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1、 Why I, Too, Am Not a Conservative Why I, Too, Am Not a Conservative The Normative Vision of Classical Liberalism James M. Buchanan Distinguished Professor Emeritus, George Mason University and Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Center for Study of Public Choice, George Mason Unive
2、rsity, US Edward Elgar Cheltenham, UK Northampton, MA, USA James M. Buchanan 2005 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical or photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the p
3、rior permission of the publisher. Published by Edward Elgar Publishing Limited Glensanda House Montpellier Parade Cheltenham Glos GL50 1UA UK Edward Elgar Publishing, Inc. 136 West Street Suite 202 Northampton Massachusetts 01060 USA A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Lib
4、rary Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Buchanan, James M. Why I, too am not a conservative : the normative vision of classical liberalism / James M. Buchanan. p. cm. 1. Liberalism. 2. Conservatism. I. Title. JC574.B83 2006 320.51dc222005049719 ISBN 1 84542 314 3 Typeset by Cambrian
5、Typesetters, Camberley, Surrey Printed and bound in Great Britain by MPG Books Ltd, Bodmin, Cornwall 03 Contents Prefacevi Acknowledgmentsvii 1Why I, too, am not a conservative1 2Classical liberalism and the perfectibility of man11 3Normative presuppositions for democracy22 4Beyond law: the institut
6、ionalized ethics of liberal order30 5The equivocal ethics of liberalism40 6The soul of classical liberalism52 7Classical liberalism as an organizing ideal62 8The sense of community in Hayekian moral order72 9The Hayek difference86 10God, the state and the market92 11Madisons angels95 12The emergence
7、 of a classical liberal: a confessional exercise98 Index107 v Preface This book would never have come into being without the encouragement of my personal editor Jo Ann Burgess, who suggested that I put together a selected and internally coherent set of pieces, all of which have been written after th
8、e cutoff date of 1998 for the Liberty Fund Collected Works project (20 volumes, Indianapolis: Liberty Fund 19992001). I have written the intro- ductory and concluding chapters specifically for this book, each of which is designed to place both the essays of this book, and my own position, in the som
9、ewhat broader perspective of political philosophy. Beyond initial encour- agement, however, Jo Ann Burgess has been uniquely helpful in all stages of editorial organization of this book. James M. Buchanan Fairfax, Virginia September 2004 vi Acknowledgments The publishers wish to thank the following,
10、 who have kindly given permission for the use of copyright material. The Independent Institute for article The soul of classical liberalism in The Independent Review: A Journal of Political Economy, 5 (1), 11129. Copyright 2000, The Independent Institute, 100 Swan Way, Oakland, California 94621-1428
11、; www. independent.org; infoindependent.org Liberty Fund, Inc. and The Committee on Social Thought for VHS and audio- cassette Morality and community in the extended market order in The Legacy of Friedrich Hayek, 7, 2000. Cato Institute for chapter Madisons angels in John Samples (ed.), James Madiso
12、n and the Future of Limited Government, Washington, DC: Cato Institute, 2002, pp. 912. The Tampere Club for the chapter Normative presuppositions for democracy in The Future of Democracy: Essays of the Tampere Club (2003), Keuruu, Finland: Kustannas Oy Aamulehti, pp. 4959. Every effort has been made
13、 to trace all the copyright holders but if any have been inadvertently overlooked the publishers will be pleased to make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity. vii 1. Why I, too, am not a conservative INTRODUCTION The title for this book, and for this introductory chapter, refers to on
14、e of F.A. Hayeks most famous and familiar essays Why I am not a conservative, which he appended to his treatise The Constitution of Liberty published in 1960. Hayek felt that it was necessary to stake a claim for identification as a classical liberal and, in so doing, to forestall the co-option of t
15、he term liberal by those who would subvert the time-tested emphasis on individual liberty itself. For Hayek, for whom socialism remained his lifelong bte noir, conser- vative bedfellows were welcome enough, but he saw no reason to crawl under the terminological blanket. More specifically, my title i
16、s stimulated by Timothy Roths Equality, Rights, and the Autonomous Self (2004), to which he adds the subtitle Toward a Conservative Economics. Since, in a very broad sense, the position laid out by Roth, and earlier by Hayek, does not differ essentially from my own, I feel it obligatory to defend classical liberalism, as Hayek did more than four decades ago, as a term that aims to be descriptive of a coherent political philosophy that differs in its basic elements
