tj v.呼吸：A plant breathes through its leaves.植物通过叶子呼吸 / Let's go out and breathe the fresh a ir.走到外面去呼吸新鲜空气bridge[bridVj n.桥； 桥牌：They built a bridge over the river.他们在河上修建了一座桥/ Can you play bridge?你会打桥牌吗？bright[brait] adj.明亮的，灿烂的：The light is too bright for thehuman ey e.这光线亮得人眼受不了brightly[5braitli] adv.明亮地，灿烂地：The diamond in the sun shines brightly.钻石在阳光下闪闪发光bring[briN] (brought, brought) v .带来，拿来：Bring me two coffees, please.请给我两杯咖啡。

/ Is it all right if I bring my friend to the party?我想带我的朋友去这个聚会，行吗？【 短语】bring up 带大，抚养成人：He was brought up by his uncie. 他是被他叔叔带大的Britain[5britnJ n.英国；不列颠( 岛X英格兰、威尔士和苏格兰的总称) ：Britain includes England, Wales and Scotland.不列颠岛是由英格兰，威尔士和苏格兰组成/ Big Ben in Britain is famous athome and abroad.英国的大本钟驰名海内British[5britiF] adj.英国的；英国人的:London is the British capital.伦敦是英国的首都broken[5brEukEn] adj. 弄坏了的：The washing-machine is broken.洗衣机坏了broom[bru:m] n.扫帚：I got a broom and swept the living-room floor.我拿来扫帚扫了扫起居室的地板。

/ Cleaners are sweeping up the leaves with brooms.清洁工正用扫帚把树叶扫到一起brother[5brQTE] n .兄，弟：I have only one brother.我只有一个哥哥/ Tom and Jim are brothers.汤姆和吉姆是兄弟brown[braun] adj.棕色的，褐色的：He has brown hair and blue eyes.他长着棕色的头发蓝蓝的眼睛n .棕色：She is often in brown .她常穿棕色衣服brush[brQFJ n.刷子；毛笔；画笔：He is painting with a brush.他正在用刷子刷油漆 短语】writing brush 毛笔：Writing brush is common in China.毛笔在中国很常见build[bild] (built, built ) v.建立， 建造， 建设:We plan to build anew school in our village.我们打算在村里建一所新学校 / Thiswill help to build world peace and understanding,这将有助于建立世界和平和谅解。

building[5bildiN] n.建筑物：There are five teaching buildings in our school.我们学校有 5 栋教学楼 / Building 15 is the library. 15号楼是图书馆bus[bQs] n.公共汽车：On Monday the bus is always so crowded.星期一公交车上总是那么拥挤 / The bus in big city is quite convenient.大城市里公交车很方便 短语】 bus station 公共汽车站：Many people are waiting for thebus at the bus station.很多人在公共汽车站等车 / To my surprise, I met him at the bus station.没想到我在公共汽车站遇到了他business[5biznis] n.商业，生意；事务：In October our teacher hasto go to Beijing on business. 10月份老师不得不去北京出差/Mind your own business.不要管闲事。

/ It's none of your busines s .那与你无关businessman[5biznismEn] n.商人：His father is a successful businessm an.他的爸爸是个成功的商人busy[5bizi]以仇忙的, 繁忙的：Although she is busy, she doesn't still forget to call her parents.虽然她很忙， 但她仍记得给父母打 短语】be busy doing 忙着做. . .：She is busy studying all day 1ong but it is not useful for h er.她整天都忙于学习但一点效果也没有but[bQt] conj,而是；但是：It was not I but my brother who spoke to you on the telephone.在里和你讲话的是我哥哥不是我prep.除了 ： He seemed to care for no one but himself.他好像除了自己谁也不关心 短语】not only-but also… 不仅. . .而且. . .：He can speak not only English but also French.他不但会讲英语还会讲法语。

butter[5bQtE] n.黄汕：Do you want more butter on your bread ?你想再要点黄油抹在面包上吗？ / Butter and bread is Tom's favorite.黄油面包是汤姆的最爱button[5bQtn] n.按钮；纽扣：Can you sew this button on by yourself?你自己能把这颗纽扣钉上吗？buy[bai] （ bought, bought） v.买：He bought a birthday gift for hismother.他为妈妈买了份生日礼物by[bai] prep.用（ 手段，方法） ，乘（ 交通工具等） ；用：Please let meknow by E-m ail.请用电子邮件通知我/ He makes his living byteaching.他靠教育为生 短语】by bus（ plane / air, train, ship, sea）乘公共汽车（ 飞机， 火车，轮船，船） ：I went home by boat this tim e.这次我乘船叵I家bye[bai]加， 再见：Bye! See you on M onday.再见！星期一见。

Ccabbage[5kAbidV] n.卷心菜，洋白菜：The kitchen smells of boiled cabbage.厨房里有煮卷心菜的味道cafe[5kAfei] n.咖啡厅：We went into the cafe for coffee and dessert.我们到咖啡馆喝了咖啡，吃了些点心cage[keidV] n.笼( 子) ；鸟笼：The boy was locked up in a big cage . 那个男孩被关进了一个大笼子里cake[keik] n.蛋糕，饼，糕：His mother brought in a cake coveredwith 12 candles.他妈妈端进一块蛋糕，上面插了 12支蜡烛call[kC:IJ v.称呼，叫喊; 打给. . .：He called home almost every night.他几乎每天晚上往家里打n ：She is waiting for a long-distance call from New York.她正在等一个纽约来的长途camera[5kAmErE] n.照相机：We often take a camera when we go to travel.旅行时我们常带着相机。

can[kEnj (could) v.aux.能，可以， 会： She can sing many Englishsongs.她会唱许多首英文歌 / Tom can write very fast.汤姆可以写得很快 用法】情态动词can没有人称和数的变化，后接动词原形Canada[5kAnEdE] n.加拿大： Canada is divided into ten provincesand two territories.加拿大分为十个省和两个地区Canadian[kE5neidjEn] n.加拿大人： Farming is important for Canadian.农业对加拿大人来说很重要cancer[5kAnsE] n.癌症：There are many forms of cancer.有许多形式的癌症 / It is difficult to cure some cancers.一些癌症很难治好candle[5kAndlJ n.蜡烛： There is a candle burning in my room.我房间里点着一支蜡烛cap[kApJ n.便帽, 军帽：The white cap is worth 10 yuan.这个白色的便帽值10元钱。

辨析】cap和 hat：前者指没有帽檐或仅在前面有帽檐的帽子；后者指四周有帽檐的帽子capital[5kAptl] n.首都: Beijing is the capital of China.北京是中国的首都 / At last they reached the capital city.最后他们来到了首府captain[5kAptin] n.（ 足球队等） 队长: John is captain of the tennis team .约翰是这支网球队的队长car[kB:] n.汽车， 小汽车： He goes to work by car.他坐小车上班card[kB:d] n.纸牌；卡片：I beat him at cards.我打牌赢了他 / People often send cards to each other on Christmas Day.在圣诞节人们互送贺卡carefkeE] v.介意，在乎，关心：I dorft care where we go , as long as we are together.只要我们在一起，去哪儿我都无所谓/ Ifyou care to hear it, I will tell you.如果你想听， 我就告诉你。

n.小心，照料，保护：Those sick children were placed under the care of the best nurse.那些生病的小孩已经交给最好的护士照料了 短语】take care of 照料，照管：I'll take good care of him .我会好好照顾他的careful[5keEfl] adj.小心的， 仔细的: Be careful of your eyes.你要注意保护眼睛 / Be careful when crossing the street.过马路要小心carefully[5keEfEIi] adv.小心地，仔细地：Please carefully carry that glass.拿玻璃时请小心 / I read his letter carefully.我仔细读了他的来信careless[5keElisJ adj.粗心的， 大意的：5 was very careless of him.他太粗心了/ He is careless in everything.他做什么事都很粗心carrot[5kArEt] n .胡萝卜：In winter carrot is very expensive.冬季胡萝卜很贵。

/ Have some more carrots.再吃一些胡萝卜carry[5kAri] vt.携带，搬运，运送：He carried his luggage from the bus to the train.他把行李从公共汽车上搬到火车上 / I nevercarry much money with m e .我身上从不带太多的钱 短语】 carry out 实行，执行，进行：He decides to carry out hisfather,s dream .他决定去实现他父亲的梦想carry o n坚持下去，继续下去：We will carry on our conversation tomorrow.我们明天继续谈cat[kAt] n.猫：When the cats are away, the mice will play.猫儿不在，老鼠横行/ A cat has nine lives.猫有九条命catch[ kAtF] (caught, caught) v .捉，抓住：The early birds catch thew orm .捷足者先登/ The police caught the thief as he ran .警察抓住了乘机逃跑的小偷。

短语】 catch up with 赶上：If you want to catch up with him,you must work harder.如果你想赶上他，你必须更加努力工作cause[kC:z] v.引起：What cause the pain on earth, Dr. B ill?比尔大夫，究竟是什么引起这种疼痛？ / You have caused me enoughproblems!你给我造成的问题已经够多了CD[5si:5di:] n.激光唱片:The CDs are in the drawer.那些激光唱片在抽屉里 短语】CD player 激光唱机：His new CD player is beautiful andconvenient.他的新激光唱机既漂亮又方便celebrate[5selibreit] v.庆祝： We celebrated the Spring Festival with a party at school.在学校我们举行宴会庆祝春节 / We decidedto celebrate （ her birthday） with a party. 我们决定举行一■个晚会来庆祝一下（ 她的生日） 。

cent[sent] n.（ 货币） 分：I have got a good idea. It will not cost usa cent.我有一个好主意，我们一分钱也不用花/ There are onehundred cents in a dollar. 1 美元合 100 美分center[5sentE] n .中心：There is a coin in the center of the table.桌子的中央有一枚硬币 / Beijing is the cultural center of China.北京是中国的文化中心century[5sentFEri] 〃. 世纪，百年:We live in the 20th century.我们生活在 20 世纪/ There have been two World Wars duringthis century.本世纪发生了两次世界大战 注意】century指的是耶稣基督出生之前或之后每一百年的期间国际通用的公历纪元（ 即公元） 就是从耶稣诞生那一年算起的， 每过一百年或每往前一百年即为一个centuryocertainly[5sE:tnliJ adv.当然：The glass will certainly break if youdrop i t .如果你把玻璃丢在地上它肯定会破。

/ —May I borrow your bike?我可以借你的自行车吗？ 一Certainly.当然可以chair[tFeEJ n.椅子：He sat down in a white chair beside my bed.他坐在我床边的一把白色椅子里/ There are enough chairs in the classroom for u s .教室里的椅子足够了challenge[5tFAIindV] n.提议，挑战：He accepted his friend's challenge to swim across the river.他接受了朋友要和他比赛游泳过河的提议/ This examination is a real challenge.这次考试是一次真正的挑战chance[tFB:nsJ n.机会： Do you really think I have another chance?你真的认为我还有一次机会吗？ / What are our chances in the final?我们决赛获胜的希望有多大？ / You have a good chance ofsuccess.你成功的机会很大。

短语】by chance偶然地，意外地无意中地：It happened by chance . 这是偶然发生的/ I met him by chance.我意外地碰到了他change[tFeindV] v.变换，变更，改变：We will change the date toJune 1st.我们将把日期改到6 月 1 号 / His speech changes mywhole life.他的话改变了我的一生channel[5tFAnl] n.海峡，航道；（ 广播的） 频道: He tried to remember how long it took to cross the Channel.他设法回忆起度过海峡需要多长时间/ There is an interesting program on Channel 4tonight.今晚第4 频道有精彩节目Chart [tFB:tJ n .图表：Let's watch the weather chart carefully.让我们仔细观察这张气象图 / I will teach you chow to make a chart with Auto CAD 2000. 我将教你们如何用 Auto CAD 2000 制图。

cheap[tFi:p] adj.便宜的: The pair of shoes are cheap at 50 yuan.这双鞋子定价50元算便宜的了/ Please show me a cheap one.请拿个便宜的给我看看check[tFek] v.检查；核对. ： After final exam, teachers are busy cheeking the examination papers.期末考试后老师正在忙着阅卷 / Please check and see if the money is right.请你把钱数一数 短语】check up（ on）检查; 核对; 检验：I will check up on them ater.我将核实这件事check-out[5tFekautJ n.（ 购货时的） 结帐台；收银台: She paid her bi1 1 at the check-out and left.她在收银台结了账就离开了cheese[tFi:z] n .奶酪： Cheese is made of milk.奶酪是牛奶做的 /She gave the little boy a cheese.她给这个小男孩一块乳酪。

chemistry[5kemistri] n .化学： This is the beginning of the scienceof organic chemistry.这是有机化学的开始chicken[5tFikin] n .鸡； 鸡肉： He keeps chickens on his farm.他在他的农场上还养鸡/ Do you like boiled or roast chicken?你喜欢吃煮鸡还是烤鸡？child[tFaild] n. d、 孩：He has been very brave since he was a child .他还是个孩子时就很勇敢children[5tFildrEn] n .小孩： June 1st is Children's Day. 6 月 1 日是儿童节 / He read most children's books.大部分儿童读物他都读To【 说明】children是 child的复数形式chimney[5tFimni] n .烟囱， 及 因 道 ： The factory chimneys poured smoke into the air.那些工厂的烟筒向空中排放废气。

/ The thief escaped from their chimney.小偷从他家的烟囱里逃跑了China[5tFainEj n .中国：China's population is by far the largest of any country.中国目前是世界上人口最多的国家Chinese[tFai5niz] a d j.中国的，中国人的: Chinese silk is famousin the world.中国的丝绸全世界都很出名n .中国人；汉语：Most people living there are Chinese.住在那里的人大部分是中国人chocolate[5tFCkElit] n ,巧克力，巧克力糖：I asked a cup of chocolate in McDonald.我在麦当劳要了一杯巧克力饮料/ Never eatchocolates before dinner.饭前决不要吃巧克力糖choose[tFU:z] (chose, chosen) v .选择，挑选：He was chosen as monitor.他被选为班长/ Choose me a good one.给我挑一个好的。

chopsticks[5tFCpstiksJ(pl.) n.筷子：Both Chinese and Japanese usechopsticks.中国人和日本人都用筷子/ Chopsticks can be madeof wood and bamboo.筷子可以用木材和竹子做Christmas[5krismEs] n .圣诞节：I hope we have a white Christmas . 我多么希望我们有一个下雪的圣诞节呀 / Merry Christmas!圣诞快乐！church[tFE:tF] n.教堂；教会：She has never enter this church.这座教堂她从没进过cinema[5sinEmEJ n .电影院；电影： There are three famous cinemas in the city.在这个城市里有3 家有名的电影院/ Lefs go to the cinema now ,去看电影吧circle[5sE:kl] n .圈子；圆：Let's put our desks in a circle.咱们把桌子摆成一圈儿吧v .环绕，绕行：I saw the bird circling in the sky.我看到那只鸟在上空盘旋。

city[5sitij n.城市：We have lived in the city for three years.我6]已经在这个城市住了 3 年了/ This is an industrial city.这是个工业城class[5klB:s] n.( 学校里的) 班级； 等级： We were both in the sameclass.那时我们在同一个班classmate[5klB:smeit] n .同班同学：I am his classmate in the colieg e .我是他大学的同班同学cIassroom[5klB:srum] n.教室： We often study by ourselves in theclassroom at night.晚上我们经常在教室里自习clean[kll:n] v.把... 弄干净，擦干净: She helped me clean my desks.她帮我把桌子擦干净了 adj.干净的，清洁的：This shirt isdirty, please wash it clean.这件衬衣是脏的，请把它洗干净【 短语】 clean up 清除，收拾干净：My mother has help me cleanup my room.妈妈已经帮我把房间收拾干净了。

clearly[5kliEli] adv.清楚地： Please speak more clearly, we can't hear you.请说得再清楚点儿，我们听不到clever[5klevE] adj.聪明的, 机灵的： How clever of him to do that!他那样做简直太聪明了climb[klaim] v.爬；攀登：We plan to climb a mountain tomorrow.明天我们打算去爬山 / The girl is good at climbing trees.这个小女孩擅长爬树clock[klCk] n.钟：He glanced at the clock again.他又看了看钟 注意】 只能用在整点钟之后如：He gets to school at eight o'clock.他 8 点钟到达学校close[klEuz] v.美 ,闭 : It is a little cold, would you please close the window?有点儿冷, 把窗户关一下好吗? / He closed the door and locked it.他把门关上并上了锁。

closed[klEuzd] adj.关着的：Keep your mouth closed.别吵clothes[5klEuTzJ (pl.) n.衣服: He has two suits of school clothes.他有两套校服 / He spends a lot of money on clothes.他在衣着上的花费很大cloud[klaud] n.云：The sun disappeared behind a cloud.太阳躲进云朵里去了 / The airplane flew above the clouds.飞机在云层上飞行cloudy[5klaudi] adj.多云的, 阴天的：The sky looks a bit cloudynow but I think it will clear u p .天空现在看来有点云，但我想会放晴club[5klQb] n.俱乐部；社团：They are all members of our bookclub他们都是我们读书会的成员/ The social club meets everyFriday.社交俱乐部每星期五聚会。

coat[kEut] n.外套, 上衣：Put on your co at.穿上你的外套 / Sheis wearing a fur coat.她穿着一件皮大衣code[kEud] n.密码；符号：You should learn to recognize this code .你应该识别这些符号/ That's a sort of code name Pve givento the m an.这是我给那人的一种代码coin[kCinJ n.硬币：He is collecting foreign coins.他正在收集外国硬币cold[kEuld] adj.冷的， 寒冷的：I find the water too cold.我觉得水太凉了/ You must be cold, come to the fire.你一定冷了,至火跟前来collect[kE5lekt] v.收集，搜集：He likes collecting stam ps.他喜欢集邮/ He collects books for the library.他为图书馆收集书籍colIege[5kClidV] n.学校;高等专科学校：I want to go to the teachers' college.我想上师范学院。

/ We are good friends in college.我们上大学时是好朋友co!or[5kQIE] n.颜色：The color of leaves is yellow in autumn.秋天树叶是黄色的v .给. 着色：She colored her hair yellow.她把头发染成了黄色colorful[5kQIEfl] adj.颜色艳丽的:It is a very colorful picture.这是一张色彩丰富的画/ There is a bird with colorful wings on the tree.树上有一只翅膀色彩艳丽的鸟come[kQmJ (came, come) v.来：I come from Hubei Province.我是湖北人/ Here comes the b u s.公交车来了【 短语】 come along 来，随同：Take every chance that comes along.抓住到来的每一个机会 come down下来：Has your temperature down?你热度降下来了吗？ / I hope they will soon come down in price.我希望他们不久会降价。

come in 进来， 进入： May Icome in ?我可以进来吗？ come on 来吧：Come on, Lily, give me a favor.李丽过来帮个忙吧come o u t出来；（ 花） 开：Some flowers have begun to come out. 一些花已经开始开放了/ The game came out as we had hoped.比赛结果正是我们所希望的come over 过来；顺便来访：They come over from the North to see u s.他们从北方过来看我们 / Come over when you have time.有空过来玩come true 实现：What he has hoped came true at 1ast.他的愿望最后实现了come up w ith找到；提出（ 答案，解决办法等） ：He came up with a new suggestion.他提出了一个新的建议comfortable[5kQmftEbl] adj,舒适的, 舒服的：I feel comfortable at his home.在他家我感到很舒服。

/ The room is hot and comfortable.这个房间既暖和又舒适competition[7kCmpE5tiFn] n .比赛，竞争：She came first in a writing competition.她书法比赛得了第一名/ So competition willbe tough.因此竞争会很激烈complain[kEm5plein] v.抱怨，发牢骚：She complained his carelessness.她抱怨他的粗枝大叶 / He complained to her about the foo d .他向她抱怨伙食不好composition[7kCmpE5ziFn] n.作文，作品: The teacher asked hisstudents to write 10 compositions in summer holiday.暑假老师给学生布置了 10篇作文computer[kEm5pju:tE] n ,电脑，电子计算机：Computer plays an important role in the office.在办公室里电脑发挥了重要的作用。

concert[5kCnsEt] n.音乐会，演奏会：Have you ever been to a concert before?你以前听过音乐会吗？conductor[kEn5dQktE] n.（ 汽车、电子上的） 售票员；（ 火车上的） 列车员: The conductor said she would tell me when to get off.售票员说她将告诉我在哪里下车confident[5kCnfidEnt] adj.有自信的;确信的: They were confidentin everything they did.他们对所做的一切都充满信心/ Fm confident that I can beat him .我确信我可以打败他congratulations[kEn7grAtFu5leiFnz]（ pL） n .祝贺，庆祝：Congratulations on winning the race.祝贺你比赛获胜 注意】常跟介词on搭配conversation[7kEnvE5seiFn] n.会话，谈话：Their conversation lasted several hours.他们的谈话持续了好儿个小时。

/ I had an interesting conversation with him .我和他进行了一次有趣的谈话cook[kuk] v.烹调，煮：She cooked us some potatoes.她给我们煮了些土豆n .厨师：Are you a good cook?你饭做得好吗？cookie[5kuki] n.小甜饼：He taught me to do this kind of cookie.他教会我做这种小甜饼cool[ku:l] adj.凉的; （ 俚语） 了不起的：I want to get some cool.我想乘乘凉 / In her eyes he is the coolest boy.在她眼里他是最酷的男孩 说明】 当今年轻人常说的“ 酷” 的谐音copy[5kCpiJ v.抄写，誉写：I copy the text into my book.我把这篇课文抄到本子上/ Please copy my actions.请按我的动作做corn[kC:n] n.（ 美） 玉米； 谷类庄稼:Com is the largest crop in theUnited states.玉米是美国最重要的农作物。

/ I often gathered corn when I was young.小时候我经常拾谷物corner[5kC:nE] n.角落；（ 街道） 拐角：There is a bookshop at thecorner of the road.路的拐角处有一家书店 / Two sat down in acorner.两人在一个角落坐下correct[kE5rekt] v.改正：Please correct my pronunciation.请纠正我的发音/ You'd better correct your mistake seriously.你最好认真改正错误cost[kCst] （ cost, cost ） v.花费（ 金钱，时间等） :The pair of shoescost me 50 yuan.这双鞋子花了我 50 块钱/ It cost me one hour to recite the poem .我花了一个小时去背这首诗cotton[5kCtn] n.棉花：His coat is made of cotton in the seed.他的外套是用棉絮做的。

