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1、外贸常用英文词汇 (一) 债转股 debt-to-equity swap 港元的联系汇率制 the linkage system between the US dollar and the HK dollar 坏帐、呆帐、死帐 bad account/ dead account/ uncollectible account/bad debt/ bad loan 反倾销措施 anti-dumping measures against 通货紧缩 deflation 通货膨胀 inflation 非配额产品 quota-free products 非生产性投资 investment in non-p
2、roductive projects 风险管理/评估 risk management/ assessment 风险基金 venture capital 风险准备金 loan loss provision/ provisions of risk 搞活国有大中型企业 revitalize large and medium-sized state owned enterprises 规模经济 scale economy/ economies of scale 国合企业（即国有合作社） state-owned cooperatives 国际收支 balance of international pay
3、ments/ balance of payment 国际收支不平衡 disequilibrium of balance of payment 国家补贴 public subsidies 国家现汇结存 state foreign exchange reserves 合理引导消费 guide rational consumption 季节性调价 seasonal price adjustments 既成事实 established/accomplished facts 技工贸结合的科技型企业 scientific and technological enterprises that integra
4、te scientific and technological developmentwith industrial and trade development 劳动密集性企业 labor-intensive enterprises 乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费 unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises/ unauthorized pooling of funds, compulsory donations and random levi
5、es on enterprises 千年问题、千年虫 millennium bug 企业技术改造 technological updating of enterprises 企业亏损补贴 subsidies to cover enterprise losses 实行国民待遇 grant the national treatment to 平等互利、讲求实效、形式多样、共同发展的方针 pursuing practical results, adopting various waysand seeking common development/ the principle of equality,
6、 mutual benefit, efficiency, diversity andmutual development 瓶颈制约 “bottleneck”restrictions 外贸常用英文词汇 (二) 皮包公司 flying-by-night company; bogus company 放松银根 ease monetary policy 流动人口 floating population 企业的自我约束机制 self-regulating mechanism of enterprises 贪图安逸 crave comfort and pleasure 消费膨胀 inflated cons
7、umption 信息化 informationize 无氟冰箱 freon-free refrigerator 无纸交易 paperless transaction 适销对路的产品 readily marketable products 倒爷 profiteer 机构臃肿 overstaffing in (government) organizations 机构重叠 organizational overlapping 利改税 substitution of tax payment for profit delivery 经常性的财政收入 regular revenues 慢性萧条 chron
8、ic depression 双重轨制 two-tier system / double-track system 就业前培训 pre-job training 岗位培训 on-the-job training外贸常用英文词汇 (三) 对外项目承包 foreign project contracting 劳务合作 labor service cooperation 外援方式 modality of foreign aid 自1999年1月1日起实行 come into official enforcement as of January 1, 1999 所有制形式 forms of owners
9、hip 以试点的形式实行外贸权自动登记制度 implement an automatic registration system of foreign trading rights on a trial basis 风险管理/评估 risk management/ assessment 国家鼓励项目 projects listed as encouraged by the state Implementation Rules of the P.R.C. on the Protection of Investments by Compatriots from Taiwan 部长级会议 minis
10、terial meeting 公正合理 equitable and rational 抢得先机 take the preemptive opportunities 减免债务 reduce and cancel debts 工程项目 engineering project 同步增长 increase in the same pace 摆脱亚洲金融危机的影响 shake off the impact of the financial crisis 走上良性发展的轨道 going on the track of sound progress 工业增加值 industrial added value
11、固定资产投资 investment in the fixed assets 建材 building materials 累计实现顺差143.4美元 accumulatively realizing trade surplus 注入新的生机与活力 bring new vigor and vitality into 配件 accessories 备件 spare parts 进口环节税 import linkage tax 营业税 turnover tax 企业所得税 corporate income tax 抵免 offset 省会 provincial capital 直辖市 municipa
12、lity directly under the central government 龙头产品 flagship product 现代企业制度 modern corporate system 实行股份制 enforce stockholding system 控股公司 holding company 自主经营,自负盈亏 responsible for their own management decisions, profits and losses 在巩固公有制主体地位的同时,促进多种所有制经济共同发展 alongside fortifying the status of the publi
13、c ownership as the mainstay, it is also encouraged to witness common development of different systems of ownership 形成统一、开放和竞争有序的市场 establish an unified, open market with orderly competition 国家科技创新体系 State Scientific and Technological Innovation System 帮助人才脱颖而出 help excellent talents find way to dist
14、inction 清理、修订 screen and modify 水利 water conservation 转化经营机制 change the method of operation 中介服务组织 intermediary service organization外贸常用英文词汇 (四) dual purpose exports 军民两用品出口 dual-use goods and technology 军民两用产品和技术 NAFTA North American Free Trade Area 北美自由贸易区 global quota 全球配额 grandfather clause 祖父条款
15、 Animal-derived food 动物源食品 EVSL (Early Voluntary Sectoral Liberalization) 部门提前自愿自由化 TILF (Trade and Investment Liberalization and Facilitation) 贸易和投资自由化和便利化 国际清算 international settlement 商住和公益设施建设 commercial, residential and public utility construction 广开就业门路 increase employment opportunities; create jobs in every possible way; open up more channels of employment 自由浮动汇率 free floatin
