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1、词语的处理,1.词语的省略,他是在我不知道的情况下拿走它的。 他们在讨论他访问香港的事情。 在工作中，大家都必须杜绝浪费现象。 关于利润分配问题，我就说这些。,He took it away without my knowledge. They are discussing about his trip to Hong Kong. We must put an end to waste in our work. On profit distribution, thats all I have got to say.,海峡两岸的中国人民都是骨肉同胞，手足兄弟。 本公司生产的地毯美丽大方，光彩夺目
2、，富丽堂皇。,The Chinese on both sides of the Taiwan Straits are of the same flesh and blood. The carpets made in our company are beautiful and magnificent.,有个年轻人名叫#，家里很穷，缺吃少穿，住的房子又小又破。 There was a young man named #. His family was so poor that they did not have enough food to eat or enough clothes to wea
3、r, and they lived in a small dilapidated house. 结构松散、语句啰嗦、上下文失衡,there was a youong man named #, whose family was very poor. They lived in a small, dilapidated house and never had enough to eat or wear.,2.词语英译多样化,同写作一样，翻译也讲究用词。在同一篇或者同一段文章里反复使用某一个词，难免会使人感到单调乏味。为了提高文字的可读性，译者在准确把握词义的前提下，可以对同一个词采用不同的译法，做
4、到用词多样化；尤其是对语言中最为活跃的动词和名词，可变换使用同义词和近义词，使译文语言丰富多彩。,我最后认识到这件事为何非做不可。 他认识到自己犯了一个错误。 看起来她还没有意识到有危险。 万大爷痛苦地意识到一家人的看法有分歧。 他们意识到上司不赞成。 我意识到我没有把收音机关掉。,I came to realize in the end why it must be done. He recognized that he made a mistake. It seems that she is still not aware of the danger. Grandpa Wan grew p
5、ainfully aware that the family were divided in their attitude. They were conscious that the boss disapproved. It dawned on me t hat I had not turned off the radio.,世界经济的重组加快步伐。 为此，中国将鼓励创新，加快商业化、工业化和国际化的进程。 同时，中国还将努力解决国民经济中的主要问题，加快我国科技事业的发展。,The restructuring of the world economy is speeding up. For
6、this purpose, china will encourage innovation to accelerate the process of commercialization, industrialization and internationalization. China will alsomake great efforts to solve major problems in the national economy, and enhance the development of science and technology of our country.,加快科技成果转化，
7、积极培养各级各类人才。 改善投资环境，积极引进境外资金。,We should accelerate the translation of scientific and technological advances into productive forces, and make vigorous efforts to train people in various fields at different levels of expertise. We should improve the investment environment, and do all we can to attract
8、foreign funds.,3. 词类的转换,要把控制人口、节约资源、保护环境放到我们的议事日程上。 坚持一个中国原则，是实现和平统一的基础和原则。 辛亥革命的目的在于推翻满清王朝。,Population control, the conservation of resources and environmental protection should be put on our agenda. Adherence to the principle of one-China is the basis and prerequisite for peaceful reunification. T
9、he Revolution of 1911 aimed at overthrowing the Qing Dynasty.,4. 词语的选择,在汉译英是，需要在正确理解原文词语的基础上，着手选择译语里最为确切的词语来表达愿意。所谓“确切”就是要使说使用的词语在意义、色彩、搭配等各方面都尽可能地与原文词语相一致。 从语言学角度讲，一个词的具体意义只有在上下文(context)中才能得以体现；离开上下文，就无从判断其意思。 因此，翻译时首先搞清楚词语一是，然后找对应的词语翻译。,品味下面的文字： 他说:“她这个人真有意思。”她说“她这人挺有意思。”于是有人传言：他和她有了意思，要他们赶快意思意思。
10、他发火了，说：“你们这样瞎说是什么意思。”传言者有点不好意思，便解释说：“仅仅是开开玩笑而已，绝没有别的意思。”事后，有人说：“真有意思。”也有人说：“真没意思。”,祖国统一 民间协定 民间接触 民间传说 民间工艺 民间交往 卫生局 卫生纸 卫生队 个人工业卫生,reunification of China nongovernmental agreement nongovernmental contact popular legend folk arts and crafts people-to-people exchange public health bureau toilet paper
11、 medical team personalindustrial hygiene,开门 开车 开灯 开玩笑 开工 开夜车 开会 开刀 开业 开支票,open the door drive a car turn on a light crackplay a joke go into operationproduction work late into the night holdhave a meeting perform an operation start a business write a check,5.汉语的连动词,汉语句子中，常常有两个或者两个以上的动词作谓语。他们之间用关联词语连
12、接，但在意义上都与同一主语形成主谓关系，而且互相之间存在着一定关系。这种两个或者两个以上的动词连用称作“连动词”。,5.1 表示并列意义的连动式动词,我们应该加快科技成果转化，积极培养各级各类人才，全面提高劳动者素质。,We should accelerate the translation of scientific and technological advances into productive forces, make vigorous efforts to train people in various fields at different levels of expertise
13、, and further improve the overall quality of the workforce.,5.2 表示先后次序的连动式动词,马明远站起来，走到门口，把它扔了出去。,Ma Mingyuan rose up, walked to the door and threw it out.,5.3 表示目的的连动式动词,他到美国去攻读企业管理硕士学位了。 小石打开鸟笼，把金丝雀放了。 快把他送到医院急救。,He went to America to further his study for MBA. Xiao Shi opened the cage to set and c
14、anary free. Rush him to hospital for emergency treatment.,5.4 表示方式的连动式动词,他假装诚实，取得了上司对他的信任。 修股带着女儿回到了娘家。 今天上午，总理一行乘飞机离开上海。,He won trust from his boss by pretending to be an honest man. Xiugu returned to her parents home with her daughter. This morning, the Premier and his party left Shanghai by plane
15、.,5.5 表示结果或者伴随的连动式动词,昨天下午旅馆里发生炸弹爆炸，炸死27人。 他引进许多新装置，大大节省了时间和劳动力。 游行队伍唱着歌，呼着口号，浩浩荡荡穿过广场。 她坐在窗口看书。,A bomb exploded in the hotel yesterday afternoon, killing seven people. He introduced a lot of new devices, thus saving much time and labor. Singing and shouting slogans, the paraders marched across the s
16、quare in an endless procession. She sat by the window reading.,陈光躺在草地上，用帽子遮住双眼。 他双手叉腰站在那儿。,Chen Guang lay down on the grass, his hat pulled over his eyes. He stood there with arms akimbo.,Translation:,第二次世界大战期间，中国战场牵制了日本军70%以上的兵力，中国人民做出了巨大的民族牺牲，缓解了欧洲和太平洋战场上日军的压力，为全世界反法西斯战争的最后胜利做出了不可磨灭的贡献。 牵制：pin down 兵力：force 缓解压力：ease the pressure 欧洲和太平洋战场：the European and Pacific war theatires 不可磨灭的：indelible 反法西斯战争：anti-fascist war,第二次世界大战期间，中国战场牵制了日本军70%以上的兵力，中国人民做出了巨大的民族牺牲，缓解了欧洲和太平洋战