/ Where is cotton grown?哪里种植棉花？cough[kCfJ v.咳嗽：He coughed day and night.他日夜不停地咳嗽/ The smoke made me cough.烟呛得我直咳嗽could[kEd] v.aux.会，能：Could I possibly borrow your car?我可否借用你的车？ / Could you open the door for m e?请你替我开门行吗？【 说明】could是can的过去式形式，通常用来表许可或请求country[5kQntri] n .国家; 乡村，农村:He was ready to die for his country.他准备为祖国献出生命/ My uncle has a farm in the country.我叔叔在乡下有个农场countryside[5kQntrisaid] n .乡下，农村:In spring, the English countryside is green.春天，英国农村一片绿色cousin[5kQzn] n.堂（ 表） 兄弟；堂（ 表） 姐妹:He is a cousin of mine.他是我的堂（ 表） 兄弟。

cover[5kQvEj v.覆盖：Please cover the bowl with a piece of paper .请用纸把碗盖上/ Flood covers our fields.洪水淹没了我们的田地cowlkau] n.奶牛：There is a black cow in the meadow.草地上有头黑奶牛/ The Frenchman said, “I want something for my cow. ”这个法国人说：“ 我要给我的奶牛买点东西crash[krAF] v.坠落; 冲撞:The building crashed to the ground.那楼倒坍了croplkrCp] n.庄稼；收成：The crops have failed this year.今年庄稼歉收/ Snow promises a rich crop.瑞雪兆丰年cross[krCs] n.十字形记号：The cross on the map shows where our house i s .地图上的十字形记号显示我们房子的位置v .越过，穿过：You can't cross here, there's too much traffic.不能在这里过马路，车太多了。

crossing[5krCsiNJ n.十字路口, 交叉点：Be careful when you getto the railway crossing,到铁路道口时要小心 / Turn right at thesecond crossing.在第二个十字路口向右拐crowd[kraud] v.拥挤：Many people crowded around a speaker.许多人围着一个演讲的人/ They crowded into the hall.他们挤进了大厅cry[krai] v.哭 , 喊 叫 :The man in the river was crying for help.掉在河里的人在呼救 / The little boy was crying because he hadlost his w ay.小男孩在哭，因为他迷了路cup[kQp] n.杯子:The empty cup stands on the table.空杯子在桌上/ Will you have another cup of tea?请再喝一杯茶，好吗？cupboard[5kQbEd] n.碗橱； 小橱（ 柜） ：Put the bowl back into thecupboard.把这个碗放回柜内。

cut[kQtJ（ cut, cut ） v.割 , 砍 ，切：Please cut this piece of string.请剪断这根绳子/ I cut my finger.我把手指割破了 短语】 cut down 砍倒：They are cutting down trees.他们正在伐木/ Seven trees have been cut down.有 7 棵树给砍倒了Ddad[dAd] n. （ 口语） 爸爸，爹爹: Dad and I had a good laugh overit.我和爸爸为此大笑了一场/ Where shall we go, dad?爸，咱们到哪儿去？dance[dB:ns] v.跳舞： That music always makes me want to dance.听到这支乐曲我就想跳舞/ She dances well.她舞跳得好danger[5deindVE] n.危险：I warned him of the danger.我警告过他说有危险/ They saved him from danger.他们使他脱险了dangerous[5deindVErEs] adj.危险的：The more dangerous it is, the more I like it.越是危险我越喜欢。

/ I don't regard you as being dangerous.我觉得你这个人并不危险dark[dB:k] adj.深（ 浓） 色的; 黑暗的: The cave was quite dark insid e .洞里相当黑/ It began to get dark.天黑下来了 / I like that suit of dark color.我喜欢那套深颜色的衣服date[deit] n .日期: What is the date today?今天是几号? / The date on this letter is 7 July 1975.信上写的日期是 1975 年7 月 7 日daughter[5dC:tE] n.女儿： They have two sons and one daughter.他们有两个儿子和一个女儿day[dei] n. 日；一天：Every day they went to the park nearby.他们每天到附近的公园去/ Can 1 have the day off tomorrow?明天我可以请假吗？【 短语】 in the day 在白天：He is always working at night and sleeping in the day.他总是晚上工作白天睡觉。

daytime[5deitaimj n .白天：You can't see them in the daytime.在白天，你看不见他们dead[ded] adj.死的：There's a dead cat in the house.房里有只死猫deaf [def] adj.聋的： She is deaf in (of) one ear.她一只耳朵是聋的deal[dl:l] n. ( 口语) 协议; 交易：We have made a deal with an Italian company.我们已经与一家意大利公司达成协议 / We need asquare deal.我们需要公平的待遇death[deW] n.死，死亡：The death of a friend is always sad. 一个朋友的去世总是令人悲伤的 / Most people are afraid of death.多数人都害怕死亡December[di5sembE] n.十二月：December is the last month of the year.十二月是一年的最后一个月 / The weather in Decemberis cold.十二月的天气很冷。

decide[di5said] v.决定；决心：You'll have to decide what to do.你得决定做什么 / The date hasn't been decided y et.日期还没有定好decision[di5siVn] n .决定; 决心：The man lacks decision.这个人缺乏判断力/ They have made the final decision.他们作出了最后的决定The street is decorated with red flags.街上悬挂着红旗deep[di:p] adj.深的：The river is not deep and big ships can notuse it.这条河不深，大船不能航行/ The lake is three meters deep.湖水深3 米deer[diE] n.鹿： We saw a herd of deer of twenty.我们看见一群 20 只的鹿 说明】deer的单数和复数形式同形delicious[di5liFEs] adj.美味的, 可口的：They tasted delicious.太好吃了。

/ What delicious food you've cooked!你做了多么好吃的食物啊！describe[di5skraib] v.描写， 叙述： She described the man she hadseen.她描述她看见过的那个人的模样/ He described his journey at full length.他详细地介绍了他的旅程description[di5skripFn] n.描写，叙述：The scenery of the West Lake is beautiful beyond description.西湖风景美得难以形容/ She gave us a description of him .她向我们描述了他的模样desert[5dezEt] n.沙漠： The Sahara is the biggest desert in the worid .撒哈拉是世界上最大的沙漠/ Once an Arab was traveling in the desert on his camel.从前有一位阿拉伯人骑着骆驼在沙漠中旅行deserve[di5zE:v] v.应得；值得. . .：The question deserves your attention.这个问题值得你注意。

/ Jill deserves a holiday after somuch work.吉尔干这么多工作，应享受一次假期desk[desk] n.书桌：He is working at his desk.他正伏案工作detective[di5tektiv] n.侦探：A railway detective arrested him. 一个铁路侦探逮捕了他 / They are detective stories.那些是侦探故事develop[di5veIEp] v.发展；研制, 开发：Our knowledge grows andthe universe develops.我们的知识在增长而宇宙在发展 / He developed the little shop into a big store.他把小铺子发展成一个大商店diagram[5daiEgrAm] n .图表： Look at the diagram and choose theright words.看图表选择正确的词diary[5daiEri] n .日记； 日记本：I used to keep a diary.我从前记日记。

/ He begins to write in his diary.他开始在他的日记本上写东西dictionary[5dikFEnri] n.字典，词典：Are these your dictionaries?这些词典是你的吗？ / If you don't know the word, look it up ina dictionary.你如果不认识单词，可以查词典die[dai] v.死：Plants and people will die without water.没有水，植物就要枯死，人就要渴死 / He died for the country.他为国捐躯了different[5difrEnt] adj.不同的：It was quite different from what Iexpected.它和我原来想的很不一样/ He is different from me.他与我不同difficult[5difikElt] adj.困难的, 难的: There's nothing difficult about it.这没有什么困难 / It is difficult for me to pass the drivingtest.对我来说要通过驾驶考试是很困难的。

dig[dig] (dug, dug) v.挖，掘：They are digging sweet potatoes.他们在挖白薯/ We dug a deep well.我们挖了一口深井digital[5didVitl] adj.数字式的：He bought a digital watch.他买了一块数字式手表 / Digital display has been common.数字显示已经很普通了dim[dim] adj.微暗的；昏暗的： He can't see in the dim light.光线暗淡，他看不见东西 / We can't read because the light is too dim .灯光太暗了，我们无法看书dinner[5dinE] n.正餐，晚餐: Time for dinner.吃饭的时间到了/ What time is dinner served?什么时候开饭？directly[di5rektli] adv.直接地：The train goes directly to London.这列火车直达伦敦/ He answered my question very directly.他很直率地回答了我的问题。

dirty[5dE:ti] adj.脏的： The boys were very dirty after playing football.这些男孩子踢完足球一身弄得很脏 / He is washing his dirty clothes.他正在洗他的脏衣服disappear[7disE5piE] v.消失：He walked away and disappeared into a crowd of people.他走开了，消失在人群中disappearance[7disE5piErEns] n.消失；失踪：Nobody knows thereason for his disappearance.谁也不知道他为什么不见了discover[dis5kQvE] v.发现，发觉：Columbia discovered America in 1492.哥伦布于 1492 年发现了美洲 / We have discovered thathe is quite careful in his work.我们发现了他工作很仔细discuss[di5skQs] v.讨论，议论：We discussed our plans for the new term.我们讨论了我们在新的学期中的计划。

/ When are we going to discuss the matter?我们什么时候讨论这个问题？discussion[di5skQFn] n.讨论：The discussion is beside the question .讨论离题了/ Your suggestion is still under discussion.你的建议还在讨论中disease[di5zi:z] n.疾病： He died of a heart disease.他死于心脏病dish[diF] n.盘，碟；一道菜：There is some fish in the dish.盘子里有鱼/ Put the meat on the dish.把肉放在盘子里displayldi5splei] v.陈 歹 ll： Posters for the concert were displayed throughout the city.音乐会的海报在市内随处可见 短语】on display 陈列，展览：A new kind of car was on display in the shop.店中有一种新车展出。

disturb[di5stE:b] v .妨碍,打扰：May I disturb you for a moment?我打扰你一会儿行吗？ / Don't disturb the sleeping child.不要弄醒睡觉的孩子dive[daivj v .潜入（ 水中） ；跳水：A pass-by dived in and saved thedrowning man. 一个过路人跳进水里救起那溺水的男子diver[5daivE] n .潜入水中的人；潜水员：He is a deep-sea diver.他是深海潜水员do[dU： dU] （ did, done）上做，干，行动：I used to do business with h im .我过去常和他有业务往来 / He has done his w ork.他已做完了他的工作 短语】do one's homework 做作业：He often does his homeworkafter school.他常在放学后做作业do some reading （ cooking, shopping, cleaning）阅读（ 做饭，买东西, 打扫卫生） ：We did somereading last night.昨晚我们看了一■会儿书。

do well i n在. . 方面做得好：He does well in his English.他的英语不错doctor[5dCktE] n .医生：We must send for a doctor at once.我们得马上请医生 / I asked the doctor for her advice.我请医生给予建议dog[dCg] n .狗：He lived with a hunting dog together.他和一只猎犬生活在一起dollar[5dCIE] n .元（ 美国、加拿大等的货币单位） ：He had one hundred dollars in hand.他手头有 100 美元door[dC：] n . 门： Go through the door on your right and into the office.穿过右边门到办公室去/ He stood at the door.他站在门Dodoorbell[5dC:bel] n .门铃:The doorbell rang and ran g .门铃响了又响doub!e[5dQblJ adj.两倍的，双的：He got double pay.他获得了双薪。

/ I am doing double work now.我正在做双份工作 n .两倍：Four is double of tw o.四是二的两倍down[daun] adv.向下：We sat and watched the sun go down.我们坐在那里欣赏夕阳西下download[daun5IEudJ v.下载： It is useful to download the data from the Internet.从网上下载资料很有用/ We can choose many tools to download.我们可以选择很多下载工具downstairs[7daun5steEz] adv.在楼下，往楼下：He fell downstairsand broke his arm .他从楼梯上摔下来，胳膊都摔断了/ Are you downstairs?你在楼下吗？draw[drC:] (drew, drawn) v.画，绘制：Shall 1 draw you a m叩 ofhow to get there?我要不要给你画一张怎么走的地图？dreamLdri:m] (dreamed /dreamt, dreamt) v.彳 故 梦 ；向往：I dreamedof you last night.我昨夜梦到了你。

/ Don't dream away your tim e.不要虚度光阴 n .梦；梦想： Her dream has come true.她的梦想实现了dress[dres] n.女服; ( 统指) 衣服: I am in my working dress.我穿着工作服 / He doesn't care much about dress.他不太注意衣着drink[driNk] (drank, drunk) v.喝，饮：Please give me something to drink,请给我点东西喝n . 饮料•： Can I have a drink, please?可以给我一点喝的吗？drive[draiv] (drove, driven) v.驾驶：Can you drive?你会开车吗？/ I usually drive to work.我通常开车上班driver[5draivE] n .司机，驾驶员：He is a careful driver.他是一位谨慎小心的司机/ She is a taxi driver.她是一名出租汽车司机drop[drCpJ v.掉下，落下：My watch dropped out of my pocket.我的表从口袋里掉了出来。

n .滴; 水滴：There5s not a drop left.一滴也不剩 短语】drop off 放下（ 某物） ；下车：He dropped off at ChangshaRailway Station.他在长沙火车站下车drought[drautj n.旱灾，干旱：The crops died during the drought.干旱时节庄稼都死了dry[drai] adj.干的，干燥的：The garden gets very dry in hot weath e r.天热, 园子干得很v .把.弄干，晒干:The washing is drying in the su n .洗的东西在太阳下晒干duck[dQk] n .鸭：He raised ducks on his farm .他的农场养有鸭子dumpling[5dQmpliNj n.饺子：The dumpling in this restaurant is very delicious.这家餐馆的饺子很好吃during[5djuEriN] prep.在. . .期间：During his stay in Japan, he visited many places.他在日本期间参观了许多地方。

注意】during是介词，不是连词，所以不用来引导句子，同时也不能后接介词短语dustbin[5dQstbin] n.垃圾箱:Throw those empty bottles into thedustbin.把那些空瓶子扔进垃圾箱/ The dustbin is em pty.这只垃圾箱是空的duty[5dju:ti] n.职责， 责任：A man has a duty to earn money forhis fam ily.男人有挣钱养家的责任 短语】on duty 值日：Some nurses in the hospital are on duty allnight.这个医院的一些护士整夜值班each[l:tF] pron.各自，各个：Each must do his best.每个人必须竭尽全力/ I will give each of you a book.我将要给你们每人一本书【 短语】each other 互相：They speak English to each other.他们彼此说英语/ They are exactly like each other.他们彼此十分相像像 We help each other in studying English.在英语学习上我们相互帮助。

ear[IE] n.耳朵：I hear with my ears.我用耳朵听 / She has a good ear for m usic.她很有欣赏音乐的能力ear!y[5E:li] adj.早的：He caught an early b u s.他赶上了早班车adv.早地：He arrived home early.他到家很早earth[E:W] 〃. 陆地；大地；地球:The earth is bigger than the moo n .地球比月球大 / The earth moves round the su n .地球绕太阳旋转 短语】 on earth 在地球上： He is the happiest man on earth.他是世界上最幸福的人/ There is nothing on earth like i t .世上没有这等事east[l:st] n .东方， 东部：The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起/ China is in the east of A sia.中国位于亚洲东部a d j.东方的,东部的：He lives on the east coast.他住在东部海岸地区。

easy[5l:zi] adj.容易的：I did the sum quickly because it was easy.我这道算术题做得很快, 因为很容易/ It's easy to get to thatplace.到那个地方去很容易eat[l:t] (ate, eaten) v.吃：We eat a lot of cabbages in winter.冬天我们吃大量的白菜/ Have you eaten all the biscuits?你把所有的饼干都吃完了？【 短语】eat up 吃光；吃完：They quickly ate up all of the dinner.他们很快地就吃完了晚餐edge[edV] n.边，边缘：The knife has no edge.这刀子很钝education[7edVu5keiFn] n .教育，培养：He had a good education.他受过良好的教育/ I had twelve years of education.我受过12年的教育egg [eg] n .蛋：Pll have fried eggs, please.请给我煎蛋。

eightfelt] num .八：His mother died when he was eight.他 8 岁时他母亲去世了eighteenth[ei5tl:nW] num .第十八：Today he got the eighteenth golden medal in his life.今天他得到了他生命中的第十八块金牌eighth[eitW] num .第八：My name is eighth in the list.我的名字在名单上是第八个/ Her eighth birthday is next M onday.她 8岁生日是下个礼拜一either[5aiTE] adv.也（ 不） ：I don't enjoy tennis, and I don't much 1ike swimming, either.我不喜欢网球， 也不太喜欢游泳 / I haven't seen it, either.我也没有看见过它 / I can't read, either.我也不会读 用法】either和too：两者都表示“ 也”，但too常用于肯定句和疑问句中，而either则用于否定句中。

短语】either,--or,• ,或者. . .或者. . .：Either come in at once or leave.要么马上进来，要么离开 / You can have either the apple or the orange.你可以吃苹果，也可以吃橘子eIephant[5elifEnt] n .象:African elephants have bigger ears.非洲象的耳朵比较大eleven[i5levn] num. H— ■ ： Eleven minus one is ten. 11 减 1 等于 10empty[5empti] a d j.空的:The boy is feeling em pty.这男孩觉得肚子饿了/ Don't speak empty w ords.不要说空话encourage[in5kQridVj v .鼓励：Her first success encouraged her towork even harder.她的首次成功鼓舞她更加努力工作end[endj n .末端，终点：The school is at the south end of the tow n .学校在城镇的南头。

v ,结束：When the concert ended we went hom e.音乐会结束后我们回家了 短语】in the end 最后：It was difficult, but I did it in the end.这事很难，但最后我还是做成了 engineer[7endVi5niEJ n .工程师：He is an engineer in chief.他是总工程师 / Her dream is to be an engineer in charge.她的梦想是当一名主管工程师England[5i NgIEnd] n.英格兰：He visited England last m onth.他上月访问了英国 / I was watching the England Germany footballmatch on T V .我正在收看电视上播的英德足球赛English[5iNgliF] n.英语；英国人：What are they in English?这些东西用英语怎么说？ / The English have a wonderful sense of hum or.英国人的幽默感很强。

adj.英国的；英国人的：This is English money.这是英国钱币 短语】in English用英语( 表达) ：How can I speak " 王 府 井 "in English?怎么用英语说“ 王府井” ？enjoy[in5dVCi] v.喜欢；享受. . .乐趣： He often enjoys music onthe radio.他常常欣赏收音机里的音乐/ I enjoy boating.我喜欢划船 短语】 enjoy oneself 玩得高兴；过得愉快：I enjoyed myself at the party.这次聚会我玩得很高兴enjoyable[in5dVCiEbl] a在愉快的，有趣的:We had a most enjoyable journey.我们度过了一次最愉快的旅行enough[i5nQf] adj.足够的，充分的：There's enough food for everyone.有足够每个人吃的食物/ One will be enough. 一个就够T o adv.足够地，充分地：I didn't bring a big enough bag.我带来的包不够大。

用法】enough用作形容词，通常与复数名词或不可数名词连用，且多放在被修饰名词之前（ 在正式文体中也可放被修饰名词后） 如：We have not enough time [time enough].我们时间不够了当enough用作副词修饰形容词时须后置 He is old enough to join the army.他 至 U 了参军的年龄enter[5entE] v.进入：Please enter the house by the back door.请从后门进屋 用法】如表示进入某一具体场所、机构、建筑物等，是及物动词，其后一般不接介词 in to ,如：He entered the sitting-room quietly.他悄悄地进了起居室/ He entered the army last year.他去年参军了entrance[5entrEns ] n.入口： Where is the entrance to this building?这栋建筑的入口在哪里？ / Fil meet you at the entrance to the theatre.我约你在剧院门口见。

environment[in5vaiErEnmEnt] n.环境： Good home environment isvery important for children's growth.好的家庭环境对孩子们的成长很重要escape[i5skeip] n.逃走： The this jumped into a car and made hisescape.小偷跳上一辆汽车逃走了v .逃走：Two prisoners haveescaped.有两个囚犯逃走了especially[i5speFEIi] adv.特别，尤其: Aunt Alice loves animals, especially dogs.爱丽斯阿姨喜欢动物，尤其爱狗/ I love cold drinks, especially in summer.我很爱喝冷饮，特别是在夏天eve[i：v] n.前夕，前日：New Year's Eve is the day before 1 Januar y .除夕是元旦的前一天/ We are giving a party on ChristmasE ve.我们将在圣诞前夕举行晚会。

注意】eve指宗教节日、假日的前日或重大事件即将发生的时刻even[5l:vn] adv.甚至，更 :Even a child can understand i t .连小孩子都懂得这一点/ He speaks French even better than English.他的法语比英语说得更好 短语】even though 即使：I shall go even though it rains.即使下雨，我也要去 / It is better to ask him even though he (should)refuse.即使他将拒绝，我们还是去问他比较好evening[5i:vniN] 〃. 傍晚， 晚上:The evening was cool.傍晚很凉快/ Did you read the evening paper today?你读过今天的晚报了吗？event[i5vent] n.大事，事件：The first day at school is a big event in a child's life.第一天上学在孩子的一生中是件大事/ The founding of the People's Republic of China is a great event in the history of mankind.中华人民共和国的成立是人类历史上的一件大事。

ever[5evE] adv.曾经：Have you ever climbed a mountain?你爬过山吗？ / No one has ever done so before.从来没有人这样做过 用法】主要用于否定句、疑问句、条件句、比较句等，其意大致相当于汉语的“ 曾经” 、“ 以前” 等，有时往往有较活的译法如：Haveyou ever been to Paris?你( 曾) 去过巴黎吗？【 短语】 ever since 从那时起，以后一直：I've never got any letters from him ever since he le ft.自他离开以后， 我一直未收到他的信every[5evri] adj.每一；每个的：Every student must read this book.每个学生必须读这本书 / Not every man can be a poet.并不是每个人都能成为诗人 用法】从强调重点上看，each侧重个体，every则侧重整体（ 与 al1 接近） 如：He shook hands with each player in turn after the gam e.比赛结束后，他同运动员- - 握手。

/ Every player was ontop form.每个运动员都处于最佳状态everybody[5evribCdi] pron.每人，人人：Everybody admired him.人人都钦佩他/ Is everybody here?大家都来了吗？everyone[5evriwQn] pron.每人，人人：Everyone wears a blue uniform.人人都穿着蓝制服 / Does everyone agree to this proposal?大家都同意这个建议吗？everything[5evriWiN] pron.每件事；每样东西： I want to teach mystudents everything I know.我要把我知道的一切教给我的学生/ To know everything is to know nothing.样样通，样样松everywhere[5evriweE] adv.至 U 处，无论哪里：Tve looked everywhere, but I still can't find it.我找遍了所有地方也找不到exact!y[ig5zAktli] adv.准确地; 严格地：Please tell me exactly what he said.请准确地把他的话告诉我。

/ His answer was exactly right.他的答案完全正确exam[ig5zAm] n. （ 口 语） 考试：The exam lasted two hours.考试进行了两小时 / She passed her exams with success.她考试成绩很好 注意】exam的完整形式是examination oexample[ig5zB:mpl] n.例子，榜样：Give me some examples.给我举儿个例子/ We all follow his example.我们都以他为榜样【 短语】for example 例如：A lot of us want to leave now一Bill, for example [for example, Bill],我们很多人现在都想走- -比如，比尔就是一例excellent[5eksEIEnt] adj.极好的，优秀的：He is in excellent health .他的健康状况极好/ He is excellent in French.他法语极好except[ik5sept] prep.除. . .之 夕 卜 ：We all went except T om .除了汤姆，我们都去了。

/ We went nowhere except to the school.除了学校，我们哪儿也没有去 辨析】except for和except： except主要用来谈论同类的东西，而except for则主要用来谈论不同类的东西， 有时含有惋惜之意 如：All compositions are well written except yours.除了你的作文外，其他的作文都写得很好 / His composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.他的作文写得不错，只是有几处拼写错误excited[ik5saitid] adj.兴奋的, 激动的：I was very excited by thenew s.我为这消息而感到非常兴奋 / The excited boy rushed offto the playground.那个兴奋的男孩朝操场跑去 短语】be excited about 对. . . 感到兴奋:Paul was excited abouthis first trip in an airplane.保罗第一次坐飞机很兴奋。

exciting[ik5saitiN] adj.令人兴奋的：I heard some exciting news this morning.我今天早晨听到了一些振奋人心的消息/ The footbal1 match we watched last Sunday was very exciting.我彳门上个星期天看的足球赛很使人兴奋 【 辨析】excited和exciting： excited主要指人自己感到激动或兴奋,涉及的对象往往是指人的名词；而exciting主要指令人激动或兴奋的事，它所涉及的往往是指事物的名词如：The excited childrenwere opening their Christmas presents.激动的孩子在打开圣诞礼物/ Skiing is more exciting than skating.滑雪比滑冰更刺激excuse[ik5skju:z] v.原谅：Excuse me, may I use your bike?对不起，我可以借用你的自行车吗？ / Excuse me for coming late.对不起，我来晚了。

exercise[5eksEsaiz] n.联系；做操；锻炼：I walk to work every day because it is good exercise.我每天步行上班， 因为那是很好的运动/ Have plenty of exercise every day, children.孩子们，每天要有充分的锻炼exit[5eksit] n .出口： Please go out from emergency exits.请从紧急出口出去expect[ik5spekt] v.期望， 预料： I am expecting a letter.我在等信/ The boss expects a high standard of work from everyone.老板期望人人都有高水平的工作表现expensive[ik5spensiv] adj.昂贵的：This is an expensive hat.这是一顶昂贵的帽子/ It is too expensive for me to buy.这东西太贵了，我买不起experience[ik5spiEriEns] n.经验，体验：He is short of experience.他缺乏经验。

