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1、Module 4 The way we look重点单词:dress, fit, overcoat, scarf, thick size, cool, dollar, succeed重点短语:Have on, shop assistant, show off, look forward to, on the right, above all, think about, put on, care about, as well, in order to, not.any more, no longer, turn off重点语法:介词的用法单词句型详解:1.Im really looking fo
2、rward to the Shakespeare play.look forward to+名词/代词/动名词,意为“期盼,盼望”。拓展该短评中,to为介词,而不是不定式。类似的用法还有:devote oneself to doing sth.献身于做某事;give ones life to doing sth.献身于做某事;pay attention to doing sth.集中精力做某事;make a contribution to doing sth.为某事做贡献;be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事等。2.Yes, but I need a thick jacket
3、 and some warm gloves and socks.need 意为“需要”,作行为动词。need to do sth.需要做某事。当主语是物的时候,need后加动词-ing形式或to be done的形式,表示和主语构成被动关系。如:Its cold today. You need to wear warm clothes.This bike needs repairing.=This bike needs to be repaired.拓展need还可用作情态动词,常在否定句或疑问句中,后接动词原形。need也可用作名词“需要”。如:Yon deednt worry about
4、me.Theres no need to thank me.3.Its the right size but its a bit bright.a bit表示“一点儿,有些”。拓展 a bit, a little(1都可以用作副词词组,修饰动词、形容词、副词及比较级。如:Im a bit/little tied.Can you turen the radio up a bit/ a little?(2都可以做不定代词,意为“一点、少许”Can you give me a little/bit?(3后面都可接不可数名词,但是a bit只有加了of后才跟名词。如:There is a little
5、 bread on the plate.= There is a bit of bread on the plate.(4这两个词组前面加了not之后意义相反。not a bit相当于not at all, 意为“一点也不”;nota little相当于very,意为“非常”。如:Im not a little hungry.= Im very hungry.Im not a bit hungry. = Im not hungry at all.4.Its the training-not the trainers-that improves your speed or your score.
6、这是一个强调句。强调句的结构为:It is (was+被强调的部分+that (who +其他部分。如:It was on Monday night that all this happened.It was Jane who helped me yesterday.Its the colour that I like most about the jacket.5.Most people dress in a way that shows off their personality.that shows off their personality在句中作定语,修饰名词a way。show o
7、ff炫耀,卖弄,显示。和show相关的短评还有:show up露面,出现;show around参观;show sb. Sth=show sth. to sb.给某人看某物。拓展show也可以作名词,常用短语为on show展览,相当于on display。易错易混词语:1.borrow, lend与keepborrow:“借入”。一般和from连用,常用结构为borrow sth. From sb./somewhere,意为“从某人/某处借某物”。lend: “借出”。一般和to连用,常用结构为lend sb. Sth或lend sth. To sb.,意为“把某物借给某人”。keep: “
8、借”。通常表示“借某物多长时间”,常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。如:I can borrow a book from him.Can you lend me your bike?You can keep the book for two weeks.2.wear, put on, dress, have on与be in+颜色wear:强调穿的状态put on: 强调穿的动作dress: 表示“穿着、打扮”既表示动作,也表示状态have on:表示穿的状态,不用于进行时态be in+颜色:表示穿的状态如:I dont wear glasses.Put on your coat, becaus
9、e it is cold today.She was dressed in red.She always dresses well.He has a blue coat on. = He is wearing a blue coat. = He is in blue3.fit与suit(1 fit动词,意为“合适,符合”。Fit也可作形容词,新发展为“合适的,适宜的”,常用结构为be fit for。如:The coat doesnt fit me.This food is not fit for your visitors.拓展keep fit保持健康,此处fit为形容词,意为“健康的,强壮
10、的”。如:She tries to keep fit by fogging every day.(1suit指颜色、款式、质地上合适,穿起来协调、好看,合乎需要、口味、性格、条件和地位等;而fit侧重指尺寸、大小合适。如:Does the time suit you?Try the new key to see if it fits?4.succeed, success与successful(1succeed动词,意为“成功”。如:The plan has succeeded.常用搭配:succeed in (doing sth.成功做某事;succeed to sth.继承某物。(2succ
11、ess名词,意为“成就,成功”。如:I wish you success with your studies.(3successful形容词,意为“成功的,有成就的”。如:He was successful in finding a good job.5.spend, cost, pay与take.四个词都有“花费”的意思,但用法不同:(1cost通常指“花费金钱”,其主语是物而不是人,其句型为sth. cost (sb. money.。如:The radio cost my mother eight yuan.(2spend指“花费时间、金钱”,主语一般是人。其结构为sb. Spend mo
12、ney/time on sth./ (in doing sth.。如:I spent 20 dollars on the dictionary.(3pay指“花钱,付钱”,主语只能是人,只能用于花钱,不用于花时间、其后跟钱作宾语,常用for搭配。如:You will pay me 100 yuan for this meal.(4take意为“花费”,常用it作形式主语。如:It took me three hours to get home last night.介词介词不可单独使用,常放在名词或其他名词性的词、短语或从句的前面。但介词作定语时,一般需要后置。介词本身有词义,但不能独立构成句
13、子成分,它能和很多词构成固定搭配。1.across, through, over(1 across表示从物体的表面通过。Dont walk across the street. Its too dangerous.(2through表示从空间或者物体内部穿过。Sunlight comes in through the window.(3over表示动作是从空间范围上越过。The Great Wall winds its way from west to east, across the deserts, over the mountains, through the valleys, till
14、 a last it reaches the sea.2.in, on, to表方位。(1 in表示在某地区范围之内。Taiwan is in the south of China.(2on表示在范围之外,但与某地接壤。Hubei is on the north of Hunan.(3to表示在某地范围之外。Japan is to the east of China.3.in, on, at表地点。(1 at一般用于表示较小的地点。at the station, at the school gate(2on表示在物体的表面上。on the wall, on the table(3in表示在较大
15、的地点或一个有限的空间里。in the world, in China4.in, on, at表时间。(1at多用在表示具体的钟点时刻前,也可以用于固定搭配中。at noon, at five oclock(2on主要用在星期几,具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午、晚上或节日前。on the norning of September 1st(3 in表示“时间段”,用在月份、年、季节、世纪、人生的某个时期或泛指一天的上午、下午或晚上前。in the morning/afternoon/ eveningin ones sixtiesin the twenth-first century5.范围不同的between和amongbetween和among这两个词都可表示“在中间,在之中”,都是介词,但在用法上有区别。一般来说,between用于两者之间,among用于三者或者三者以上之间。between也可用于三者或者三者以上之间,不过是把这些事物分别看待,指每两者之间。He sat between Helen and Ann.The village lies among these mountains.6.