/ She wrote a book about her experiences in Africa .她写了一本书，讲述她的非洲经历expert[5ekspE:t] n.专家，内行：He is an expert in English.他是位英语专家/ A gardening expert tells us how to grow plants well. 一位园艺专家教我们种好花草的方法eye[ai] 〃. 眼睛：I saw it with my own eyes.我亲眼见到此事/ She has blue eyes.她有一双蓝色的眼睛face[feis] 〃. 脸，面孔：My face is burning.我的脸在发烧/ He often makes faces at children.他常常对孩子们扮鬼脸fact[fAkt] n.事实，真相：Facts speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩 / You must face facts and accept that he has gone.你必须面对并接受他已离开事实 短语】 in fact 实际上：No one believed it, but in fact, Mary did pass her exam.尽管没有人相信，但实际上玛丽确实考试及格Tofactory[5fAktEri] n.工厂：His factory is in the suburbs.他的工厂在郊外。

/ The factory is run by our village,这个工厂由我们村经营fail[feil] v.失败, 不及格：We tried, but failed.我们试过，但失败T o / We're glad nobody failed this time.我们很高兴，这次人人都及格了/ He failed the examination in math.他数学考试不及格fall[fC:l] (fell, fallen) v .落下， 跌倒： The snow is falling.正在下雪/ The apples have fallen from the tree.苹果从树上掉下来 短语】 fall asleep 睡觉，入睡：He was so tired that he fell asleep in the car.他太累, 在汽车里睡着了fall behind落在. . 后面：Several of the runners fell behind in the race.有几个运动员在比赛中落后了fall down倒下，跌倒：The boy fell down from a tree and hurt his leg.男孩从树上掉下来，跌伤了腿。

fall off ( 从. . . ) 掉下: The dictionary fell off the desk.字典从书桌上掉下来了family [5fAm Eli] n .家，家庭： She was born in a poor peasant family .她出身于贫农家庭 / All the families are coming here for the holidays.家里所有的人都将到这儿来度假【 短语】family name 姓：What's your family name?你姓什么？ /The family name of the whole village is Zhang.整个村子的人都姓张famous[5feimEs] adj.有名的，著名的：He is famous for his learnin g .他以学问渊博著名 短语】be famous for 以. . .出名：This place is famous for its scenery.这个地方以风景出名far[fB:] (farther, farthest / further, furthest) adj.& adv.远的( 地) : Our school is not far from here.我们学校离这儿不远。

/ He is a man of far sight.他是一个目光远大的人 / How far did you walktoday?你今天走了多远？【 短语】 far away 遥远：Many of the stars cannot be seen because they are too far away.许多星星不能看见是因为他们太遥远了farm[fB:m] n . 农场： There are 60 cows on this farm.这个农场有60头牛/ They are working on the farm.他们正在农场干活farmer[5fB:mE] n . 农民：He is a farmer.他是— 1 、 农民farming[5fB:miN] n.农业；务农：Farming is difficult when the weather is bad.天气不好时种田很困难farmland[5fB:mlEnd] n.农田： It will stop the sand from moving towards the rich farmland in the south.它将阻止风沙朝南部肥沃的农田移动。

farther[5fB:TE] adv.较远地，更远：I am tired and cannot walk any farther.我累了，不能再走远了adj.更远：Rome is farther from London than Paris is .罗马比巴黎离伦敦更远 注意】farther是far的比较级farthest[5fB;TistJ adv.最远： He jumped farthest of all.他跳得最远adj.最远的: Go to the farthest house in the village and Pll meetyou there.到村上最远的那座房子那儿去，我在那里与你会面 注意】farthest是 fa r的最高级fast[fB:st] 4步 快 的 ，迅速的：Your watch is 10 minutes fast.你的表快了 10 分钟adv.快地，迅速地：Can't you run any faster than that?你不能跑得再快点吗？father[5fB:TE] n.父亲: My father and mother are school teachers.我父亲和母亲都是学校老师。

/ What is his father?他的父亲是干什么的？favorite[5feivErit] adj.特别喜爱的: Green is my favorite color.绿色是我最喜欢的颜色 / Football is my favorite sport.足球是我最喜欢的运动February[5februEri] n .二月： February comes after January.二月在一月之后/ Ifs February 2nd.今天是二月二日feed[fi:d](fed, fed) v.喂，饲养：Don't forget to feed the dog.别忘了喂狗/ She feeds the baby with a spoon.她用小勺喂孩子/He must feed his family.他得供养他的家庭fed up [7fed5Qp] adj.不开心：What's the matter? You look reallyfed u p .怎么啊，你看上去那么不开心？【 短语】 be fed up w ith厌倦： I'm fed up with work!我感到工作烦死了！ / I'm fed up with waiting for the phone to ring.我等都等得不耐烦了。

feel [fl; I] v.觉得，感到：How are you feeling today?你今天感觉怎样？/ You can't see air, of course, but you can feel it.你当然看不见空气，但你能感觉到它/ I feel my heart beating.我感到心在跳festival[5festEvl] 〃. 节日：Christmas is an important Christian festiv a l.圣诞节是基督教的大节日few[fju： ] a d j.少数的，不多的：Few people live to be 100.活到 100岁的人很少/ He has few friends here, has h e ?他这儿儿乎没有朋友，是吗？【 辨析】few和a few： few表示数量很少甚至儿乎没有，强调“ 少” ,含有否定意味； 而a few表示数量虽不多， 但毕竟还有， 强调“ 有” ,含有肯定意味 如：I have a few friends besides y o u .除了你， 我还有几个朋友/ I have few friends except y o u .除了你，我儿乎没有朋友。

field [fl： Id] n .田地：The children are playing in the field.孩子们在野外玩/ The fields were covered with snow .白雪覆盖着田野 短语】field trip 野外旅游:Our field trip lasted two weeks.我们的野外旅游持续了两个星期fifteen[7fif5tl:n] n u m .十五：Seven and eight is fifteen. 7 加 8 等于15ofifth[fifW] n um .第五：May is the fifth month of the year.五月是一年的第五个月fifty[5fifti] num .五十:There are fifty students in our class.我们班上有 50 个学生 / She is in her fifties, but she looks young.她已经5 0多岁了，但看起来很年轻fill[fil] v .装满，填充：Her eyes filled with tears.她眼泪盈眶 短语】 be filled with 用. . .充满：Her heart was filled with gratitude.她心里充满了感激之情。

film[filmj n .影片，电影：Have you seen any good films lately?你最近看过什么好影片吗？ / There is a good film on at the cinema this w eek.这个星期有部好片子上映final[5fainl] adj.最后的：The final victory always belongs to us.最后胜利总是属于我们的 / This will be the final lesson of ourcourse.这是本课程的最后一课 注意】final只用于名词前作定语，不用作表语find [fa i nd] v.找 至 U ,发现；I hope you will soon find your lost ring .愿你尽快找到丢失的戒指 / You will find it a difficult book.你会发现这是本很难的书 短语】 find out 找出，查出：We must find out what caused theaccident.我们必须查明事故的原因 辨析】fin d和find out：前者指偶然地“ 发现”、通过实验而“ 发现”、或通过寻找而“ 找到”等；而后者则指通过调查或观察询问等而“ 查明情况或事实真相" 。

如：We found him a good teacher .我们发现他是位好老师/ We must find out the truth of them atter.我们必须查明事实真相 / We must find out where he live s .我们必须查明他住在什么地方fine[fain] adj.好的，( 身体) 健康的：That's the finest painting Fveever seen.这是我见过的最好的作品/ His pulse is fine.他的脉搏正常finger[5fiNgE] n.手指：Children learn to count on their fingers.小孩用手指学数数目 finish[5finiF] v.完成，结束:Have you finished your breakfast?你吃完早餐了吗？ / The house will soon be finished.房子不久就要完工了 用法】finish后接动词时，要用动名词，不能用不定式如：He has finished (doing) the w ork.他把工作做完了。

/ Have you finished reading the book?这本书你读完了吗？fireffaiEJ n.火； 火炉：There is no smoke without fire.无风不起浪/ Please sit down before the fire.请在火炉前坐下fireplace[5faiEpleisJ n.壁炉：There was a fire in the fireplace.壁炉里生了火first[fE:st] adj.第一：January is the first month of the year. 一月是一年中的第一个月adv.首先，最初：You must finish yourw ork后rs t.你必须首先完成你的工作 短语】at first起先，首先：At first she was afraid of the water,but she soon learned to sw im .起初她怕水, 但很快就学会游泳T o / At first I wasn't interested in English.开始时我对英语不感兴趣fish[fiF] n.鱼：Will you have a little more fish?再吃点鱼好吗？ /There are lots of fish in the lake.湖里有很多鱼。

v .钓鱼：Canwe fish in this river?我们可以在这条河里钓鱼吗？fishing[5fiFiN] n.钓鱼：I am very fond of fishing.我很喜欢钓鱼fit[fit] adj.健康的；适合的，得当的：These shoes are not fit to wea r .这些鞋子不适合穿 / Is he fit for the jo b ?他适合干这份工作吗？five[faiv] num.五：We work five days a w eek.我们每周工作 5 天fix[fiks] v.修理；安装：I must have the recorder fixed u p .我得找人把录音机修理一下/ We are going to fix the broken machine.我们要把那台破机器修好flight[flait] n.航班，飞行:We took a flight from Paris to London.我们乘从巴黎到伦敦的航班/ Too much money has been spenton space flight.在太空飞行上花的钱太多了。

flood[flQd] n .洪水，水灾：Many houses were destroyed by the floo d .许多房屋被洪水冲垮了v.淹没：The rains flooded the far mland and destroyed all the crops.雨水淹没了农田，毁坏了所有的庄稼floor[flC:] n.（ 室内） 地，地板：Shall I sweep the floor?我来扫地好吗？flower[5flauE] n.花：The flowers are out.花开了 / The rice isin flower. 稻子花开了fly[flai] v.（ flew, flown）放（ 风筝，飞机模型等; 飞，飞行） ：Last Sunday they flew their model planes.上星期天他们放模型飞机 / Abee flew in through the open window.一只蜜蜂从开着的窗户飞进来了foggy[5fCggi] adj.有雾的, 多雾的： It's unpleasant to be out on afoggy day.大雾天出去是令人不愉快的。

/ What a foggy day!真是浓雾笼罩的一天！follow[5fCIEu] v.跟随： A dog follows its master.狗跟在主人后面/ You go first and Fil follow.你先走，我跟着就来food[fu:d] n.食物： Many animals prefer grass as food.许多动物以草为食/ You can get very good food at the restaurant.在那4、饭馆里你可以吃到很好的饭菜foot[fut] 〃. 脚：I hurt my left foot.我左脚受了 伤 / A dog has four feet.狗有4 条腿 短语】on foot 步行，走路：Shall we go by car or on foot?我们坐车还是走路去？ / I prefer to go there on foot.我更愿意步行到那去 注意】foot的复数是feetofootball[5futbC:l] n.足球: Boys are fond of playing football.男孩子喜欢踢足球。

/ He took part in a football match.他参加 了一场足球赛for[fC： ] prep.为；给: This is a present for y o u .这是给你的礼物/ I have got some picture books for you to look a t.我有一些让你看的连环画foreign[5fCrEn] adj.外国的：He's visited many foreign countries and has learnt several foreign languages.他参观过许多国家，学会了 儿种夕卜语/ The foreign friends were given a warm welcomeby the students.外宾受到学生们的热烈欢迎forest[5fCrist] n.森林:The children got lost in the forest.孩子们在林中迷路了fore ver [fE 5 re v E ] adv.永远：She has gone forever.她一去不复返T o / I wish the holidays would last forever!我真想假放个没完！forget[fE5get]（ forgot, forgotten） v.忘t己 ：I almost forgot about it.这事我几乎忘了。

/ Pm sorry I have forgotten your nam e.对不起，我忘记你的姓名了/ P ve forgotten how to open the box.我忘了怎样打开这箱子fork[fC:k] n.叉，餐叉：Everyone at the table was given a knife and fork.餐桌上每人给了一副刀叉form[fC:m] n.表 格 :Please fill in this form, giving your name, address and business.请填这张表，写上姓名、地址和职业forty[5fC:ti] num.四十:Life begins at forty.四十岁是有为之年foundffaund] v.成立，建立：The hospital was founded last year.这座医院是去年建立的/ The People's Republic of China was founded on October 1, 1949.中华人民共和国于1949年10月1日成立 注意】不要将动词found（ 建立，创立） 与动词find（ 发现） 的过去式found混淆。

four[fC： J n u m .四：Those four and Bob formed a basketball team.那4个人加上鲍勃组成一个篮球队fourteen[7fC:5ti:n] num.十四：A fortnight has fourteen days.两周有十四天fox[fCks] n.狐狸：The fox is said to be very sly .据说狐狸很狡猾/ He is an old fo x .他是一只老狐狸France[frB:ns] n.法国：Have you ever been to France?你曾经到过法国吗？ / Do you know the Civil War in France?你知道法兰西内战吗？French[frentF] n.法语：She can speak not only English but also French.她不仅会说英语而且会说法语Frenchmanl5frentFmEn] n.法国人：A Frenchman had caught a very bad cold. 一个法国人得了重感冒free[fri:| adj.空闲的；自由的；免费的：I shall not be free until five o'clock.我要到五点才有空。

/ England is said to be a free country.据说英国是自由的国家 注意】free表 示 “ 空闲的”、 “ 空着的”、 “ 免费的”等义时没有比较等级变化如：He gets a free afternoon once a w eek.他每周有一个下午空闲/ Are the drinks free?这饮料是免费的吗？freezetfri:z] (froze, frozen) v.结冰，疑固：Water freezes at 0 degree .水在零摄氏度结冰/ It was so cold that the river had frozen.天气冷得河水都结冰了Friday[5fraidi] n.星期五：Can't we meet on Friday?我们星期五会面不好吗？fridge[fridV] n .电冰箱：Help yourself to the drink in the fridge.冰箱里的饮料随便喝/ Don't forget to put the milk back in the fridge.别忘了把牛奶放回冰箱里friend[frend] n.朋 友 : We have friends all over the world.我们的朋友遍天下。

/ A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难朋友才是真朋友 短语】 make friends with sb 与某人交朋友：He had made friends with a young couple.他结识了一对年轻夫妇 frighten[5fraitn] y .惊恐, 吓唬：Don't frighten u s.不要吓唬我们/ Walk quietly so that you don't frighten the birds away.放轻点儿脚步，别把小鸟吓跑了frightened[5fraitnd] adj.受惊的，害怕的：I was frightened of making a fool of myself.我怕出洋相 / The frightened girl was speechless.这个小女孩被吓得连话都说不出来 / He was frightenedat the sound.他听到那声音非常惊恐 辨析】frightened和 frightening：前者指" 感到害怕" , 后者指“ 令人害怕或使人害怕" 。

如：I was frightened whenever I heard a frightening story.每当我听到一个恐怖的故事我就感到害怕from[frCm] prep.从 从. . . 起： He works from nine o? clock untilfive o'clock.他从 9 点工作到 5 点 / The football match is from3:00 to 4:30.足球赛是 3:00 点到 4:30 短语】from now on 从现在起：He's left school and will go towork from now o n .他已经毕业，从今以后就要工作了/ Fromnow on I will try to do better.从今以后我要努力去做from…to…从. . 至 ! J........： We handed the photo from one to another.我们把这张照片传过来传过去front[frQnt] adj.前面的: We sat in the front row of the classroom.我们坐在教室的前排。

n.前面，正面：The fronts of them lookbetter than the backs.它们的正面看上去比背面好【 短语】in front前方：Mr Smith was in front.史密斯先生在前面in front of 在. .前面：Don't cry in front of your friends.别在你朋友面前哭fruit[fru：t] n 水果:Apples and oranges are common fruit.苹果和橘子是常见的水果 注意】表示“ 水果” 通常表示总称或表示集合意义，是不可数名词；当要强调水果的种类时，可用作可数名词full[ful] adj.满的：The bus was full of students.公共汽车载满了学生/ Her eyes are full of tears.她眼泪汪汪/ We can't go into the theatre because it is full.电影院我们进不去了， 因为已经坐满了 短语】be full (of)充满. . . . 的：The bottle is full of wine.这瓶子装满了酒。

fun[fQn] n .有趣的事；娱乐：We had a lot of fun at the picnic.我们野餐吃得开心极了/ What fun we had!我们玩得真开心呀！future[5fju:tFE] n .将来，未来：I am saving for the future.我在为往后的生活存点钱 / I shall work harder in future.今后我要更努力工作 短语】in the future 将来：Who knows what will happen in the future.谁知将来会发生什么事中考英语考纲词汇用法详解(G)【 音标字体】若本文件的音标在您的电脑上显示为乱码， 那是由于您的电脑没有安装音标字体的原因，遇此情况请到本站“ 下载中心”下载" 英语音标" 文件 game[geim] n.游戏；运动：The old man watched the children playing games.那老人看着孩子们做游戏/ Game is over.游戏完毕。

注意】表示“ 运动会” 时，主要指大型的、国际性的运动会，且通常用复数形式 如： the Asian Games 亚运会 / the Olympic Games奥运会 除表示大型运动会外， 也可以表示学校运动会，“ 校运会”可译为 school gamesogarden[5gB:dn] n.花（ 果，菜） 园：What a beautiful garden!多么美丽的花园！ / They are playing with a ball in the garden.他们在花园里玩球gate[geit] n.大 门 : At the gate the guard stopped him .警卫在大门口拦住了他/ Please shut the gate when you go into the field.你到地里去的时候请把院门关上 辨析】door和 gate：前者通常指有墙有顶的建筑物的门（ 如房门、教室门以及家具的门和各种交通工具的门等） ， 后者通常指有墙无顶的门（ 如校门、公园门、院子门、城门、闸门等） 在比喻用法中两者都可用， 但 以 door更常见如：Hard work is the door [gate] to success.努力工作是通向成功的大门。

gatekeeper[5geit7ki:pE] n.看门人，门卫：You must find a responsible gatekeeper instead of you.你必须找一个负责的门卫来代替你generosity[7dVenE5rCsEti] n.慷慨，豁达: He was famous for hisgenerosity.他以慷慨大方而出名geography[dVi5CgrEfi] n.地理（ 学） ： Did she study history or geography?她学习历史还是地理？ / The students are having their geography class now.学生们正在上地理课Germany[5dVE:mEni] n.德国： Most Germany has warm summersand cool winters.德国大部分地区夏天暖和冬天凉爽get[get] v .得至！J , 获得：I must work to get some more money.我必须工作来多挣点儿钱/ I got a letter on Monday.我星期一收到一封信。

短语】 get back 取回：I got my ball back from him yesterday.我昨天从他那儿把我的球取回来了 get down下来；记下： Theboy can't get down from the tree.这男孩不能从树上下来 get married 结婚： Sue and Mike got married last month.苏和迈克上个月结婚了get off 动身；从. . 下来：We get off at the next bus stop.我们在下一站下车 get on 上车： When I got on the bus,I saw my teacher sitting there.我一上汽车就看见老师在车上坐着get on well with 与. . .相处融洽：The two comrades get onvery well together.这两位同志相处得很好get t o 到达：We got to the top of the mountain before sunrise.我们在日出之前至! J达了山顶get together 相聚：The whole family got together forChristmas.全家人聚在一起过圣诞节。

get u p 起床：It's time toget up, children!孩子们，该起床了 ！ / One by one we got up from our seats.我们一个个从座位上站起来get-together[5get tEgeTE] n.聚会：I met that man again at the getogether. 在聚会上我又碰到了那个人girl[gE:l] n.女孩：The girl is playing with her kitten.这个女孩在和小猫一起玩give[giv] (gave, given) v.给： The teacher is giving the children their new textbooks.老师正在给孩子们发新课本 / I gave a picturebook to each of the boys.我给了每个男孩一本小人书【 短语】 give a concert 开音乐会： We plan to give a concert tocelebrate the New Year.我们打算举办音乐会来庆祝新年 givef・ ahand 给予. 帮助：Give me a hand with this table.帮我搬一下这张桌子。

give birth to 生( 孩子) ：My sister gave birth to twins last week.我姐姐上星期生了 一对双胞胎give u p 放弃：Hehas given up smoking.他戒烟了/ You mustn't give up studying foreign languages for even a day.你们学习外语一天也不要中断given name = first name 名字：His given name is Paul.他的名字叫保罗glad [g I Ad] adj.高兴的, 乐意的： Tm so glad to see you.见到你我太高兴了/ I am glad that you are better.你身体好一些了，我很高兴glass[glB:s] n.玻璃杯：There are lots of colorful glasses in the sho p .那家商店里有很多五颜六色的玻璃杯 短语】a glass of 一( 玻璃) 杯：Would you like a glass of beer?你要喝杯啤酒吗？go[gEuJ(went, gone) v.去：Sometimes he goes to a film with hisparents.有时他和父母一起去看电影。

/ We often go fishing together.我们常常一道去钓鱼 短语】go back 回去： We're going back to school tomorrow.我们明天返校 go home 回家： We go home at six every day.我们每天 6 点回家go on 继续：How much longer does this hot weather go on?这样热的天气还要持续多久？ go on doing (sth)继续做某事：If you go on doing like that I shall be angry.你再这么下去，我就要生气了go o u t外出，到外面：Are you going outtonight?你今晚出去吗？ / I think you should go out for some fresh air.我想你该到屋外去呼吸点新鲜空气go over复习：仔细检查： Before doing your exercises, you should go over the text.做作业前，你应该将课文复习一遍。

go shopping （ 去） 买东西：I went shopping with my mother last Sunday.上个星期天我和妈妈去买东西了 go straight along沿着. . . 一直往前走：Go straight along the street you can see the bookshop.沿着这条街一直向前走你就会看到书店goal[gEul] n.（ 足球） 球门；得分：Our team won the game by twogoals to one.我们队以二比一赢了这场比赛golf[gClfJ n.高尔夫球：Do you want to play a round of golf?你想打一局高尔夫球吗？good[gud] adj.好的：He is a good friend of mine.他是我的好朋友/I must give it a good cleaning.我必须好好清扫一下（ 屋子） 注意】good的比较级是better,最高级是best 短语】 be good at擅长：My son is good at maths.我的儿子擅长数学。

Goodbye 再见，再会：Goodbye, Ann, see you soon!再见，安，回头见！goodness[5gudnis] n.善良；天哪：I'm doing this out of the goodness of my heart.我是出于好心才这样做的 / My goodness! 我的天哪！grab[grAb] v.抓取；夺取： I grabbed him by the shoulders.我抓住了他的双肩/ The thief grabbed her purse.那个盗贼夺走了她的钱包grade[greid] n.年级： She had entered the sixth grade at ten.她 10岁时升入六年级 / The students in Grade one is more than Grade two. 一年级的学生比二年级的多graduate[5grAdVuEt] v.毕业：He graduated from the college in 1962. 他于 1962 年大学毕业 / She graduated from Beijing University .她北大毕业。

grandfather[5grAn7fB:TEJ n.（ 外） 祖父：Grandfather is kind to hisgranddaughters and grandsons.祖父对他孙女和孙子都很好grandma[5grAnmB:J n. （ 口 语） 奶奶，夕 卜 婆 ：Soon grandma came. 一会儿外婆就来了grandmother[5grAn7mQTE] n.（ 外） 祖母：My grandmother has been ill for a w eek.我祖母已生病一个星期了grandpa[5grAnpB:] n. （ 口 语） 爷爷，夕 卜 公 ：I have never seen my grandpa since I was b o rn .自从我生下来就没见过我外公grape[greip] n.葡萄：A bunch of grapes is worth 5 yuan.一串葡萄5元钱/ He grew grapes in his garden.他在花园里种葡萄/Wine is made from grapes.酒是用葡萄酿制的grass[grB:s] n.草，草地：Don't walk on the grass.请勿践踏草地。

/ Keep off the grass.勿踏草地grateful[5greitflj adj.感激的， 表示感谢的：We are grateful to youfor all you have done.我们对你所做的一切表示感谢great [g re it] adj.伟大的； 极好的:She is one of the greatest wnters.她是中国伟大作家之一/ We had a great time in London.我们在伦敦玩得很开心 短语】the Great Hall of the People 人民大会堂：The Great Hallof the People is one of the greatest building in C hina.人民大会堂是中国最雄伟的建筑之一the Great W all长城：We paid a visit to the Great Wall last summer.去年暑假我们参观了万里长城green[gri:n] n.绿色：I like the greens in the picture.我喜欢那张画里的绿色a d j.绿色的：The green car over there is m ine.那边那辆绿色的车是我的。

greet[grl:t] v.问候, 打招呼：He greeted me with a nod.他向我点头致意 / They greeted each other.他们互相问候 / She greetedus with a smile when we arrived.我们到达时，她微笑相迎ground[graund] n.地面；土地：He was lying on the ground.他躺在地上/ The airplane came down to the ground.飞机降落到地面上group[gru:p] n.组 ; 群 ; 团 体 ：The pupils of the class fall into four groups.这班学生编成四个组 / I am going on holiday with agroup of friends.我将要和一群朋友去度假 注意】group用作主语时谓语可用单数（ 侧重整体） 或复数（ 侧重个体） 如：Our group is assigned to take the first b u s.我们这一组被指定乘第——辆车 / Our group are visiting the museum next wee k .我们组里的人下周要去参观博物馆。

growfgrEu] （ grew, grown） v.生长；增长：Plants grow up towardsthe sunlight.植物总是向着阳光往上生长 / The population is growing too fast.人口增长过快 短语】grow up 长大，成长：He wants to be a teacher when hegrows u p .他长大后想当教师 / What are you going to be whenyou grow u p ?你长大了想做什么样的人？guide[gaid] n .向导，导游: We found a guide who knew the forest w ell.我们找到了一个熟悉林地的向导/ A guide will show you around the city. 一位导游会陪你参观这个城市v .指导， 引导:Teachers should guide the students in their studies.教师应当指导学生们的学习/ He guided us through the forest.他领我们穿过了森林。

中考英语考纲词汇用法详解(H)【 音标字体】 若本文件的音标在您的电脑上显示为乱码， 那是由于您的电脑没有安装音标字体的原因，遇此情况请到本站“ 下载中心”下载" 英语音标" 文件 had better (d o )最好( 做. . .)：You had better go back.你还是回去的好/ You'd better ask that policeman.你最好问问那个警察 用法】had better后接动词原形，不接不定式或动名词等；其否定式通常应在better之后( 而不是had之后) 加not ( 但在否定疑问句或反意疑问句中可将not与h a d连用) 如：You'd better have a rest.你最好休息一下/ You'd better not go there.你最好别去那/ Hadn't we better go now ?我们是不是现在就去呢？hair[heE] n.头发：He had his hair c u t.他理了发/ He cut my hair short. 他把我的头发剪短了。

half[hB:f] n.半，一半：He cut the apple in two halves.他把苹果切成两半/ Half of them are boys.他们中的一半是男孩子/ One and a half months have passed (=A month and a half has passed).已经过去了一个半月hand[hAnd] n.手：He shook hands warmly with m e .他同我热情握手 / Hands o ff!请勿手摸！ / Hold out your right hand.把你的右手伸出来 短语】 hand in 交上来：Hand in your applications, please.请把申请书交上来/ Each student has to hand in a composition once aw eek.每个学生每周要交一篇作文hand u p举手：Please handup if you can answer the question.如果你能回答这个问题请举手hang[hAN] v.吊着，悬挂：A lamp hangs from the ceiling.天花板上吊着——盏灯。

/ I hung the washing in the garden yesterday.昨天我把洗好的衣物挂在园子里 注意】 hang表 示 “ 悬挂”时为不规则动词，过去式和过去分词是 hung；表 示 “ 吊死”、 “ 绞死”时为规则动词，过去式和过去分词是hangedohappen[5hApEn] v.（ 偶然） 发生， 碰巧: Something has happened tothe train.火车出事故了/ I happened to see him this morning.今天早上我碰巧看见了他 注意】happen是不及物动词，因此不能用于被动语态happily[5hApili] adv.高兴地; 幸运地：The children are smiling happily.孩子们欢快地笑着 / Happily, the accident was not serious.幸好事故并不严重happy[5hApi] a丝快乐的， 幸福的： Happy New Year to you.新年好/ I am happy that you are here.你在这儿我感到高兴。

hard[hB:d] adj.坚硬的；困难的：The ice cream is as hard as a stone./ It's easy to say things,but it?s hard to do then.说事容易，做事难/ This problem is too hard for me to solve.这个问题太难，我解决不了 用法】表示“ 硬的” ，与 soft （ 软） 相对；表 示 “ 困难的"，与difficuI t 同义，与 easy （ 容易） 相对hard-working[5hB:dwE:kiN] adj.勤奋工作的, 用功的: The Chinese people ara a hard-working people.中华民族是一个勤劳的民族hardly[5hB:dli| adv.儿乎不：She hardly eats anything.她儿乎什么都不吃 / They hardly ever spoke another word.他们几乎没有再说一句话 注意】hardly一般是放在实义动词之前，特殊动词之后如：Theteacher spoke so quietly that we could hardly hear him .老师讲话的声音很轻，我们儿乎听不见。

/ We hardly had time to eat breakfast.我们几乎没有时间吃早餐若置于句首，则句子用倒装如：Hardly did he sleep last night.他昨晚几乎没睡harm[hB:m] v.损害，伤害：Getting up early won't harm you!早起对你没有害处 / There was a fire in our street, but no one was harmed.我们街上发生了火灾，但是没有人受伤harvestL5hB:vist] n .收获：The 叩pie harvest comes in September.收苹果的时间在九月份/ The summer harvest is about to start.夏收即将开始has[hAz| v .有：He has two brothers.他有两个哥哥/ Tom has three plays written by Shakespeare.汤姆有三本莎士比亚的戏剧 说明】has是have的第三人称单数形式hate[heit] v.讨厌，不喜欢，憎恨：I hate to trouble you.我真不愿麻烦你。

/ I hate watching television; I prefer to read.我不喜欢看电视，我宁愿看书 用法】其后可接不定式或动名词，含义大致相同Some people hate working [to work] in the early morning.有些人不喜欢在大清早工作have[hAv] v.有；吃，喝；进行；经受：I have something to tell yo u .我有事告诉你 / Do you have tea or coffee in the morning?你早上喝茶还是喝咖啡？ / They had a picture taken with the Japanese friends.他们和日本朋友在一起照了相 / I had a pleasant joum ey.我有一次愉快的旅行 短语】have a (good) rest 休息：Have a good rest after a hard day5s w ork.经过一天辛勤的工作你要好好休息一下/ We walkedfor an hour, then stopped and had a rest.我们走了一小时，然后停下来休息。

have a cold (cough, headache)患感冒( 咳嗽, 头痛) ：I've got a bad cold.我患了重感冒have a good time 玩得开心：I hope you'll have a good time during your stay in C hina.我希望你在中国逗留期间过得愉快 / Have a good time at the party.祝你聚会玩得愉快have a look看一看：Let me have a look atyour new computer.让我看一看你的新电脑 / We have had a careful look at all the products on display.我们仔细地观看了所有的展品have sports 进行体育活动：We are going to have sportsat half past four this afternoon.今天下午四点半我们进行体育活动have to 不得不：We'll have to help them as much as we can .我们得尽量帮助他们。

/ It's very late, and I have to go homenow .很晚了，我得回家了he[hi:] pro”.他 :He is our English teacher.他是我们的英语老师/ He doesn't look like his father.他看起来不像他爸爸 注意】h e是主格， 用作主语；him是宾格， 用作动词或介词的宾语head[hed] n.头，头部：He is a head taller than I. 他比我高出一头/ She tied a scarf round her head.她头上包了一块头巾headache[5hedeikj n.头痛：He is always having headaches.他总是头疼 / I've got a bad headache.我头痛得很厉害 / I alwaysget headaches after reading.我看书后总是头痛headmaster[hed5mB:stE] n.( 英) 中小学校长：ril report you to theheadmaster.我将向校长报告你的情况。

headteacher[hed5tl:tFEJ n.校长： The headteacher is in charge of aschool.校长负责一所学校health[helW] 〃. 健康；卫生：Good health is important.身体健康很重要/ My uncle is in poor health.我叔叔的健康状况不佳/We must pay great attention to public health.我们必须重视公共卫生/ Let's drink to the health of Mr L i!让我们举杯祝李先生健康！healthy[5helWi] adj.健康的，健壮的: He is a very healthy boy.他是一个很健康的男孩/ Sports help to keep people healthy.运动有助于人们保持健康hear[hiE] v . 听见; 听说：I can't hear very well.我听觉不很好/I won* hear of such a thing.我不愿意听到这样的事情/ Haveyou heard about the accident?你听说那意外事件没有？【 短语】hear of 听说: Who is he? Pve never heard of him .他是谁？我从来没有听说过他。

/ Haven51 you ever heard of Shakespeare?你难道没有听说过莎士比亚吗？heart[hB:t] n .心（ 脏） ： When I run, my heart beats fast.我跑步的时候心脏跳得很快/ He has a weak heart.他的心脏不太好heavily[5hevili] adv.大量的; 猛烈的, 厉害的: He suffered heavily.他受到沉重的打击/ Anxiety presses heavily on m e.焦虑压得我喘不过气来heavy[5hevi] adj.重的：The box is too heavy.这箱子太重了/Which is heavier, an elephant or a horse?大象和马哪个重一些？hello[5helEu] interj. Hello, it's Tom speaking.喂！我是汤姆/ Hello, Mr Mike, I have got some good news for you.喂， 迈克先生，我给你带来了一些好消息【 说明】常用来表示问候或唤起注意help[help] v.帮助：Please help me to move this table.请帮我搬一下这张桌子。

/ He helped sweep the floors of the waiting rooms.他帮助打扫了候车室 短语】help yourself to 自取, 随便吃:Please help yourself to the fish .请不要客气， 吃鱼吧！ / She helped herself to a sandwich.她吃了一块三明治helpful[5helpfl] adj.有帮助的，有益的：Thank you, you were veryhelpful.谢谢你们， 你们帮 了大忙 / It was very helpful of youto do that typing for m e .你为我打字，真是帮了我很大的忙 短语】help…with….帮助（ 某人） 做（ 某事） :Their father helps the children with their w ork.孩子们的父亲帮助他们做功课her[hE:] pron.她的；她（ 宾格） ：You should ask her opinion.你应该征求她的意见/ Give her the keys.给她钥匙。

/ They are waiting for h er.他们正在等她 说明】her作形容词性物主代词时，意为“ 她的” ，作人称代词的宾格时，意为“ 她” here[hiE] adv.这里，这儿：I can't bring her here every d ay .我不能每天带她到这里来/ Here comes the b u s!公共汽车来了 短语】 here and there 至处，处处：You can find groups of Young Pioneers playing games here and there.在四周各处都可见到一群群的少先队员在做游戏Here you a re给你："Could I borrow your ruler?” "Of course, here you are."“我可以借用你的尺子吗？ ” “ 当然可以，给你hers[hE:z] pron.她的：Fve got my book but I can't find hers.我的书在这儿，可是我找不到她的/ His hair is darker than hers.他头发比她的黑herself[hE:5self] pron.她自己：She bought herself a car.她给自己买了一辆汽车。

/ She herself told me the new s.她亲自告诉我这个消息hi[hai] interj.喂（ 表示问候或唤起注意） ：Hi, Mike, how are you?嘿，迈克，你好吗？hide[haid]（ hid, hidden） v.躲藏:He hid the money under the floor.他把钱藏在地板下面/ ril hide behind the door.我会躲在门后面high[hai] adj.高的：How high is that tree?那棵树有多高？ / The train was going at a high speed.火车在高速前进adv.高地：Hecan jump very high.他跳得很高 短语】high jump EK高：Tom jumped six feet in the high jump at the sports.汤姆在运动会上跳了六英尺高high school中学：Their high school is very famous in their city.他们中学在他们市很出名 / There are about a thousand students in our high school.我们中学有一千人左右。

hike[haik] n.远足, 徒步旅行：We plan to go on a hike in this summer holiday.这个暑假我们打算徒步旅行v .远足：At first allof us city boys hiked on very sore feet.起初我们这些城里的男孩把脚都走痛了hill[hil] n .小山：The ball was rolling down the h ill.球滚下山去T o / They pushed their bicycles up the h ill.他们推着自行车上ill ohim[him] pron.他（ 宾格） ：Ask him to tell you his nam e.请他告诉你他的名字/ I know him .我认识他himself[him5self] pron.他自己：He did it by himself.他独自做这事的/ Michael made this box himself, without his father's help.迈克尔自己做的箱子，没有让他爸爸帮忙/ He came by himsel£他独自来了。

his[hiz] pron.他的：A friend of his is a lawyer.他的一位朋友是律师/ My uncle took his son to school.我叔叔送他的儿子去上学history[5histriJ n.历史（ 学） ：Our next lesson is history.下一节是历史课/ We studied history at school.我们在校学习历史hit[hit] （ hit, hit） v.打，击中；撞：The stone hit the window,石头打中了窗户/ The car hit the w all.汽车撞到墙上了hold[hEuld] （ held, held） v.拿，握：Hold my hat, please.请拿着我的帽子 / She held her daughter's hand as they crossed the road.过马路时她拉住女儿的手 短语】hold a sports meeting 举行运动会：Our school holds a sports meeting every spring.我们学校每年春季都会举办一次运动会。

hold on （ 口语） 等一等；（ 打时） 别挂断:Please hold on!请别挂断！ / Just hold on a moment!稍微等一下，别挂断！hole[hEul] n.洞， 孔 , 坑 :I dug a hole in the ground to plant thetree.我在地上挖一个洞种树 / The hole should not be too deep.这个坑不应该太深holiday[5hCIEdi] n.假日，假期：When do the winter holidays begin ?寒假什么时候开始？ / I am going home for my holiday.我要回家去度假期home[hEum] n.家：He will come home soon.他不久就会叵I来/ I saw her running hom e.我看见她往家里跑 / He arrived homelate.他很晚才回到家里【 说明】可用作名词或副词，但要注意放在go, come, get, arrive, send, take, bring, return等动词之后的home是副词，其前不能用to,a t之类的介词。

hometown[7hEum5taun] n .故乡，家乡：They moved back to thecity of Beijing, his father\hometown.他们搬回北京一他爸爸的故乡home work [5 h E u m wE: k] n.家庭作业：Our class has a compositionproblems for homework.我们班布置了一篇作文作为作业 说明】指学校老师给学生布置的“ 家庭作业” ，是不可数名词如：We do our homework in the evening.我们晚上做家庭作业hope[hEup] v.希望：I hope you may succeed.我希望你会成功 /We hope to see you tomorrow.我们希望明天见到你/ He no 1onger hopes.他不再期待了horse[hC：Sj n. ^ ： He looks after the horses in our village.他在我们村里看管马群 / He often rides a horse through the streets ofLondono他常骑马穿过伦敦的街道。

hospital[5hCspitl] n.医院:He has to send his mother to a hospita1 . 他得送他妈妈去医院/ My son is ill and has been in hospitalfor a w eek.我的儿子病了，在医院住了一个星期 注意】表示“ 住院” 、 “ 进医院” 、 “ 出院” 等， 在英国英语中不用冠词，而在美国英语中可用冠词如 :The patient was still in (the) hospital.病人还在住院 / We must send her to (the) hospital at onee .我们必须马上送她去医院hot [hCt] adj.热的；辣的：Is the climate hot in your country?你们国家气候炎热吗？ / This dish is too hot to have.这菜太辣了，没法吃【 短语】hot dog 热狗（ 红肠面包） ：Three boys asked him to go with them for a hot d o g .三个男孩子要他和他们一起去买热狗。

hotel[hEu5tel] n .饭店，旅店：Which hotel are you staying a t?你住哪一个旅馆？ / He stayed in Friendship Hotel for more than am onth.他在友谊宾馆住了一个多月hour[auE] n .小时：He went away for an hour.他离开了—个小时/ Twenty-four hours make a day.天有 24 小时 短语】hour after hour 一小时又一小时；连续地：I waited at theairport hour after hour.我在机场连续等了个儿小时house[haus] n .房子：We have built a new house.我们盖了一座新房子 / How many rooms are there in your house?你家的房子有儿个房间？【 辨析】house, hom e和family： house侧重指居住的" 房子" ；hom e侧重指一个家庭共同生活的地方——“ 家” ；fam ily侧重指家庭的“ 成员” 。

housework[5hauswE:k] n .家务劳动: Who is going to do the housework?谁来干家务呢？how[hau] adv.（ 指程度） 多少; 怎样:How did the accident happen?事故是怎样发生的？ / She doesn't know how to make te a .她不知道如何沏茶 短语】How are you?你（ 身体） 好吗？ "How are you?” "Fine,thank you." “ 你身体好吗？ ” “ 挺好的，谢谢" How do you d o ?您好！ （ 用于第一次见面打招呼）“How do you do?" "How do you d o ?" 你好"" 你好"how long 多久：How 1ong have you been in my room ?你在我的房间里呆了多久了？ how m any多少：How many of them are boys?他们之中有多少个男孩？ how much 多少：How much were the tickets?票价多少?/ How much does that cost?那个东西多少钱？however[hau5evEj adv. 然而, 可是：There is, however, another side to this problem.然而，这个问题还有另外一面。

conj.不管用什么方式：I'm going by car but you can go however you like.我准备坐车去，你可以想怎么去就怎么去hug[hQg] v .拥抱， 紧抱：The child hugged his m other.孩子紧紧地抱着他妈妈/ He is hugging a pile of books.他正抱着一堆书huge[hju:dV] adj.巨大的：There are lots of huge buildings in Beijin g .在北京有许多高大的建筑物/ I have a huge pile of lettersto deal w ith.我有一大堆信要处理 注意】词义上相当very b ig ,可用于表示具体事物的大， 也可用于表示抽象事物的“ 大human being n .人类； 人：Pm a human being.I can think and usemy hands.我是人，我能思维，能使用双手It is easy for humanbeings to make mistakes.人是很容易犯错误的hundred[5hQndrEd] num.百：There are three hundred and sixty-five days in a year. 一年有 365 天。

/ Ten times ten is one hundred. 10 乘 10 等于 100o【 注意】当hundred与具体数字连用时一，不用复数形式如：Five hundred people live here.这里住着 500 人当与 a few, several, ma n y等数目不很具体的词连用时， 用不用复数形式均可 但是注意，用单数形式，其后的介词o f可以省略； 用复数形式，其后的介词f不能省略hungry [5hQNgri] adj.饥饿的：Their children often went hungry.他们的孩子经常挨饿/ The boy had a hungry look.那个男孩面有饥色hurry[5hQri] v.赶快；慌忙:He is hurrying to school.他急急忙忙朝学校赶去 / She hurried off without a w ord.她一句话没说匆匆走了 短语】hurry up 赶快：Hurry up, or we shall miss the train.赶快，否则就赶不上火车了 / But you must hurry u p .但你得快点。

ina hurry 匆忙地：I can't stop because I am in a hurry.我不能停下来因为我正忙着哩/ He left the school in a hurry.他匆忙离开了学校hurt[hE:t] (hurt, hurt) v.使受伤；弄痛：He hurt himself when he jumped from the w all.当他从墙上跳下来时伤了自己/ Is she badly hurt?她伤得严重吗？husband[5hQzbEnd] n ,丈夫：Her husband works in a hospital.她的丈夫在一家医院工作 注意】“ 夫妻” 用husband and w ife表示，通常不用冠词，且其位置通常也不能反过来如：They are husband and w ife.他们是夫妻中考英语考纲词汇用法详解⑴【 音标字体】 若本文件的音标在您的电脑上显示为乱码， 那是由于您的电脑没有安装音标字体的原因，遇此情况请到本站“ 下载中心”下载" 英语音标" 文件 I[ai] pron.我：I am a college student.我是一■名大学生。

/ I am very busy.我很忙/ I se e .我明白了ice[ais] n.冰：I am learning to skate on real ic e!我正在真正的冰上学溜冰 / It is dangerous to walk on thin ic e .在薄冰上行走很危险 / Would you like some ice in your drink?你要在饮料里加些冰块吗？ID[7ai5di:] n.身份证：Please show your ID .请出示你的身份证 /If someone appears saying he is a policeman, ask for ID .如果有人说他是警察，可要他出示身份证 说明】ID的完整形式为identity cardoidea[ai5diE] n.主意；想法；意见：An idea crossed my m ind.我突然产生了一个念头/ That's not a good idea; it won't w ork.这不是一个好主意，它行不通的if[if] conj.如果；是否：W ell go if the weather stays fin e.如果天气好我们就去。

/ I wonder if he is at hom e.我不知道他是否在家 注意】当if作 “ 如果” 解时， 用来引导条件状语从句；当作“ 是否”解时，相当于w hether,常用来引导宾语从句ill[il] adj.病的：He has been ill for a long tim e.他病了很久了 /She is ill, so she can't com e.她病了，所以不能来 辨析】ill和Sick两者均表示“ 有病的”，ill只用作表语，而sick既可用作定语，也可用作表语表 示 “ 病人们”，用the sick（ 具有复数意义） 而不用 the ill0 如：They have come to see the sick.他们已来看望过病人imagine[i5mAdVin] v.设想；想像：You can imagine my surprisewhen they told me the new s.你能想像得出当他们把那则消息告诉我时我是多么惊讶 / There is nobody following us 一you arejust imagining i t ,没有人跟踪我们- - 你只不过是猜想而已。

important[im5pC:tntJ adj.重要的； 重大的：It is very important tokeep your teeth in good condition.保护牙齿完好是很重要的【 注意】 表示“ 对. . . 重要”，可用介词to, for如：The dictionary is important to [for] h er.这本字典对她很重要improve[im5pru:v] v.提高；改善：We should improve the living conditions of the people.我们应改善人民生活/ It will help to improve your speaking.这会帮助提高你的口语能力in[in] prep.在. . . 里内；上；用. . .表示：There is no cloud in the sk y .晴空万里无云/ Pll be ready in an hour.我一小时以内准备好increase[in5kri:sj v.增 力 口 ；增长：The number of students has increased since last y ea r.自去年以来学生的人数增加了。

/ The population of the earth is increasing very fast.地球上的人口在急骤增加India[5indjE] n .印度：India became a republic in 1950,印度在 1950年成为共和国Indian[5indjEn] adj.印度的；印度人的：Recently Indian films have also become popular outside India.近年来印度电影在国外也很流行information[7infE5meiFn] 〃. 信息；情报：He gave me all the information he h ad .他把所有的信息都告诉我了 / Pve just been sent a whole lot of information.刚刚给我送来了大量的资料 用法】information是不可数名词，因此不能与不定冠词连用，也没有复数形式若要计数，可 用a piece of / a bit of如：This isa useful piece of information.这是一则有用的情报。

inside[in5said] prep.在. . . 的里面:He was standing just inside the door,他恰恰站在门里面/ We went inside the gate of our school.我们走进学校的大门inspector[in5spektE] n.警官；监督员：A ticket inspector got on the train. 一位查票员上了火车instead[in5sted] adv.代替， 顶替： He is tired, let me do it instead.他累了，让我代做吧/ If we can't go to Huangshan, we'll goto Taishan instead.如果我们不能去黄山，我们就去泰山 说明】instead是副词，不是动词 短语】instead of 代替：She went to school instead of staying athome.她没有呆在家里而上学去了/ I can't go, shell go instead of m e.我不能去，由她代替我去instruction[in5strQkFn] n.说明； 须知： Read the instructions on thebottle before you take the medicine.先看瓶子上的说明再吃药。

/Read the list of instructions below.读下表中的须知interest[5intrEst] n.兴趣：She has much interest in music.她对音乐很感兴趣 / The book caused great interest and argument.这本书引起了人们极大的兴趣和争论interested[5intrEstid]加仇感兴趣的： Fd be interested to hear youropinion about this.我倒很想听听你对这件事的意见 短语】 be interested in 对 . . . . 感兴趣： I am very interested in music.我对音乐很有兴趣/ Are you interested in football?你对足球有兴趣吗？interesting[5intrEstiN] adj.有趣的： He's kind and interesting.他很友好也很有趣 辨析】interested和 interesting： 一般说来，表示使人感兴趣，用 iinteresting；表示人. . 对感兴趣，用 interestedo 如：The book isinteresting, so every one of us is interested in it.这本书有趣， 所以我们每个人对它都感兴趣。

Internet[5intEnet] n .因特网，互联网络：Internet brings a great convenience to our life.互联网给我们的生活带来很多方便into[5intE] prep.到. . .里；向内: Tears came into her eyes.泪水涌上了她的眼睛/ He worked far into the night他工作到深夜invent[in5vent] v.发明；仓造： People are inventing new sports orgames all the tim e.人们不断地创造着新的运动和比赛/ Who invented airplanes?飞机是谁发明的？inventor[in5ventE] n.发明者；创造者：Thomas Edison was a great inventor.爱迪生是一位伟大的发明家/ Alexander Graham Bellwas the inventor of the telephone.亚•格•贝尔是的发明人invite[in5vait] v.邀请； 招待： I invited him to my house.我请他到我家去。

/ They invited her to go for a walk.他们请她一起去散步/ We invited him to take part in the celebration.我们邀请他一起参加庆祝会island[5ailEnd] n .岛；岛状物：Taiwan is the largest island of Chin a .台湾是中国最大的岛/ Japan is an island country.日本是一个岛国it[ it] pron.它： What's that? It is a radio.那是什么？那是一台收音机/ My pen is missing. I can't find it anywhere.我的钢笔丢了，哪儿也找不到its[its] pron.它的：The horse broke its leg.马把腿摔断了/ Whathas a clock on its face?表盘上有什么？Italian[i5tAljEn] adj.意大利（ 人） 的；意大利语的: French and Italiancheeses are famous.法国干酪和意大利干酪都是很有名的。

n .意大利人；意大利语: An Italian speaks Italian.意大利人讲意大利语Italy[5itEli] n.意大利：He has lived in Italy since he was five years o ld .他自从5岁就住在意大利/ Modem music was first developed in Italy.现代音乐最初是在意大利发展起来的中考英语考纲词汇用法详解(J)【 音标字体】 若本文件的音标在您的电脑上显示为乱码， 那是由于您的电脑没有安装音标字体的原因，遇此情况请到本站“ 下载中心”下载" 英语音标" 文件 jacket[5dVAkit] n.夹克衫：This new jacket of yours looks nice.你这件新上衣很漂亮 / It was such a warm day that I took offmy jacket.天气这样暖和，我把短上衣脱掉了January[5dVAnjuEri] n. 一月： January is the first month of a year.一月是一年中的第一个月。

Japan[dVE5pAn] n .日本：Japan is an island country.日本是个岛国/ Japan is a developed country.日本是发达国家Japanese[dVApE5nl:z] adj.日本的；日本人的：Japanese customs are strange to u s .日本的风俗对我们来说很陌生n .日本人； 日语：I have ever seen a Japanese.我曾见过一个日本人 / Do you speak Japanese?你讲日语吗？job[dVCb] n.工作：He has a job as a teacher.他担任教师的工作/ That looks nice —you've done a good jo b .这东西很好看-你干了件漂亮的活 辨析】job和work：两者均指“ 工作”，但job主要指雇佣有报酬的工作，有时也可指零工、散工等，是可数名词；而work指 “ 工作”、 “ 劳动”，是一个含义极广的常用词，可指脑力劳动或体力劳动，也可指为了谋生而工作或劳动，是不可数名词如：He has a good job in the bank.他在银行有份不错的工作。

/ They stopwork at five.他们5 点钟下班join[dVCin] v.加入； 参加： He joined us for a walk.他同我们一起去散步/ He joined the army when he was 16. 他参军时刚 16岁 说明】表示参加或加入某团体、党派、组织等，并成为其中的一个成员如： join the Party 入党 / join the League 入团 / join theArmy参 军 / join the Trade Union参加工会等，join是终止性动词，不能与一段时间连用 join还可表示与某人在一起或与某人一起做某事，通常用 join sb / join sb in （ doing） sth如：He'll join us in singing the song.他将同我们一起唱歌joke[dVEuk] n.笑话，玩笑：That was a good joke.那是个很有趣的笑话/ I said it just as a joke.我当它只是个玩笑来说journalist[5dVE:nElist] n.记者，新闻工作者: She is a journalist known to everyone.她是个人人皆知的新闻工作者。

journey[5dVE:ni] n.旅程；旅行；路程：Have a pleasant journey!一路顺风！ / I wished him a safe journey.我祝他一路平安/ How did the birds find their way on that long journey?这么远的距离，鸟儿是怎样认识路的呢？【 注意】journey通常指远距离的陆地旅行，并且不一定要返回到出发地（ 即通常指单程） 如：I wish you a pleasant journey.祝你一路顺风juice[dVU:s] n.（ 水果、蔬菜、肉等的） 汁；果汁：I like fruit juice.我喜欢喝果汁/ Could you have another glass of orange juice?再来一杯橙汁吧July [dVu:5lai] n.七月: It's July 1st.今天是 7 月 1 日 / He cameto the city in July.他是七月份到城里来的jump[dVQmp] v.跳：Don't jump out of a window.不要从窗口跳出。

/ He jumped over the w all.他从墙上跳了过去jumper[5dVQmpE] n,跳跃者：She is a good jum per.她是个跳高能手June[dVU;n] n.六月：June 1st is International Children's Day. 6 月1日是国际儿童节just[dVQst] adv.刚才，仅仅：You're too late; the train's just left.你来得太晚了，火车刚开走/ Just a little more, please.请再来一点儿 短语】just now刚才;不久以前：I arrived here just now .我刚到这儿/ Tina phoned just now .蒂娜刚来过中考英语考纲词汇用法详解(K)【 音标字体】 若本文件的音标在您的电脑上显示为乱码， 那是由于您的电脑没有安装音标字体的原因，遇此情况请到本站“ 下载中心”下载" 英语音标" 文件 keep[ki:p](kept, kept)v.保持; 留住：Please keep quiet.请保持安静。

/ Please try to keep out of the w ay.请注意别挡路 / Keep yourclothes clean.衣服要保持干净/ The cold kept him in bed for three days.这次感冒使他 3 天没起床/ I'm sorry to have kept you waiting so long.对不起让你久等了 短语】keep doing something 一直都做某事:They kept laughingfor ten minutes.他们一直笑了 10 分钟 / Don't keep (on) askingsuch questions.不要老问那样的问题key[ki:J n.钥匙：I turned the key and opened the door.我转动钥匙， 打开了门 / I have a bunch of keys in my pocket.我衣袋里有一串钥匙 用法】表示“ 钥匙” ，其后用介词to, o fo如Have you got the keyto[of] the door?你有这门的钥匙吗？用于比喻，表 示 “ 答案”、“ 解答”、 “ 秘诀”、 “ 关键”、 “ 图解”、 “ 图表”等意时，一般只与介词to连用。

如：This is the key to the problem.这是问题的关键keyboard[5ki:bC:d] n.键盘：Each user needs a keyboard for inputand a screen for output.用户需要一个键盘进行输入， 一个显示器进行输出kid[kid] n.（口语） 小孩子：Get the kids and come o n .叫上孩子, 跟着来！ / How are your wife and kids?你妻子和孩子好吗？kill[kil] v .杀死，弄死：We kill animals for food.我们把牲畜杀来吃/ This man was killed in battle.这个人阵亡了kilo[5ki:IEu] n.千克，公斤：A ton is equal to one thousand kilos.1吨等于1,000公斤/ I want half a kilo sugar.我想要1斤糖 说明】用作kilogramme （ 公斤，千克） 的简称；主要用于口语中；其复数形式为kilos okilometer[5kilEmi:tE] n .公里，千米：Km is a short way of writing kilometer. Km 是 kilometer 的缩写形式。

/ A kilometer is a thousand meters. 1公里等于1,000公尺kind][kaind] n.种类：What kind of game do you like to watch bes t?你最喜欢观看哪种运动的比赛？ a d j.和蔼的，友好的：They are kind to each other.他们彼此间很友好 / It was very kind ofyou to help m e .您真是太好了这样帮助我kind-heart ed[5kaind5hB:tid] adj.好心的：The old kindhearted mansaved the snake.这位好心肠的老人救起了这条蛇 短语】 a kind of ——种， ——类：The elephant is a kind of animal.大象是一种动物kinds o f各种各样的：I like all kinds of fruit.我喜欢各种各样的水果kitchen[5kitFin] n.厨房：Mother is cooking lunch in the kitchen.母亲在厨房里做午饭。

kite[kait] n.风筝：The kite is far up above the house.风筝高高飘在房子上方/ Let up a kite with the w ind.让风筝随风升高/Let us draw in The kite.把风筝收回来吧 说明】汉语中的“ 放风筝" ，英语用fly kites或fly a k ite表示knee[ni：] n.膝盖：She was on her knees planting flowers in the garden.她在花园里跪着种花 / The watercomes above the knees.水漫过了膝盖knife[naif] n .小刀：Where is my knife?我的小刀在哪儿？ / He opened his knife to cut an apple.他把小刀打开去切苹果 注意】其复数形式为knivesoknock[nCk] v.敲， 击：He knocked his head against the door.他的头撞在门上 短语】 knock at 敲（ 门, 窗等） ：He knocked at the door and entere d .他敲了敲门，走了进来。

knock o n敲（ 门，窗等） ：She knocked on my door early on Saturday morning.星期六一大早她就来敲我的门 注意】 表示“ 敲门” 之类的概念时，knock为不及物动词， 后接介词on, a t均可know[nEuJ knew, known v.知道；懂得： I know you can do it.我知道你能做到/ I didn't know where she w as.我不知道她在哪儿knowledge[5nClidV] n .知识， 学问： Knowledge is power.知识就是力量 / A little knowledge is a dangerous thing. 一知半解是危险的 用法】是不可数名词，表泛指时，不用冠词；表程度时，可 用 a 1ittle, some, much等修饰，但不可用a few, many等修饰，更不能用复数形式如：He has much knowledge of music.他很懂音乐知识/ My knowledge of English is very poor.我的英语知识很贫乏。

中考英语考纲词汇用法详解(L)【 音标字体】 若本文件的音标在您的电脑上显示为乱码， 那是由于您的电脑没有安装音标字体的原因，遇此情况请到本站“ 下载中心”下载" 英语音标" 文件 Iab[IAb] n.实验室：The professor took the students to the chemistry lab.教授把学生们带到化学实验室去 / He has a small physicslab of his own.他有一所他自己的小物理实验室 说明】其完整形式为laboratoryoIady[5leidi] n.女士, 夫人：Who is that lady?那位女士是谁？ / She is lady Hamilton.她是汉密尔顿夫人 注意】用于Ladies and Gentlemen ( 女士们，先生们) 这一习语中，其词序不能反过来， 且一定要用复数形式，即使在一群人中只有一个男性或女性也是如此【 短语】ladies' room（ 妇女用） 公共厕所：The cleaner cleans Ladies'room every morning.清洁工每天早晨打扫女厕所。

lake[leik] n.湖 :The water in the lake is quite clear.湖水十分清澈/ People go swimming in rivers and lakes.人们到江湖中游泳land[IAnd] n .陆地；土地：He came home by land.他由陆路回家/ There is a lot of good corn land round here.这儿有不少很好的麦地language[5IANgwidV] n.语言：A foreign language is a useful tool.外语是有用的工具/ English is a modern language and Latin is an old language.英语是现代语言，拉丁语是古老的语言lap[IAp] n.（ 竞赛场的） 一■ 圈 ：Peter did not win the race because he fell on the last la p .彼得在赛跑中没有获胜，因为他在最后一圈中摔倒了largetlB:dVj adj.大的：This coat is too large for m e.这件上衣我穿太大。

/ A large of people are over there. 一大群人在那边 短语】a large number of 许多：There are a large number of boys in this class.这个班里有很多男孩子/ There were a large number of people at the football m atch.有很多人看足球比赛last[IB:st] adj.最后的，刚过去的：This is the last week of the term .这是本学期最后的一周a d v .最后：David arrived last.大卫是最后到的v.持续：The meeting lasted two hours.会议持续了二个小时/ The hot weather will last until September.炎热的天气将会一直持续到九月 短语】at la st终于，最后：At last he finished the w ork.他终于完成 了这项工作/ The cup had at last been returned to the professor.杯子最后传回给教授。

be late fo r迟到：We were late forthe theatre and missed the first a c t.我们到剧院晚了, 没有赶上第一幕later[5leitE] adv.以后，后来：See you later.再见/ Later she went to college and became a teacher.后来她上了大学， 成为一名教师/ PH come and see you later.我以后再来看你 短语】later on 后来；稍后:I'm busy now but Fil do it later on.我现在很忙，这事我以后再做 / You will meet the same wordagain a few pages later o n .再过几页，你会再遇到这个词laugh[IB：f] v.笑：The children are jumping and laughing.孩子们边跳边笑/ His joke made everybody laugh.他的笑话使大家都笑了起来 短语】laugh at 因. . . 而发笑，嘲笑：What are you laughing at?你在笑什么？ / We laughed at every word you said .你说的每一句话都使我们发笑。

/ Don't laugh at people in trouble.不要嘲笑困境中的人lazy[5leizi] 4有.懒惰的:I don't think he is a lazy pupil.我认为他不是一个懒惰的学生/ My lazy brother never cleans his c a r.我弟弟懒，从来不擦洗他的汽车leaf[li:f] n.树叶：In autumn the leaves fall down from the trees.秋天树叶从树上掉下来 / This tree has green leaves throughout the year.这种树四季常青 说明】其复数形式为leavesolearn[IE:n](learnt, learnt) v.学习：I have learnt (learned) English for three years,我学英语 3 年了 / He's learning (how) to drive ac a r.他在学习开车【 短语】 learn,• ,from,,• 向. . .学习： Where did he try to learn the word from ?他从哪里学来这个词的？ / It's necessary for us tolearn from each other.我们之间互相学习是必要的。

least[ll:st] adj.最小的；最少的：There wasn't the least wind yesterd ay .昨天一点风也没有 / Mike has a little money, Bill has less,and Mary has the least.迈克有少许钱，比尔更少，玛丽最少 用法】用作little的最高级，其后接名词，通常是接不可数名词如：He has least money of us a ll.在我们所有人当中他最没有钱leather[5leTE] n.皮革：His suitcase was made of leather.他的手提箱是皮制的leave[ll:v](left, left)v.离去；出发:The train leaves in five minutes.火车 5 分钟以后离站/ He will leave for Shanghai tonight.今晚他要到上海去/ He left Japan in 1979. 他 于1979年离开日本 短语】leave…behind把. . . 遗留在( 留下) ：I'm sorry to have left my notes behind.糟糕，我忘了带笔记。

/ She left her bag behind in the train.她把提包丢在列车上了left[left] adj.左边的：Not many people write with the left hand.用左手写字的人不多n .左边：Go down the street and turn to theleft, you'll see the theatre.顺着街走向左拐, 你就看到剧院了 短语】on the left(side)在左边：In England we drive on the left.在英国我们靠左行驶Ieg[leg] n.腿：Tables and chairs have four legs each.桌椅各有 4条腿/ He rose to his legs.他站了起来lend[lend] (lent, lent) v.把. . . 借给；借出:ril lend you the book.我将借给你这本书/ Please lend me your bicycle for an hour,M ay.梅，请把你的自行车借我用1小时 注意】表示把某物借给某人用句型lend sb sth或lend sth to sb。

less[les] adj.较少的： The water in the lake is getting less and less.湖里的水越来越少了adv.较少：He should speak less and listen more.他应该少说些，多听些 说明】less是 lit明的比较级 短语】 less than 不 至 I 」 ，少于：I bought it for less than 10 pounds . 我买它没花上10英镑/ He is eating less than usual.他比平时吃得少 注意】less...than表 示 “ 不像( 如) ……”、 " 与其……不如……”如：He is less clever than his brother.他不如他哥哥聪明/ I regard him less as my teacher than as my friend.与其说我把他当作老师，不如说我是把他当作朋友lesson[5lesn] n.课，功课：The lesson begins.开始上课啦/ She's having music lessons this year.她今年在上音乐课。

let[let](let, let)v.让 : He let himself in with a key.他用钥匙开门进去/ Let him try .让他1 试试/ Let us not talk of that matter.咱们不要提那事了 短语】 Let me see 让我想想看： This is a difficult question. Letme see.这个问题比较难，让我想一想Let's g o 我们一起去There is an interesting cinema this evening. Let's go.今晚有一场好看的电影，我们一起去吧 用法】用作使役动词，其后复合结构中的不定式不带to如：Letme have a look at it.让我看看 / We can,t let this go o n .我们不能让这事继续下去了librarian[lai5breEriEn] n .图书管理员： Her mother is a new librarian in our school.她妈妈是我们学校的新图书管理员library[5laibrEriJ n .图书馆：He goes to the library on Sunday mornings.他每星期天上午去图书馆。

/ The new library will open from September 1st.新图书馆将从9 月 1 日起开放licence, license[5laisns] n.执照，许可证：May I see you licence?我可以看看你的执照吗？ / If you want to hunt in America, youmust get a license to hunt.在美国如果你想狩猎，必须获得狩猎许可证lie[lai] （ lay, lain） v.躺，平躺：Kathy lay on the bed and read.凯茜躺在床上看书/ She lay in bed all day long because of illness . 她因病终日躺在床上 说明】其现在分词为lyingolifellaif] n.生命; 生活: How did life begin?生命是怎样开始的? /Is there any life on the moon?月球上有生命吗？ / He is livinga very h叩py life.他过着极幸福的生活 说明】其复数形式为livesoIifeboat[5laifbEut] n.救生船；救生艇：The ship takes lifeboats with itself as usual.通常轮船自带救生艇。

Iifetime[5laiftaim] n. 一生，终生: He was offered a lifetime professor ship.他被聘为终身教授lift[lift] n .电梯：Take the lift to the fifth floor.坐电梯到 5 楼 / Please ring for the lift.请按电铃上电梯 v.（ 雾 云） 消散； （ 雨） 停止:The cloud has lifted and we can see the mountains.云散了， 我 彳 门可以看见IWI山了 说明】表示“ 电梯” ，主要用于英国英语中，美国英语表示“ 电梯” ，用 elevator olight[lait] n.灯： Please turn on the lights.请开灯 adj.淡色的； 轻的：She was in a light blue dress.她穿着浅蓝色的裙子/ It's as light as a feather.它像羽毛一样轻like[laik] prep.像 , 跟 . . .一样：He is more like his mother thanhis father.他更像他的母亲而不像他的父亲。

/ She sings like a bird .她唱起歌来像小鸟一样v .喜欢：I like swimming.我喜欢游泳/ He likes watching [to watch] T V .他喜欢看电视 说明】其后接动词不定式或动名词均可，意义没有多大差别line[lain] n.线， 绳索： He bought a fishing line.他买了一根钓鱼线/ It is a straight line.这是一条直线 / Hang the clothes on the 1ine.把衣服挂在绳子上lion[5laiEn] n.狮子：The lion is the king of beasts.狮子是百兽之王/ Have you ever seen a lion in the zoo?你在动物园里见到过狮子吗？list[list] n.清单； 名单; 目录： Before I go shopping, I make a listof the things I must buy.在上街买东西之前，我把必须买的东西列出一个单子/ I did not see his name on the list.我在名单上没有看到他的名字。

listen[5lisn] v.听： We are listening to the teacher.我们正专心听老师讲课/ I listened but heard nothing.我听了听，但什么也没听到 短语】listen to 听：I enjoy listening to the radio.我喜欢听收音机/ Please listen to m e.请听我说Iitter[5litE] n.垃圾，废物：No litter, please.请勿乱丢垃圾v ,乱丢杂物：The yard was littered with bottles and cans.院子里瓶瓶罐罐丢得满地都是/ DonT litter up your room.不要把你的房间弄得乱七八糟little[5litl] adj.小; 不足够：There is a little hole in my coat.我的外套上有一个小洞 / I have little time for reading,我几乎没有时间看书adv.很少：I slept very little last night.昨晚我睡得很少 短语】a little 一点; 少量：A little more sugar, please.请多放点儿糖。

/ She can speak a little English.她会讲一点英语 说明】其比较级和最高级为分别less和 least 辨析】 little与 a little：前者表示量很少甚至几乎没有，强调“ 少” ,含有否定意味；而后者表示量虽不多，但毕竟还有，强调“ 有” ，含-jtr t - i - f ,-y V . n -H有月TH后味live[liv] v .居住： My grandmother has lived in the countryside for about 20 years.我的祖母在乡下住了大约20年/ He has no room to live in .他没有房子住 短语】live on以. . .为食，靠. . .生活：The Chinese live on rice . 中国人以大米为主食/ He lives on his friends.他靠朋友接济度日lively[5laivli] adj.热闹的；有生气的：He had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting.他有一种奇特的办法使他上的课生动有趣。

/ The market is quite lively.市场相当活跃living room[5liviNrum] n.起居室：Our new living room is very comfortable and big.我们的新起居室既宽敞又舒适Iock[ ICk] n.锁：There is a lock on the door.门上有一把锁/ The lock is broken.锁坏了v .锁，锁上：I forgot to lock the box.我忘记把箱子锁上London[5IQndEn] n.伦敦：London is the capital of the Great Britain.伦敦是英国的首都/ This happened in London.事情发生在伦敦lonely[5IEunliJ adj.孤独的，寂寞的：I was alone, but I did not feel lonely.我虽然孤单，但我不感到寂寞/ He doesn't feel Ionely when he is left alone.他单独留下时并不感到寂寞 说明】虽以-ly结尾，但它是形容词而不是副词。

long[ICN] adj.长的:Do you like women to have long hair?你喜欢女人留长发吗？ / That bridge is more than 500 meters long.那座桥长五百多米 短语】 long jump 恸K远： He is best at long jump in our class.他在我们班最擅长跳远look[luk] v.瞧, 看; 看上去, 显得:Look, there comes the b u s.瞧,车来了/ You must look both sides before you cross a road.横穿马路之前， 你一定要两边都看一下 / You look cheerful today.今天你显得很高兴n .瞧， 看：Let me have a look at your newbook.让我看看你的新书 短语】look after 照看，照顾：A nurse looks after sick people ina hospital.医院里护士照看病人look a t看，观看：Look at themap on the wall, please.请看墙上的地图。

look for 寻找：Fm 1ooking for my glasses. I don't remember where I put them .我正在寻找我的眼镜，我忘了放在哪里了look lik e看起来像：Lucylooks like L ily.露西看起来像丽丽look out留神，注意：Lookout! The car may hit y o u .当心！车会撞着你的look over 检查：I'm going to look over the house that I'm thinking of buying.我要去查看我想买的那座房子look the sam e看起来很像：The twins look the sam e.这对双胞胎看起来一模一样look u p查寻；抬头看：I looked up the word in a dictionary.我在词典里查了这个词/ We lay on the grass and looked up the sk y .我们躺在草地上仰望天空lose[lu:z] (lost, lost) v.丢失；迷失( 方向) : He lost his pen on theboat.他在船上把钢笔丢了。

/ Be careful- don't lose yourself.小心，别迷路了lot [I Ct] n.许多：A lot of work is to be done this week.本周将有许多工作要做 短语】a lo t很；非常：Your father loves you a lot.你的父亲很爱你/ Thanks a lo t.非常感谢a lot o f大量, 许多: We spenta lot of money in the supermarket.我们在这家超市里花了很多钱lots of 许多：There are lots of new words in Book 3. 第 3册书中有许多生词loudflaud] adj.大声的, 响亮的：The children made a loud noise downstairs.孩子们在楼下大声喧哗loudly[7laudli] adv.大声地，高声地：Someone knocked loudly at the door.有人大声敲门 / Don't talk so loudly.别这么高声说话loudspeaker[5laud5spi:kE] n.扬声器：He helped change a new loudspeaker.他帮我换了一台新的喇叭。

love[IQvJ v .爱，喜爱：He loved his mother very deeply.他深深地爱着他的母亲/ He loves to play table tennis.他喜欢打乒乓球low[IEu] adj.低的；浅的; 矮的: Water freezes at a low temperature . 水在低温时结冰/ I bought it at a low price.我以低价买下它/ She jumped over the low wall.她跳过了 矮墙Iuck[IQk] n.运气； 好运： Please wish me good luck for my exams!请祝愿我考试交上好运！ / But then his luck changed.不过，他的运气转了Iucky[5IQki] adj.幸运的；侥幸的：John is lucky to get that job.约翰真幸运, 找到了那个工作/You're lucky to own a car.你有一辆小汽车真幸运luckily[5IQkili] adv.好运地；幸运地：Luckily I didn't hurt myselfwhen I fell.算我运气好，跌倒了没有受伤。

/ Luckily the policeman came right aw ay.幸运地是，警察马上就来了lunch[IQntF] n .午餐：What time do you have lunch?你什么时间吃午饭？ / Won't you stay and have lunch with u s ? 留下来和我们一起吃午饭好吗？中考英语考纲词汇用法详解(M)【 音标字体】 若本文件的音标在您的电脑上显示为乱码， 那是由于您的电脑没有安装音标字体的原因，遇此情况请到本站“ 下载中心”下载" 英 语 音 标 " 文 件 Macao[mE5kauj n .澳门： Macao is in the southeast of C hina.澳门位于中国的东南面machine[mE5FI:n] n .机器：That machine is at w ork.那台机器正在运转 / Is it made by hand or by machine?它是手工做的还是机器做的？madam[5mAdEm] n .女士, 夫人，小姐：This way, please, madam.夫人，请这边走。

/ Can I help you, M adam?夫人，我来帮你好吗？/ Excuse me, madam, can you tell me the time please?对不起，太太，请问现在是几点钟？【 说明】常大写第一个字母，主要用于呼语，用来对已婚或未婚女性的尊称magazine[7mAgE5zi:n] n .杂志：He likes collecting old magazines.他喜欢收集旧杂志mainland[5meinlEnd] n.大陆； 本土( 对岛屿， 半岛而言) ：The shipleft the island and headed for the mainland.轮船离开小岛向大陆开去make[meikj (made, made) v.制作，做：The boy made a frame forhis picture.这孩子为他的画做了一个架子/ Birds make their nests in spring.鸟儿在春天筑巢/ Don't make any noise in the 1ibrary.不要在图书馆内大声喧哗 短语】be made in 在. . . 生产或制造：Watches made in Switzerland are famous.瑞士产的表很有名。

be made o f由. . .制成：The chair is made of w ood.这椅子是用木头做的make a decision做 出 决 定 :They have made the final decision.他们做出了最后的决定/ Since you weren't at the meeting, we made the decision without y o u .因为你没来开会，我们便自己决定了make a mistake 犯错误：I made a mistake in the English te st.英语考试时我答错了一处make a noise 吵闹：The plane made a loud noise when it landed.飞机着陆时发出很大的噪声/ They made anoise when they played gam es.他们玩游戏时很吵make faces做鬼脸；做苦脸：Each student dipped a finger into the mixture,sucked it and made a face.每个学生都把一个手指伸进混合液里蘸了一下，舔了舔，然后做了一个鬼脸。

make money赚钱：In the old days he never made enough to feed his fam ily.在 I日社会，他挣的钱从来不够养家make room for给. . . 腾出地方：Pleasemake room for m e.请给我让出点地方make su re确保，确认，查明：Make sure you get there in time. 一定要准时到达那里make telephone (phone) calls 打：As soon as you got home, you'd better make phone calls to us at first.你一至!j家最好先给我们打个make up one's mind 下决心：She made up her mind to catch up with her classmates.她下决心要赶上她的同班同学man[mAnJ n .男人；人：Don* cry. Be a m an!不要哭，要像个男子汉！ / How long has man lived on the earth?人类在地球上居住多久了？【 注意】其复数形式为men。

man-made[5mAn meid] adj.人造的，人工的：China has sent up Iots of man-made satellites into the sky0 中国向太空发送过许多人造卫星many[5meni] adj,许多的，多的：There are many mistakes in hisexercises.他的练习里有许多错误/ Many people think s o .许多人认为是这样的 注意】many, m uch的比较级和最高级分别为more和mostmaplmAp] n.地图：This is a map of C hina.这是一幅中国地图/Do you see this point on the im p ?你能看到地图上的这一点吗？March[mB:tF] 3 月：March 8th is the International Working Women飞Day. 3月8日是国际劳动妇女节mark[mB:k] n.记号，标记，痕迹：When you read, you'd better make a mark where you have any questions.你读书时, 最好在有问题的地方作个记号。

/ You have left dirty marks on the floor.你在地上留下了污迹market[5mB:kit] n.市场，集市： Many different kinds of meat are sold in the m arket.市场上出售各种肉marry[5mAri] v.结婚：She married a doctor.她和一位医生结了婚/ They have married for ten years.他们已经结婚 10 年了match[mAtFJ n .比赛，竞赛：I like to watch tennis matches.我喜欢看网球赛/ Will you go to watch the basketball match this afternoon?今天下午你要去看篮球比赛吗？math[mAW] n.( 美) 数学：He failed in the examination in m ath.他数学考试不及格maths[mAWsJ n.( 英) 数学：Both (the) children are good at maths.这两个孩子数学都很好。

/ She飞our maths teacher.她是我们的数学教师matter[5mAtEJ v.要紧；有关系：It doesn't matter that you came 1a te .你来晚了， 这没什么 / What does it matter?这有什么关系？/ It doesn't matter about closing the window.关上窗户没关系 说明】matter作动词主要用于否定句，疑问句中mayfmei] (might) v . au x .可以; 可能; 也许：Now you may go.现在你可以走了/ He may be lucky.他可能很幸运May[mei] n.五月：May Day is a great international holiday.劳动节是一个大的国际性的节日maybe[5meibi] adv.也许；大概：Maybe it is right.这可能是对的/ Maybe well see you tomorrow.或许我们明天会见到你 辨析】m aybe和may be：前者是副词，作状语；而后者是“ 情态动词+be” ,在句中作谓语。

如：Maybe you are right. =You maybe right.你也许是对的 / Maybe he has lost the way. =It may be that he has lost the w ay.他可能迷路了me[mi:J pron.我：Give it to me, please.请把那个给我 / She is sitting next to m e .她坐我旁边/ Can you help m e?你能帮我忙吗？meal[mi：l] n. 一餐 , 一顿饭：We have three meals every d a y .我们每天吃三餐 / Take the medicine three times a day before meals.这药一日吃三次， 饭前服 / We are so busy that we forget ourm eal.我们太忙了以至于忘了吃饭mean[ml:n] (meant, meant) v.意思是： What does “newspaper”mean, please?请问"newspaper”是什么意思？ / I mean the red one, not the green o n e.我是指那个红的，不是绿的。

/ What do you m ean?你是什么意思？meaning[5mi:niN] n.意思，意义，含义：What is the meaning of this w ord?这个词的意思是什么？ / One word can have several meanings. 一个词可以有几个意思meat[mi:t] n .肉：We always cook m eat.我们常做肉菜 / His piece of meat fell into the river.他那片肉掉到了河里medicine[5medisin] n .内服药；医学：It is a good medicine for coIds.这是一种治感冒的良药/ My parents hoped I would studymedicine.我父母亲希望我学医meet[mi:tj (met, met) v.见面, 会面, 遇见：Glad to meet y o u .见到你很高兴/ I have never met him before.我以前从没见过他meeting[5mi:tiNJ n.会；集会：Who is going to speak at the meetin g ?谁将在会上发言？ / What time does the meeting begin?会议什么时候开始？ / The parents5 meeting is to be held next Friday.家长座谈会准备下星期五举行。

melon[5melEn] n.瓜：He bought a water m elon.他买了一个西瓜member[5membE] n.成员： I am a member of the basketball team.我是篮球队队员 / He has been a League member for five years .他入团5年了memory[5memEri] n.记忆力；存储器：That man has a very goodmemory.那个人的记忆力很好/ When you get old your memory gets w orse.人老了，记忆力就减退了/ We use different memory for different purpose.为了不同的目的我们使用不同类型的存储器mend[mendj v.修补，修理：Have you had the shoes mended?你把这双鞋子叫人修理了吗？ / His clothes needed mending.他的衣服需要缝补了mention[5menFn] v.提 至U ,说 至 !I： On the telephone, he mentionedthat he had been ill.在里，他说他病了。

/ I hope you didn'tmention my name to h er.我希望你没有向她提到我的名字 / She mentioned to me that she had received your letter.她曾向我提到过她收到了你的信menu[5menju:] n.（ 餐厅等的） 菜单:Ask the waiter for the m enu.问服务员要菜单/ What sort of soup is on the menu today?今天菜单上有什么汤？merry[5meri] adj.愉快的， 欢乐的:A merry Christmas to you!恭贺圣诞！message[5mesidV] n.消息，信息：Shall I take your message to her ?要我把你的消息捎给她吗？ / I have a message for you.我给你带来了 口信/ Fve just received a message from h im .我刚收到他的信/ Please give my mother a message to say that we shall be late.请给我妈妈带个信儿，告诉她我们晚点到。

metal[5metl] n.金属：Coins are made of m etal.硬币是金属做的 /Iron, silver and gold are m etals.铁、银和金都是金属metre[5mi:tE] n.公尺， 米：The desk is one metre long.这张桌子有一米长mid- autumn[5mid C:tEm] n.中秋：We usually eat moon-cakes onMid-autumn D ay.在中秋节我们常吃月饼middle[5midlj adj.中间的；中级的：Don't stop your bike in the middle of the road.别把你的自行车停在路中间 短语】middle school 中学：My mother is a teacher at the middle school.我母亲是中学老师/ W eare middle school students.我们是中学生midfield[5midfi:ld] n .中场( 指足球中的中间地带) :He kicked the ball into the midfield.他把球传到了中场。

搭配】midfield player 中场球员：The midfield player kicked thefootball out of the field.那个中场球员把球踢出了场外midnight[5mid7nait] n.午夜：The accident happened about midnight.那场事故在午夜时分发生/ He didn't come back until after [past] midnight.他直到半夜过后才回来 说明】因midnight指的是午夜12点，所以不能说in (the) midnight, during the midnight 等milklmilk] n .牛奶：Milk is good to health.牛奶对健康有益/ Have a glass of milk with your breakfast.吃早饭时喝杯牛奶million[5miljEn] n.百万：The population of New Zealand is now three million.新西兰现有人口 300 万/ Millions of hamburgers and French fries are eaten in America every year.每年美国人要吃掉几百万个汉堡包和法国油煎饼。

mine[main] pron.我的：I ran into an old friend of mine yesterday.昨天我偶然遇见一位老朋友 / Your cap is black, mine is blue.你的帽子是黑色的，我的是蓝色的minibus[5mini7bQs] n.小型公共汽车：They were traveling aroundthe city by minibus.他们乘小型公共汽车绕市区旅游minus[5mainEs] prep.减：Five minus two is three. 5 减 2 等于 3minute[5minitj n .分钟；一会儿:There are sixty minutes in an hour. 一小时有 60 分钟/ It's 25 minutes past six .时间是 6:25Miss[mis] n.女士； 小姐：Miss Sara is not in the office now .萨拉小姐现在不在办公室 说明】对未婚女性的称呼miss[mis] v.错过：She regretted having missed the film .她后悔没看那场电影。

/ We were nearly missing the ship.我们差一点就误了船 注意】表示“ 错过” 、 “ 未做到” 、 “ 幸免于” ，其后可接名词或动名词，不接不定式如：He missed (going to) the meeting on Sunday.星期天他没能去开会/ I missed (hearing) the new s.我没听到这个消息/ He just missed being struck.他险些儿被打着missing[5misiN] adj.丢失的; 失踪的：My pen is missing.我的钢笔丢失了 / The police are looking for the missing child.警察正在寻找那个丢失的孩子mist[mist] n.雾：The mist disappeared when the sun came o u t.太阳出来， 薄雾就消失了 / We couldn't see through the m ist.我们无法透过薄雾看见misty[5misti] adj.有雾的; 多雾的:It is a misty morning.这是一个多雾的早晨。

mistake[mis5teik] n,错误：I made three common mistakes in myEnglish examination.英语考试我犯了 3次常见的错误 / I lookedover the notes and found some mistakes.我把笔记检查一遍，发现了一些错误mobile[5mEubail| adj.可移动的：The mobile medical team will soon be here.巡回医疗队不久就要到这儿来【 搭配】mobile phone 可移动:Mobile phone is convenient.用起来很方便model[5mCdlJ n.模型；模范；样式：They're a model couple.他们是一对模范夫妻/ Make him your m odel.把他作为你的榜样moment[5mEumEnt] n. 片亥1J,瞬间:I waited (for) a few moments .我等了~■ 会 儿 / They repaired the machine in a moment.他们一会儿就把机器修好了。

短语】 a moment ago 冈ll才：Tina was here a moment ago.蒂娜刚才在这里a moment later 片刻之后：Pll be with you a moment later.我很快就去你那边Monday[5mQndi] n.星期一：Monday is the second day of the wee k .星期一是一周中的第二天 / They will arrive on Monday morning.他们将于星期一上午到达money[5mQni] n.钱：It must cost a lot of money to study abroad.到国外学习一定要花不少钱 / Money doesn't always bring happiness.钱并不一定总给人带来幸福monkey[5mQNki] n.猴子：One day a little monkey was playing in a tall tree by the river. 一天,一只小猴子在河边的一棵大树上玩耍month[mQnW] n .月，月份：I haven't heard from him for months.我好几个月没收到他的来信了。

/ He wrote home every month.他每月给家里写信 / He is going to Beijing on business next mon th .下个月他要到北京去出差moon[mu:n] n .月亮：The moon moves round the earth.月亮绕着地球转/ The sun is bigger than the m oon.太阳比月亮大mooncake[5mu:nkeik] n.月饼：This kind of mooncake is quite delicious.这种月饼很好吃more[mC:J adj.更多的： I'm still hungry 一 can I have some morepudding?我还饿，我可以再要些布丁吗？ adv.更加：I like football more than swimming.我喜爱足球胜过游泳 短语】 more and more…越来越. . . ：I like to read books more and more.我越来越喜欢读书 more and less多少有点； 或多或少：Our explanation was more or less helpful.我们的解释多少有些帮助。

/ The boy is more or less tired.这孩子有些累了more than 超过：She is more than sixty years old.她 60 多岁了the more, the better 越多越好: The more I see him, the better I like him. 见他次数越多，我越喜欢他morning[5mC:niN] n.早晨；上午：I start work at eight in the morning.我上午 8 点开始工作/ I met him on one warm Sunday moming.在一个温暖的星期天早晨我遇到了他 短语】morning paper 晨报： He reads a morning newspaper forhalf an hour every day.他每天读半个小时晨报most[mEust] adv.最多：I like the last song most.我最喜欢最后那首歌adj.最多的，大部分的： Most students are studying English hard now.现在大多数学生都在努力学习英语。

/ Thafs the most helpful book.那本是最有用的书pron.大部分，大多数：Most of what he says is true.他说的话大部分是真实的mostly[5mEustli] ” 加. 主要地; 大部分: The earth here is mostly clay .这儿的土大部分是黏土/ Most of the Americans use their cars mostly for their jobs.大多数美国人的汽车主要是用来上班的mother[5mQTEJ n.母亲：His mother and father are both college teachers.他的父母都是大学教师/ She's a mother of three.她是3个孩子的妈妈/ Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母motorbike[5mEutEbaikJ n.摩托车：Then the second motorbike wentpast.然后第二辆摩托车开了过去mountain[5mauntin] n .山 , 高山：They lived at the foot of a mountain.他们住在山脚下。

/ Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the w orld.珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山峰 辨析】mountain和hill： 一般说来，mountain指" 大山" 或‘ ' 高山" ，而 hill 指 " 小山"如：The highest mountain in the world is in C hina.世界上最高的山在中国 / The town lies on a h ill.这个城镇坐落在一座小山上mouse[maus] n .鼠；耗子； 鼠标：There are a lot of mice in ourhouse; we must get a c a t.我们的房子里有很多老鼠, 必须弄只猫来 注意】其复数形式为miceomouth[mauW] n.嘴：Good medicine is bitter in the m outh.良药苦口/ The medicine is taken by m outh.这是口服的药 短语】mouth-to-mouth （ 人工呼吸） 口对口的：Mouth-to-mouth breathing is a kind of first a id .人工呼吸是紧急救护的方法之一。

move[mU:v] v.移动，搬动；搬家：He moved his chair nearer to the fire.他把椅子挪得离火更近些/ He's going to move out ofmy house.他准备从我家里搬出去moving[5mu:viN] adj.活动的，移动的；动人的：These are the moving parts of this machine.这些是这台机器的活动部分/ The story they heard over the radio was very moving.他们从收音机里听到的这个故事很动人Mr.[5mistE]=mister n .先生：When Mr. Smith and Beth were talking together, a visitor cam e.当史密斯先生和贝斯谈话时，来了一位客人 用法】M r.是mister之略，用于男子的姓（ 名） 或职务之前，但不用于教名前如：Mr（ John） Brown（ 约翰. ） 布朗先生/ Mr President主席先生Mrs.[5misiz]=mistress n.夫人：Mrs. Grey, he had discovered, loved cheap perfume.他发现格雷太太喜欢便宜的香水。

用法】M rs.是mistress之略，用于已婚妇女，其后接丈夫姓（ 名）或自己婚后的姓名如：Mrs （ Henry） Smith （ 亨利） 史密斯太太/Mrs Mary Jones玛丽・ 琼斯太太Ms[miz] n .女士： Hello, Ms. Langberg, I've been expecting your ca ll.你好，兰伯格女士，我一直在等你的 用法】用在婚姻状况不明的女子姓名前much[mQtFj adv.非常：After a good sleep I felt much better.舒适地睡了一觉以后，我感到好多了adj.多的，大量的：I haven，t got much m oney.我没有很多的钱 说明】其比较级和最高级分别为more和mostMuItiply[5mQltipli]• • , by..............乘以. . .：Three multiplied by six is eighteen. 3 乘 6 等于 18mumfmQm] n. （ 口语） 妈妈：What's the time, m um ?妈，现在几点了？/ Mum, I will get up at 8 o'clock.妈，我 8 点钟起来。

museum[mju:5ziEm] n.博物馆：We're going to visit the ScienceM useum.我们要去参观自然科学博物馆music[5mju:zik] n.音乐, 乐曲：From the radio came the music.从收音机里传来了音乐声 / Let's listen to some music on the rad io .咱们听听电台广播的音乐吧must[mQst] v.aux.必须，应当：We must be going now .我们现在得走了 / I must finish the work before I leave.我走之前一定要把这件工作做完myfmai] pron.我的：My hat fell into the w ater.我的帽子掉进了水里/ I brushed my teeth.我刷牙了myself[mai5self] pron.我自己：I teach myself English.我自学英语/ He fell off his bike and hurt himself.他从自行车上摔下来并伤到了自己/ I can do it myself.我自己会做。

用法】L用作同位语，用来加强被修饰词的语气如：I fixed thewindow m yself.或 I myself fixed the window.这窗户是我自己装的2 .用作宾语( 动词或介词的宾语) 如：Take good care ofyourself.好好照顾你自己中考英语考纲词汇用法详解(N)【 音标字体】 若本文件的音标在您的电脑上显示为乱码， 那是由于您的电脑没有安装音标字体的原因，遇此情况请到本站“ 下载中心”下载" 英语音标" 文件 name[neim] n.名字：What5s the name of that street?那条街的名称是什么？ / May I ask your nam e?您尊姓大名？ / The teacherknows all the pupils by their first nam e.老师知道全部学生的名字 短语】family name 姓 given name (=first name / middle name)名 字full nam e全名natural[5nAtFErEI] adj.自然界的, 天然的：We must develop thenatural resources of our country.我们必须开发我们国家的自然资源。

/ It's natural for a child to love its mother.孩子爱母亲，这是很自然的near[niE] prep.在. . .附近：Come near and listen to m e.靠近一点，听我说/ He lives near London.他住在伦敦附近nearby[5niEbai] adv.附近: My friend lives nearby.我的朋友住在附近/ There is a school nearby.附近有所学校/ Go to the road nearby.到附近的大路上去nearly[5niEli] adv.将近，几乎：It's nearly five o'clock.差不多 5点钟了/ Nearly everyone knows it.几乎每个人都知道这个 辨析】见 almost oneatly[5nl:tli] adv.整洁地: He writes neatly.他的字写得整齐清楚/ She dresses neatly.她穿着整洁necessary[5nesisEri] adj.必要的，必需的：Food and water are necessary to u s.食物和水对我们来说是必不可少的。

/ Is it necessary for you to go there every night?你必须每天晚上都到那里去吗？【 用法】在系表结构中不用“ 人” 作主语，而用事物作主语或用形式主语 it如：It's necessary for him to speak at the meeting.他有必要在会上发言neck[nekj n.劲，脖子：She wears a gold chain around her neck.她脖子上戴着一条金项链/ I seized him by the neck.我抓住他的脖子 短语】 neck and neck （ 竞赛等） 并驾齐驱：Tina from Class 1 andGina from Class 2 were still neck and neck, 1 班的蒂娜和 2 班的吉娜还是不分上下necklace[5neklis] n.项链：Who gave you that lovely necklace?那条漂亮的项链是谁给你的？ / How beautiful a diamond necklace!多么漂亮的钻石项链呀！need[nl：d] v.需要，必须：We need beer.我们需要啤酒。

/ She needs other children to play with.她需要和其他孩子一起玩/ Does she need to know?她必须知道吗？neighbor[5neibE] n,邻居：They are next-door neighbours.他们是邻居/ We were neighbours at dinner.吃饭时我们坐在一起neighborhood[5neibEhud] n .四邻，街坊：The whole neighborhoodwas there.街坊都在那里 / Were you bom in this neighborhood?你在这附近一带出生的吗？neither[5naiTE] adj.（ 两者） 都不： Neither book was very interesting.两本书都不是很有趣 两者） 都不：Neither was right.两个都错了/ Neither of them can understand.他们俩谁也不能理解 短语】neither,--nor,• , 既不. . .也不. . . . ：Neither the teachers nor the pupils are coming.老师和学生都没来。

/ Neither his answernor yours is correct.他的答案不对，你的答案也不对/ He neither wrote nor telephoned.他既没有写信，也没有打 用法】neither…nor…通常连接两个对等的句子结构如：It's neither too cold nor too hot.天气既不太冷也不太热若连接主语，谓语通常与靠近的一个主语保持一致如：Neither he nor I amwrong.你没错我也没错nervous[5nE:vEs] adj.紧张不安的：Whenever I see you I feel nervous.每当我见到你，我就感到紧张/ I get nervous at an examination.在考试时我有些紧张 / I felt very nervous when I went into his office.当我走进他的办公室时，我感到很紧张never[5nevE] adv.从未，决不：I have never been to Shanghai.我从未去过上海/ I shall never forget i t .我永远不会忘记它。

/ Fl1 never do this sort of thing.我决不会干这种事 说明】表示“ 至今从未” 、“ 从来没有” ，常与现在完成时连用 短语】never mind 没有关系：Never mind, I can do it by myself.没关系，我自己会做/ Never mind, put it aside, and start another o n e.没关系，把它放一放，再拿一本来new[nju:] adj.新的：The car was new .这辆汽车曾是新的/ Pvestarted learning a new language一Italian.我已开始学习一种新语言-意大利语New York[nju: 5jC:k] n.纽约：New York is a big international city in America.纽约是美国的一座国际性大都市newspaper[5nju:speipE] n.报纸：We read the newspaper every day .我们每天读报 / Will you get me a newspaper when you5re ou t?你出去顺便给我捎份报纸好吗？【 注意】 构成newspaper的news （ 消息） 和paper （ 纸） 均为不可数名词，但 newspaper （ 报纸） 去是可数名词。

如：There are some newspapers on the desk.桌上有几张报纸next[nekst] adj.下一个：See you next M onday.下星期一见 / He's going to teach us chemistry next term .下学期他将教我们化学 短语】next to 相 邻 , 靠 近:He lives in the house next to ours.他住在我们隔壁的那所房子里 / You can sit next to Roger at dinner.吃饭时你靠着罗杰坐nice[nais] adj.令人愉快的, 好的：It's nice to be sitting here withyo u .在这里陪你坐着是非常愉快的 / It is nice of you to say so.你这样说真是好极了nine[nain] num.九： Class begins at nine. 9 点钟上课 / Nine plusnine equals eighteen. 9 力 口 9 等于 18ninth[nainW] num.第九： The ninth lesson is very interesting.第九课非常有趣。

no[nEu] adj.没有： Many people had no work.许多人没有工作 /There are no buses after eleven. 11 点以后没有公共汽车interj.（ 用于否定的答复或陈述） 没有："Are you ready?” "No, Pm not.”“ 你准备好了吗？ ” “ 没有，我还没有准备好 短语】no longer不再：I go there no longer.我不再去那儿了 /She no longer needed the shoe.和她不再需要那只鞋子 / He isno longer a child.他不再是个孩子了no matter 不论. . ：It makes no matter whether I succeed or fail this time.这——次不论我是成功还是失败，那都无关紧要No.=number[5nQmbE] n .数字,号码: The No. 7 teaching buildingwas newly built.第 7 栋教学楼是新建的/ We live at No. 2 Church Street.我们住在教堂街2 号。

nobody[5nEubCdi ] pron.没有人：Nobody knows it.谁也不知道/I opened the door, but I could see nobody.我开了门, 但是没看见有任何人/ There is nobody there.那儿一个人也没有noise[nCiz] n.嘈杂声, 响声：There is too much noise in this class . 这课堂太嘈杂了/ A noise woke him up. 一声响把他吵醒了/ Don't make so much noise!别那么大声嚷嚷！none[nQn] pron. 一个人也没有；没有任何东西：He likes none ofthese books.这些书他一本也不喜欢/ None of the answers areright.所有的答案都不对/ None of the students passed the exam .没一个学生考试及格 / None were permitted to enter.任何人不准入内noisy[5nCizi] adj.喧闹的：She found some difficulty in looking after the noisy children.她觉得照看这些吵吵闹闹的孩子十分困难。

noodle[5nU:dl] n.面条：She often has noodles and pancakes.她常吃面条和煎饼 / Get some noodle for me when you go shopping.你上街买东西时替我买一些面条noon[nu:n] n .中午，正午：He has not come back since he left home at n o o n .自从他中午出去以后还没回I来 / The child drownedat a hot summer noon.在一个盛夏的中午那个孩子被淹死了 说明】指中午或正午12点，不指一段时间，因此，表示“ 在中午”或 “ 在正午”时，一般用介词at如：The workers had lunch atnoon.工人们中午12点吃午饭/ He left here at noon.他中午12点离开了这儿nor[nC:] conj.也不：It is neither hot nor cold in winter here.这里冬天既不热也不冷/ You don't like the film, nor do I .你不喜欢这部电影，我也不喜欢。

/ I don't want to go, nor will I .我不想去，也不会去north[nC:W] n.北方，北部：The north of China is colder than thesouth,中国的北方比南方冷/ In winter, the weather in the north is very cold.冬季北方天气很冷northeast[7nC:W5i:st] n .东北：Shenyang is in the northeast of Chin a .沈阳在中国的东北部northern[5nC:TEn] adj.北部的，北方的:They will travel in the northern cities.他们将在北方各城市旅行northwest[7nC:W5west] n.西北，西北部：The northwest wind isblowing.正刮着西北风nose[nEuz] n.鼻子：He has a running nose.他流鼻涕/ He hit her on the nose.他打了她的鼻子not[nCt] adv.不：He is not [isn't] tired.他不累。

/ I cannot [can'tjdo i t .我不会做这事/ She will not [won't] leave here.她不会离开这儿/ We did not [didn't] help h im ,我们没有帮他 / Hetold me not to open the door.他叫我不要开门 短语】 not,-,any more 再也不，不能再. . .：I can't drink the beer any m ore.我不能再喝啤酒了not,-,at all 一点也不：He did not like her at a ll.他一点也不喜欢她nothing[5nQWiN] pron.没有什么，没有东西：There's nothing in the box.盒子里什么也没有 / Nothing is le ft.没有东西留下 / She said nothing.她什么也没说notice[5nEutis] n,通知，布告：They sent me a notice.他们给我送来一份通知 / The notice on the door said that the library was closed.门上的通知说图书馆关门了。

v .注意，通知:I noticed a hole in the w all.我注意到墙上有—个洞/ He was noticed to enter the shop.有人看到他进了这家商店novel[5r） CvEI] n.（ 长篇） 小说：I've got a novel by m e .我带着一本小说/ I have read all the novels but o n e.我只差一本就把所有那些小说都读了/ Dickens wrote many novels.狄更斯写了许多小说November[nEu5vembE] n. H—•月：He was born on the morningof November 4th, 1960. 他出生于1960年11月4日的早晨now[nau] adv.现在:He does not live here now .他现在不住在这里了/ I have finished my work, now I'm going to b ed .我已经干完工作，现在要去睡觉nurse[nE:s] n.护士： The doctors and nurses looked after her veryw ell.大夫和护士很好地护理她。

/ This is Nurse M ary.这是玛丽护士/ Thank you, N urse.谢谢你，护士nut[nQt] n .坚果， 坚果核：I like the mooncakes with nuts in them.我喜欢有坚果的月饼 / We found a few nuts there.我们在那里找到了一些胡桃中考英语考纲词汇用法详解(O)【 音标字体】 若本文件的音标在您的电脑上显示为乱码， 那是由于您的电脑没有安装音标字体的原因，遇此情况请到本站“ 下载中心”下载" 英语音标" 文件 object[5CbdVikt] n .物体：I saw an object in the sky, but I don'tknow what it w as.我看见天空中有个物体，可是我不知道它是什么 / Tell me the names of the objects on this shelf.请告诉我这个架子上物品的名称ocean[5EuFEnJ n .海洋，大洋：They arrived at an island on the Indian Ocean.他们来到了印度洋上的一个岛。

/ There are countiess islands in the Pacific O cean.太平洋上有无数的岛屿o'clock[E5klCk] ad v.. . .点钟:Can you be here at eight o'clock tomorrow morning?明天早晨8点你能到这儿吗？ / What time is it? It's six o'clock.现在儿点了？ 6 点了 / He left between five and six o'clock.他在5点与6点之间离开的 说明】只与整点钟连用( 并且常可省略) ，不能与含有分数钟的时间连用如：It's five (o'clock) now .现在时间是5点October[Ck5tEubE] n .十月：National Day is on October 1 st.国庆节在10月1日of[EvJ p rep .. . . 的：Do you know the name of the plant?你知道这种植物的名字吗？ / She is one of my good friends.她是我的一位好朋友。

/ Beijing is the capital of C hina.北京是中国的首者【 说明】表示所有关系，用以构成名词的所有格 短语】of course当然：Of course Pll help y o u .我当然要帮助你/ Do you like it? Of course, I d o .你喜欢吗？我当然喜欢offer[5CfE] v.提供：They offered me a better position.他们给了我一个更好的位置n .提供：Thank you for your offer of help.谢谢你提供的帮助 用法】表示" ( 主动) 给予或提供”或 “ 愿意做”，其后可接双宾语或不定式，但不接从句或动名词如：He offered me his help.或He offered to help m e .他提出要帮助我office[5Cfis] n .办公室：He works in a lawyer's office.他在一家律师事务所里工作/ Pll take care of the affairs of office.我来处理办公室的日常事务often[5Cfn] adv.常常：Children often dislike homework.孩子们通常都不喜欢做家庭作业。

/ He often does th is.他经常干这种事 /I don't go to the movies very often.我不常去看电影 用法】 在句中的位置通常是放在行为动词之前， 特殊动词之后 如：They often come late.他们经常迟至限 / He has often been there.他经常去那儿有时为了强调，也可以放在特殊动词之前，甚至句首或句末 如：He often is a good student.他一直是个好学生oh[Eu] interj.啊，哎呀：Oh, dear m e .唉呀，我的妈呀/ Oh, what a pity!唉，真可惜！ / Oh, what are you doing?哎，你在干什么？【 说明】表示惊奇、赞赏、惊恐、恳求、痛苦、责难等 oil[CilJ n .油：Do you cook your vegetables with much o il?你炒菜用油多吗？ / She cooked the fish in oil in a p an .她在平底锅里用油煎鱼。

OK[Eu5kei] adv.（口语） 好，对,不错，可以：I hope the children are okay.我希望孩子们都好/ That's O K .没问题/ That car goes okay now .那辆车现在行驶情况良好/ Lefs go there, OK?我们去那里，好吗？old[Euld] adj. . . .岁的; 老的:I am twelve years o ld .我 12 岁/Old people don't go out so much as young people.老年人不像年轻人那样经常出去玩Olympic[Eu5limpik] adj.奥林匹克的：The Olympic Games are held every four years.奥林匹克运动会每四年举行一次 / The Olympic Games will be held in Beijing in 2008. 2008 年奥林匹克运动会将在北京举行 短语】the Olympic Games奥林匹克运动会：The most famous festival for athletes was the Olympic Gam es.运动员最出名的节日就是奥林匹克运动会。

on[Cn] prep.在. . .上，关于：The books are on the table.书在桌子上 / I think the picture would look better on the opposite wal1 .我想这张画挂在对面墙上的话看起来会好些/ He has writtena book on animals.他写过一本关于动物的书once[wQns] adv.曾经，以前；一次：He was once a taxi driver; now he is a college student.他以前当过出租车司机，现在是大学生/ There once lived a man who had two beautiful daughters.从前有一个人，他有两个漂亮的女儿/ I have seen her once only .我只看到过她一次/ I go to see a film once a w eek.我每周看一场电影【 用法】 用作副词表示“ 一次” ， 作频度状语， 通常放在句末； 表示“ 曾经 , , 、“ 一度, , 是表示不确定时间的副词，通常放在行为动词之前，特殊动词之后，有时也放在句首。

如：I've seen him only once.我只见过他一次/ He once [Once he] lived in the country.他一度住在乡下/ This novelwas once very popular but nobody reads it today.这本小说曾经很受欢迎，但现在没有人读了 短语】at once立刻，马上：We have to start at once.我们必须马上出发/ Stop that noise at once.马上把那个响声停下来once upon a time 从前，很早以前：Once upon a time, there weresix blind men in a village in India.从前， 在印度的一个村子里有6个瞎子one[wQn] num. 一： I have several coats but only one pair of trouse rs.我有几件上衣，但只有一条裤子prom 一个，一个人：Oneof them lost his ticket.他们中的一个人遗失了车票/ I have lost my umbrella; I think I must buy o n e.我把伞丢了，我想我必须买一把。

短语】one day将来某一天，有朝一日：One day we'll take a trip to C hina.总有一天我们会到中国旅行one-way[7wQn5wei] adj.单程的，单行的:He bought a one-way ticket from Beijing to Guangzhou.他买了一张从北京到广州的单不 王 方oonion[5QnjEn] n.洋葱：There is too much onion in the soup.这汤中有太多洋葱/The room is full of the taste of onion.屋子里充满了洋葱味儿online[7Cn5lain] adj.联线的：We are short of an online system.我们缺少联线系统only[5Eunli] adv.仅仅，只：He only wanted to know my name, that's a ll.他只想知道我的名字，如此而已/ I can only tell youwhat I know .我只能告诉你我所知道的事onto[5CntuJ prep.在. . .上面； 至U ........上面：The pen slipped ontothe floor.钢笔滑落到地板上了。

/ He stepped out of the train onto the platform.他下了火车踏上站台open[5EupEn] v.打开：The shop opens at nine o'clock.这家商店9 点营业adj.开着的：He looked at me with open eyes.他睁大眼睛瞧着我/ The window was wide open.那窗户大开着 短语】open u p开设；开业；开放：They decided to open up anoffice in tow n.他们决定在市区设立一个办事处opera[5CpErE] n.歌剧:This is the Vienna State Opera.这是维也纳国家歌剧院 短语】Peking Opera 京剧：I didn't use to like Peking Opera, butnow Pm getting interested.我过去不怎么喜欢京剧， 但是现在慢慢地感兴趣了opposite[5CpEzit] adj.对面的; 相反的:You must cross the bridgeif you want to get to the opposite bank of the river.女 口 果 你 要到河对岸去, 你必须过桥。

/ I asked the man opposite if he would open the door.我问对面的人他愿不愿意开门/ They were waIking in opposite w ays.他们向相反的方向走着 / The buses went in opposite directions—— one went east and the other went west.这两辆公共汽车朝相反的方向开，一辆向东，一辆向西 注意】 用作形容词， 表示“ 对面的” ， 可放在被修饰名词之前或之后，但表示“ 相反的” ，则只能置于被修饰名词之前or[C： ] conj.或者； 还是： A pen or a pencil is required.需要一支冷冈笔或铅笔Are you going to the theatre or the cinema?你去看戏还是去看电影？ / Will you have tea or coffee?你喝茶还是喝咖啡？orange[5CrindV] n.橙子， 橘子：Have an orange.请吃个橘子adj.橙色的：She likes the orange b ag .她喜欢那个橙色的包。

n.橙色：The girl in orange is my classmate.那个穿橙色服装的女孩是我的同学order[5C:dE] n.订货单；（ 点） 一份 菜 :I placed an order for 500 pairs of shoes with the factory.我向这家工厂定购了 500 双鞋v.订购：He ordered himself three new suits.他给自己定购了 3 套衣服ordinary[5C:dinEri] adj.普通的，通 常 的 :He is in ordinary dress.他衣着普通 / On ordinary days I get up at eight o'clock.平时我 8 点起床/ Did you see anything out of the ordinary?你看到什么不寻常的东西了吗？other[5QTEJ adj.另L l的，其他的：There are some other people waiting to see you.还有另外一些人等着要见你 / Where are the other books?其他的书在哪里？【 短语】on the other han d另一方面，反过来说：Father and Mother wanted to go for a ride, the children, on the other hand, wanted to stay home and play with their friends.父母想驾车出去兜风，另一方面，孩子们却想在家与朋友们一道玩。

our[5auE] pron.我们的：Our friends are coming to see us next week .我们的朋友们下星期要来看我们ours[5auEz] pron.我们的:This house is ours.这所房子是我们的/ Ours is larger than yours.我们的比你们的大ourselves[7auE5selvz] pron.我们自己：We will do it ourselves.我们自己会做的 / We built the house ourselves.我们亲自修建了这座房子 / We are old enough to take care of ourselves.我们己经长大了，能够照管自己out[autj adv.在外面：I cannot get the key out.我的钥匙拔不出来T ° / He often takes me out shooting.他常带我出去打猎 短语】out of prep.从. . .往外：She went out of the room, taking the flowers with her.她拿着花走出了房间。

outside[aut5said] prep.在. . . 外：He parked his car outside the theatre.他把汽车停在剧院外边adv.在外边: He went outside tolook at the new car.他到外面去看新车了over[5EuvE] adv.结束，完了；在那边：We'll go out when the rain is over.雨停了我们就出去 / School is over,放学了 / Comeover and see us on Sunday.星期天请到我们这里来玩吧 短语】 over there 在那边：I can see Henry over there.我可以看见亨利在那儿own[Eun] adj.自己的：He has a house of his own.他有自己的房子 v .拥有：Who owns this house?谁拥有这幢房子？ / We don't rent our house; we own it.我们的房子不是租的， 是我们自己的owner[5EunE] n.拥有者，所有者：He is the owner of the bike.他是这辆自行车的主人。

/ The owner of the house is a young woman,房主是位年轻的女子中考英语考纲词汇用法详解(P)【 音标字体】 若本文件的音标在您的电脑上显示为乱码， 那是由于您的电脑没有安装音标字体的原因，遇此情况请到本站“ 下载中心”下载" 英语音标" 文件 ppm/ PM[7pl:5em] n.下午，午后：He caught the 6 pm train to Beijing.他乘下午6点的火车去北京/ It is 6:30 pm now .现在是下午六点半pack[pAk] v.打包：We knew he was packing in his clothes.我们知道他在收拾衣服 / These things pack easily.这些东西很容易包装page[peidV] n （ 书的） 页 :There is a good article on page sixteen.第 16 页上有一篇好文章/ This book has over three hundred pag es.这本书有 300 多页。

/ Now turn to page 10, please,现 在 请翻到第10页 注意】常与介词a t或on搭配如：There is a picture of a ship on [at] page 3 5 .在35页上有张一艘船的照片pain[peinj n.疼痛，疼：She suffers greatly from a pain in the back .她背痛很厉害 / He has a pain in the head.他头痛 / His broken leg gave him a lot of pain.他的断腿非常痛painful[5peinfl] adj.疼痛的，痛苦的：My wound is still painful.我的伤口还在痛/ Is your tooth still painful?你的牙还痛吗?painter[5peintE] n.画家：He is a painter in watercolors.他是水彩Iffll 家/ Raphael was a famous painter.拉斐尔是一为著名 1 S I1 家painting[5peintiN] n.汕画；水彩画：There are some beautiful paintings at the exhibition.展览会里有一些美丽的油画。

I've boughtseveral old paintings.我买了 儿幅古画pair[peE] n.——对，——双：My gloves are worn out; I'm going to buy a new p air.我的手套坏了，我要去买双新的【 短语】 a pair of 一对，一双：Do you have a pair of chopsticks?你有双筷子吗？ / How many pairs of shoes do you have?你有几双鞋？palace[5pAlis] n .宫 ,宫殿：He's going to wait for me at the gateof the Children's Palace.他将在少年宫门口等我/ The BritishQueen lives in Buckingham Palace.英国女王住在白金汉宫 短语】the Summer Palace 颐和园：The Summer Palace is up tonow the best preserved and the largest imperial gardens in China.颐和园是中国现今保存最好、面积最大的皇家园林。

the PalaceMuseum 故宫博物馆:I haven't paid a visit to the Palace Museum .我没参观过故宫博物馆pan[pAn] n .平底锅:Fve come to return your p an .我来还你的平底锅/ Could I borrow a pan, please?我可以借个平底锅吗？panda[5pAndE] n .熊猫：The giant panda is one of the world's rarest animals.大熊猫是世界上最珍稀的动物之一paper[5peipE] n .纸; 报纸：Give me a sheet of white paper please .请给我一张白纸/ Have you read today's paper?你看过今天的报纸了吗？pardon[5pB:dn] v .原谅（ 某人） ,宽 恕 :Pardon me for disturbing you .请原谅我打扰你/ He begged her to pardon him （ for his rudeness） .他求她原谅他（ 的无礼） 。

n .原谅，宽恕:He asked for Tom's pardon.他请求汤姆原谅parent[5peErEnt] n .父（ 母） 亲 :He comes from poor parents.他出身贫穷/ He respects his parents.他很尊敬他的父母/ Both his parents are still alive.他的双亲都还健在/ He didn't dependon his parents.他不依靠父母生活 说明】表示“ 父母双亲” 用其复数形式parentspark[pB:k] n.公园：Let's go for a walk in the park.咱们到公园去散散步吧/ All the parks are free.公园全都免费v .停放：We can park the car here while we go shopping.我彳门去买东西的时候可以把车停在这里parking[5pB:kiN] n.机动车停放:No parking.禁止停车parrot[5pArEt] n .鹦鹉：Say, let's take the parrot along.咱们把鹦鹉带着，你看怎么样？ / The gray parrot lives mostly in West Africa.灰色鹦鹉大多生活在西非。

part[pB:t] n .部分：I read only (a) part of the story.这部小说我只看过一(小)部分 用法】当part of…作主语时， 谓语动词通常与o f后的名词的数保持一致如：Only (a) part of the story is true.这个故事只有部分情节是真实的/ Part of the pupils are interested in English.部分学生对英语感兴趣part-time[7pB:t5taim] adj.兼职的：She's looking for a part-time job .她在寻找一份兼职工作/ In summer holiday, I took a part-time jo b .暑假我做兼职party[5pB:ti] n.聚会：The party went off w ell.晚会开得成功/How many English parties had you had by the end of last term?到上学期末为止你们举行了儿次英语晚会？pass[pB:s] v.传 递 :Read the notice and pass it to your neighbor.看完这份通告后把它传给你的邻居。

/ Please pass me the salt.请把盐递给我 用法】表示“ 传递” 时可跟双宾语，若双宾语易位要用介词t如：Please pass me the dictionary. =Please pass the dictionary to me.请把那本词典递给我【 短语】 pass on 传递：They both passed on their sticks at the same tim e.他们同时把接力棒传出去了passenger[5pAsindVEj n .乘客，旅客：This bus can carry forty passengers.这辆公共汽车可以载4 0个乘客/ He followed the passengers onto the train.他随着旅客上了火车past[pB:st] n.过去：We know nothing of his past.我们对他的过去一无所知/ We cannot change the past.我们无法改变过去adj.过去的：The past week has been a difficult one for him .上周他很困难。

prep.（ 超） 过；经过：My grandmother is now past ninety.我祖母已过九十/ Mary took an apple as she walked past thetree.玛丽从苹果树旁走过时摘了一个苹果path[pB:W] n.路线；小路，小径：We walked along the path aeross the field.他们沿着小路穿过田地patient[5peiFEnt] n.病人：The patient is getting better.病人正在逐渐好转/ He set a good example to all by his deep concern for patients.他以对病人的深切关怀给大家树立了好榜样adj.有耐心的：You're very patient with m e .你对我真耐心 注意】 用作形容词时， 表示“ 对某人有耐心” 后接介词with；册“ 对某事有忍耐力”用介词 of如：We must be patient with children.我们对孩子一定要有耐心/ They are patient of hardships.他们能吃苦耐劳。

pause[pC:z] v.中止，暂停：The speaker paused for a moment, andthen continued.讲话的人停顿了一会儿，又接着讲下去n.暂停：He made a natural pause and then went on reading.他自然停顿了一下然后继续念下去pay[peij(paid, paid)v.给. . .报酬；付 款 :Have you paid the servan t?佣人的工钱你付了吗？ / Will you pay the bill?你买单了吗？【 短语】pay for 付钱，支付：I paid five dollars for the books.我花了 5 美元买这些书 / How much did you pay for your house?你买房花了多少钱？PE[5pi:5l:] n.体育：We had two lessons of PE a w eek.我们每周有两节体育课/ I am longing for first-period P E .我正盼望着第一节体育课呢pea[pl:] n.豌豆：We had peas and meat for lunch.中餐我们吃了豌豆和肉。

pear[peE] n.梨：These pears are sw eet.这些梨很甜 / The teacher gave them a pear each.老师给了他们每个人一个梨pen[penj n.钢笔：May I borrow your pen to write a letter?我可以借你的钢笔写封信吗？ / The pen doesn't write w ell.这支钢笔不好用pencil[5pensl] n.铅笔：My pencil is broken; may I borrow yours,please?我的铅笔断了，可以借你的用一下吗？ / Our teacher corrects our homework with a red pencil.我们的老师用红铅笔批改我们的家庭作业pencil- box[5pensl bCks] n.铅笔盒:The pencil is in the pencil-box .铅笔在铅笔盒里people[5pi:pl] n .人，人 ] ：The streets were crowded with people.大街上挤满 了人 / A lot of people go to the movies every evenin g .每天晚上都有许多人去看电影。

/ Were there many people atthe meeting?有很多人出席了会议吗？【 说 明 】表示“ 人” 或“ 人们” 时只用单数形式，但表示复数意义，作主语时谓语用复数pepper[5pepE] n .胡椒： Please pass the salt and pepper.请把盐和胡椒粉递过来performance[pE5fC:mEns] n .演 出 ；成 果 ；成 绩 :This is the oldactor's last performance.这是那位老演员的最后一 次演出/ Yourperformance on yesterday's test was very good.你昨天考试考得非 常 好perhaps[pE5hAps] adv.也 许 ，可 能 ：Perhaps they are already there by now .也许他们现在已在那里了/ Perhaps it will rain .也许会 下 雨 说 明 】用来表示不确定语气，通常位于句首，有时也放在句中或句末 person[5pE:snJ n .人 ：He5s a very important person.他是个很重要的人物。

/ You are just the person I wanted to se e.你正是我要见的人 / We have room for another person in the c a r.我们的汽车里还可以坐一个人personal[5pE:sEnl] adj.私 人 的 , 个 人 的 :This letter is personal, and I don't want anyone else to read i t .这是一封私人信件，我不想要任何人看pet[pet] n .宠物：No pets.请勿携宠物入内/ She has a cat as apet.她有一只宠物猫phone[fEun] n .； 机：She speaks quietly on the phone.她打时声音很轻/ Do you know the headmaster's phone num ber?你知道校长的号码吗？【 说 明 】在 口 语 中phone为telephone的缩略词，两者用法一样photo[5fEutEuJ n .照片：Would you like to see my holiday photos?你要不要看看我在假日拍的照片？physics[5fiziks] n.物理（ 学） ：We have a physics class.我们有一节物理课。

/ The teacher taught us how to make experiments in physics.老师教我们怎样做物理实验piano[pi5AnEu] n.钢琴:I am learning to play the piano.我正在学弹钢琴/ She danced to the piano m usic,她随着钢琴曲跳舞pick[pik] v.采摘（ 花，果实） ：The children were picking tomatoes in the garden.孩子们在园子里摘西红柿 短语】pick up 拾起，捡起：The children picked up many seashells at the seashore.孩子们在海边捡到许多贝壳/ Pick that book u p .把那本书捡起来picnic[5piknik] n.野餐：We had a picnic by the river.我们在河边举行了一次野餐/ It's a beautiful day—let's go for a picnic.天气真好——我们去野餐吧picture[5piktFE] n ,图片; 相片:What do you see in the pictures?你们在图中看到了什么？ / May I take a picture for you?我可以替你照一张相吗？pie[pai] n .（ 肉和水果的） 排：Don't eat too much p ie .别吃太多排。

/ My mother is baking an apple pie for m e .妈妈正在为我烤苹果排piece[pi:s]几 张； 片；块：The glass has been broken into pieces.玻璃杯摔碎了 短语】 a piece of 一张（ 片，块. . .） ： Will you have a piece ofcake?来一块蛋糕好吗？pigtpig] n.猪：He raised a litter of pigs.他养了一窝小猪/ There are many pigs in the pigsty.猪圈里有许多猪pill[pill] n.药丸，药片：Take one pill, three times a day after meaI s .饭后服用，每日三次，每次一粒/ It looks like a bottle of piIls.这看起来像一瓶药丸ping-pong[5piN pCNJ n.乒乓球：The two boys are playing ping-pon g .这两个男孩在打乒乓球 / They like to watch ping-pong matches.他们喜欢看乒乓球比赛。

pioneer[7paiE5nIE] n.先锋：The Young Pioneers usually have ameeting on Thursday afternoon.少先队员们通常在星期四下午开会pity[5piti] n.遗憾的事， 可惜的事:What a pity you can't come tothe party.真遗憾你不能来参加这次聚会/ Ifs a pity (that) he can't sw im .真遗憾，他不会游泳pizza[5pi:tsE] n.( 意大利式) 烤馅饼:The waiter brought a large pizza.侍者给他们送来一大张意式馅饼 / The kind of pizza is sweet.这种馅饼是甜的place[pleis] n.地方，地点：What's the name of this place?这里的地名叫什么？ / Where would be the best place to put this new clock?这面新钟最好放在哪里？【 短语】a place of interest 名胜：The Great Wall is a place of interest.长城是旅游胜地。

/ There are many visitors in most placesof interest in golden w eek.黄金周大部分旅游胜地都挤满了人plan[plAn] n.& 也计划：What are your holiday plans?假日里你有什么计划？ / We must plan everything carefully. 一切我们都要周密计划 用法】 用作名词表示做某事的计划、打算或办法等，其后通常接不定式或 for 短语如：He doesn't like my plan to go there alone. 他不赞成我一个人去用作动词表示“ 打算做某事”时，其后可接不定式或" on +动名词" 如：I am planning to start [on stanting] next m onth.我打算下个月动身planefplein] n. . 飞机：The boys are making model planes.孩 子 彳 门 正在制作飞机模型/ The plane is flying at a speed of 200 milesan hour.飞机正以每小时两百英里的速度飞行。

plant[plB:nt] v.种植：March is the time to plant trees. 3 月是种树的时节/ We planted some roses last year.去年我们栽了一些玫瑰n .植物：We can see various plants in the country.我们在乡下可以看到各种各样的植物plastic[5plAstik] n.& adj.塑料（ 的） :Our picnic plates are made ofplastic.我们的野餐盘子是塑料做的 / The table is covered witha plastic tablecloth.饭桌上铺着一张塑料台布platefpleit] n.盘子, 碟子：What's on this plate?盘子里有什么? /She put a plate of fish on the table.她把一盘鱼放在桌子上play[plei] n.剧; 喜居U： Who is the author of the play?谁是这个剧本的作者？ / Hamlet is a play written by Shakespeare.《 哈姆雷特》是莎士比亚写的一个剧本。

v.玩；打（ 球） ：Fil show you how to play the gam e.我来把这个游戏做给你看 / They like to play volleyball.他们喜欢打排球 短语】play a joke on 戏弄人：They played a joke on m e .他们跟我开了一个玩笑 / Don't play practical jokes on m e .别开我的玩笑playground[5pleigraund] n.操场： A group of children are playinggames on the playground.一群孩子正在操场上做游戏 / I was on the playground.我在学校运动场playhouse[5pleihaus] n .儿童游戏房：Look!A playhouse is over the re .瞧！儿童游戏房在那边pleasant[5plezEnt] a四愉快的，快乐的：I wish all of you a pleasant journey.祝大家一路顺风 / It is pleasant for me to see you.看到你我很高兴。

please[pll:z] interj.请：Please tell me how to spell the w ord.请告诉我怎样拼这个词 / Two cups of coffee, please.请来两杯咖啡/ Will you give me an apple, please?请给我一个苹果好吗？pleased[pli:zd] adj.高兴的，愉快的：The boys were very pleasedwith their presents.男孩子们很喜欢他们得到的礼物/ I am pleased at your com ing.你来我很高兴 短语】 be pleased with 满意，高兴：Jack seems very pleased with his new ca r.杰克看来对他的新车很满意/ He is pleased with his son's success.他对儿子的成功感到很满意plus[plQs] prep.加, 加上:Four plus five is nine. 4 力 口 5 等于 9 /Nine plus nine is eighteen. 9 力 口 9 等于 18。

/ The work of an engineer requires intelligence plus experience.工程师的工作需要智力加经验pocket[5pCkit] n .衣袋：He took a letter out of his pocket.他从口袋里拿出了一封信 / I have a handkerchief in my pocket.我口袋里有一块手帕point[pCint] v.指，指向：Our teacher pointed at the new words on the blackboard.我们老师指着黑板上的生词 用法】 用作不及物动词，表示用手指“ 指着”，通常与介词t 或at 连用 如：He pointed to [at] the map on the w all.他指着墙上的那张地图 / Ifs rude to point at people.用手指人是不礼貌的但是，若用于较远的事物，通常用介词to o如：He pointed to a tall building in the distance.他指着远处的一幢高楼【 短语】point a t指示, 指向：He pointed at the door,他用手指门。

/ The guide pointed at the West Lake and introduced it to us.向导指着西湖向我们介绍point t o证明，显示：The magnetic needle points to the north.磁针指向北方police[pE5li:s] n.警察（ 局）：The thief has been caught by the police .窃贼已被警方抓获/ The duties of the police are to keep order and to carry out the law .警察的职责是维持治安，执行法律 说明】表示“ 警察” 时往往含有“ 警方” 、“ 警察当局” 之意，其前通常用th e ,形式上是单数，但含义上为复数，用作主语时谓语动词用复数如：The police are looking for him .警察正在找他policeman[pE5li:smEn] n.警察：If you want to know the way, ask a policeman.如果你要打听路怎么走，可以去问警察/ The thief was taken to prison by a policeman.小偷被一名警察带进监狱里去了。

polite[pE5lait] adj.有礼貌的：What a polite m an!多有礼貌的人啊!【 用法】可用作表语或定语，表示“ 对……有礼貌” 用介词to o如：He is very polite to others.他对人很有礼貌politely[pE5laitli] adv.有礼貌地:She spoke very politely.她说话很有礼貌pollute[pE5lu:t] v.弄脏，污染：The air was polluted by factory smoke.空气被工厂排出的烟污染了poor[puE] adj.穷的；可怜的：We have a duty to help poorer countries.我们有责任帮助比较贫穷的国家 / The poor boy has losthis father.那个可怜的男孩失去了父亲 注意】表示“ 穷人” 这一类人时，其前加定冠词，具有复数意义，若用作主语，谓语动词用复数如：In the old society the poor were looked down upon.在旧社会，穷人被人瞧不起popular[5pCpjulE] adj.大众的，流行的：Football has become verypopular.足球已经变得很流行了。

/ Books on popular science are in great demand at present.目前科普读物的需求量很大 / Thesong has become popular.这首歌已经很流行了population[7pCpju5leiFn] n.人口；人数：What is the population of London?伦敦的人口是多少 / By what year will the world's population reach 9 billion?到哪一年世界人口将达到90亿？【 注意】 其前不能用数词修饰， 也不能与many或few之类的词连用，但可与large（ 多） ，small（ 少） 连用pork[pC:k] n.猪肉：The family had roast pork for dinner.他们家晚餐吃烤猪肉porridge[5pCridV] n .粥，稀饭：I had a bowl of porridge with miIk and sugar for breakfast.早餐我吃了一碗甜奶粥possible[5pCsEbl] adj.可能的： It is possible to live on the moon.在月球上生活是可能的。

/ Come as quickly as possible.尽可能快些来post[pEust] n .邮政；邮寄；邮件：I sent her birthday present by post.我送她的生日礼物是邮寄的/ The post has com e.邮件到了/ There is a heavy post today.今天邮件很多 注意】 post office M B局：Fve just taken letters to the post office.我刚把这些信件送往邮局postal[5pEustl] adj.邮政的：The postal system had to be changed.邮政制度必须改变 / The postal charges of these letters have been paid.这些信件的邮费已经付了postcard[5pEustkB:d] n .明信片：At Christmas we send Christmaspostcards to our friends.圣诞节我们给朋友们送圣诞贺卡postman[5pEustmEnJ n.邮递员:Has the postman been here yet?邮递员来过了吗? / The postman has taken the letters.邮递员已经把信取走了。

potato[pE5teitEuJ n.土豆，马铃薯：Would you like some more roast potatoes?再来点烤马铃薯好吗？pound[paund] n.磅：Three pounds of pears, please.我要 3 磅梨 说明】是重量单位，1英磅相当于0.454千克pour[pC:] v.灌 , 倒 ，倾泻：She poured a cup of water for m e .她给我倒了一杯水/ The rain poured down for hours.倾盆大雨下了几个小时practice [5prAktis] n.练习；实践：It takes a lot of practice to play the piano w ell.弹好钢琴需要大量的练习/ Don't talk so much about your ideas, but put them into practice.别老谈你的那些想法，去实践一下吧V.练习，实践：You should practice whatyou tell other people to d o .你叫别人去做的事，你自己应该实行。

/ The trouble is we don't practice enough.问题是我们练习得不够 说明】在英国英语中作动词用的“ 练习，实践” 常用practise表示，而在美国英语中则用practiceoprefer[pri5fE:J v.宁愿； 更喜欢：He always prefers staying at home.他一向比较喜欢待在家里 / They preferred her not to go with them .他们宁愿她不和他们一起去 短语】prefer… to…宁可选择；更喜欢：I much prefer dogs tocats.猫和狗之间我更喜欢狗/ I prefer doing to talking.我宁愿干，不愿谈 注意】表示“ 宁愿……而不愿……” 、" 喜欢……而不喜欢……” 、“ 与……相比，更喜欢……” 有下面两类句型可选用，prefer + (doing) sth + to (doing) sth 或 prefer + to do sth + rather than dostho如：I prefer the town to the country.我喜欢城市而不喜欢乡To / He prefers skating to skiing.他喜爱溜冰多于滑雪。

/ I prefer to go with them rather than stay at hom e.我宁愿同他们一道去而不愿呆在家里present[5prezntj n .礼物：I must buy a present for my m other.我要给我妈妈买件礼物/ Here's a present for you.送给你一件礼物press [pres] v.压；按：You must press this button to start the radio .你必须按这个按钮才能打开收音机/ She pressed down the 1id .她按下了盖子prettyL5priti] adj.漂亮的，美丽的：She has a pretty d o ll.她有个美丽的洋娃娃 / What a pretty dress!多漂亮的连衣裙啊！ / They have a pretty daughter.他们有个漂亮的女儿 说明】pretty主要表示“ 漂亮”、 “ 俊俏”、 “ 标致”等意，可用于人( 主要是女性和小孩)或事物，语气比beautiful弱，含有“ 可爱”或“ 讨人喜欢” 之意。

prevent[pri5vent] v.阻止，防止：Of course we can't prevent yourgoing.当然我们不能阻止你去/ The rain prevented him (from)co m in g .大雨使他不能来 注意】 在prevent sb (from) doing sth结构中，若是主动语态，其中的介词from可以省略， 但若为被动语态则通常不省略如：Shewas prevented by illness from taking the exam ,她因病未能参加考试price[prais] n.价格，价钱：The price of the house is low .这座房子的售价很低/ Your price is too high.你要价太高/ What's the price of that coat?那件上衣的价钱是多少？【 说明】表示价格的高低用high和 low, 一般不用dear, expensive,cheapopride[praid] n .自豪，骄傲：She looked at her new car with pride.她得意地看着她的新车。

/ Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败print[print] v.印刷，印制，打印：They print the newspaper daily.他们天天印刷报纸 / The book is well printed.这本书印刷精美prizefpraiz] n.奖品： He won the Nobel prize for physics in 1921.1921 年他获得了诺贝尔物理奖/ He got [gained, took] (the) first prize at the speech contest.他在演讲比赛中获得头奖/ Whowill get the prize for drawing?谁将得绘画奖？【 注意】 表示“ 获奖” , 一般用动词win, gain, get, take, receive等；表示某一方面的奖，常用介词forprobably[5prCbEbli] adv.很可能, 大概: Probably he will pass theexam.他很可能会通过考试/ He is probably 4 0 .他很可能有40 岁了problem[5prCblEm] 〃. 问题，难题：Do you know how to deal with this problem?你知道怎样处理这个问题吗？ / Driving is a problem in deep snow.在深雪中开车是个难题。

辨析】 problem和 question： 前者指需要解决的“ 问题” 或“ 难题” ，或指需要计算或证明的数学物理等学科的“ 题目”；后者则指提出来待回答或说明的" 问题" °如：They are trying to solve the problem.他们正设法解决这个问题/ Who can answer this question ? 谁能回答这个问题？produce[prE5dju:s] v.生产，制造；发出: The factory produces ahundred cars a day.这家工厂一天生产100辆汽车/ The sun produces light and heat.太阳发出光和热program[5prEugrAm] n. 程序； 项目； 节目：I'm loading a program into the computer.我正把一个程序装进计算机/ We are listening to a radio program.我们正在收听电台节目 / We've just missed an interesting program.我们刚错过了一个精彩的节目。

说明】programme主要用于英国英语中，而program则主要用于美国英语中 但表示计算机“ 程序”时，人们都倾向于用programoprotect[prE5tekt] v.保护：He was wearing dark glasses to protecthis eyes from the su n .他戴一副墨镜以保护眼睛不受阳光的刺激 / Parents try to protect their children against danger as far aspossible.父母都尽量保护自己的孩子免受危险 说明】protect 一般只用作及物动词，通常在其宾语后用介词from或against,表示“ 保护. . 免遭. . . .proud[praud] adj.自豪的，骄傲的：He was proud to be elected chairman of the Students5 Union.他为当选学生会主席而自豪 / Iam proud of knowing h im .我以认识他为荣 短语】 be proud of 以. . .自豪：We are proud of our great socialist motherland.我们为伟大的社会主义祖国而感到自豪。

province[5prCvins] n.省：Jinan is the capital of Shandong Province .济南是山东省省会public[5pQblik] adj.公共的，公众的：You mustn't do that in a public place.你不应在公共场所做这种事/ Don't spit in public.不要当众吐痰pull[pul| v.拖，拔，拉：He told the children not to pull up the young plants.他告诉孩子们别把幼苗拔起来了/ She pulled the drawer open.她拉出了抽屉pupil[5pju:pl] n.学生：There are twenty pupils in the class.这班上有 20 个学生 / She has thirty pupils in her English class.她的英语班上有30个学生purple[5pE： plJ n .紫色：Blue and purple were her favorite colors.蓝色和紫色是她最喜欢的颜色。

/ adj.紫色的：Today she takes apurple umbrella with h er.今天她带了一把紫色的伞purse[pE:s] n.钱包：I keep my purse in my handbag.我把小钱包放在手提包里push[puFJ v.推， 挤：The man was pushing a small cart.这个人在推一辆小车 / We had to push our way through the crow d.我们必须从人群中挤过去put[put] （ put, put） v.放：He put his hat on his head.他把帽子戴在头上/ Please put the books back on the shelf.请把书放回I书架上 短语】put aw ay把. . . 收起来（ 放好）：Your socks are on thechair. Please put them aw ay.你的袜子在椅子上, 请把它们收好put on （ 戏剧等） 上演；穿，戴：The actor put on a fine performan ee.这位演员演得很精彩。

/ He put on his coat and hat and went o u t.他穿上外套，戴上帽子， 就出去了put sth dow n把（ 某物）放下来：The policeman persuaded him to put the gun dow n.警察劝他把枪放下put u p挂起；举起：Put your hands up if you know the answer.知道答案的请举手中考英语考纲词汇用法详解（ Q）【 音标字体】 若本文件的音标在您的电脑上显示为乱码， 那是由于您的电脑没有安装音标字体的原因，遇此情况请到本站“ 下载中心”下载" 英语音标" 文件 quarrel[5kwCrEI] v.争吵：They are good friends, and they neverquarrel.他们是好朋友，从来不吵架 / Peter and Tom were quartelling about who should go first,彼得和汤姆为了谁先走而争吵 短语】 quarrel with ( 和某人)吵架：They quarrelled with each other for the biggest apple.他们为了那个最大的苹果而彼此争吵起来。

/ He quarrelled with his wife. / He had a quarrel with his wife.他与他妻子吵架了quarter[5kwC:tE] n .四分之一；一刻钟：We've covered a quarterof the distance now.我们已经走了全程的四分之一了/ Pll seeyou in a quarter of an hour. 一刻钟后我来看你question[5kwestFEn] n .问题：Please answer my question.请回答我的问题 / I'd like to ask you a few questions, if you don't min d .我有几个问题要请教您，如果您不介意的话queue[kju:] n .队， 行 歹 U ： Who's that boy at the front of the queue?排在队伍前面的那个男孩子是谁？ / A lot of people wanted to see Harry Potter and there was a long queue outside the cinema.很多人想看《 哈利・ 波特》，电影院外面排起了长队。

quick[kwik] adj.快的， 迅速的: Be quick! The train leaves in 5 minutes!快点！再过5 分钟火车就要开了/ This is a quick train.这是一列快车quickly[5kwikli]如也快地, 迅速地： He did his work very quicklyand then went out.他很快地把工作做完了，然后走了出去/ I quickly ate up all my dinner.我很快把所有饭菜吃完了quiet[5kwaiEt] adj.安静的; 平静的:Be quiet. The baby is asleep.小声点, 这婴儿在睡觉/ The sea was quiet.海上风平浪静quietly[5kwaiEtli] adv.安静地；轻声地：He came into the room very quietly.他悄悄地走进房间来/ Speak quietly, please.请轻声地说quite[kwait] adv.彳 艮 ，十分：We are quite tired.我们相当累了/He is quite interested in it.他对此很感兴趣。

说明】意为“ 十分” 、“ 相当” ，其强调的语气比fairly要强，但 比rather, pretty, very 等要弱。