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1、英语定语从句课件趣味 .定义 定语从句，起形容词的作用，在句中常用来修饰名词或代词。被修饰的词称为先行词,引导定语从句的词称为关系词,关系词的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起引导作用;二是在意义上代替先行词,并在从句中充当一个成分。其中关系代词：who,whom,whose,which,that,as；关系副词：when,where,why。 eg.Sheisthegirlwhosingsbestofall. Thepenwhichmyunclegavemeismissing. Helivesinahousewhosewindowsfacesouth. Thefactorywheremyfa
2、therworksisintheeastofthecity. Perhapsthedaywillewhenpeoplewillbeabletobreathecleanairincities. .关系代词 1.先行词是人，作主语，关系代词用who,that eg.Heisaman（）neverleavestodaysworktilltomorrow. Theboy()isstandingthereismycousin. 2.先行词是人，作宾语，关系代词用whom,who,that, eg.Hereistheman()youvebeenexpectingtomeet. Theman()youmet
3、yesterdayisMr.Smith. 3.先行词是物，作主语，关系代词用which,that eg.Thetrain（）hasjustleftisforGuangzhou. Childrenliketoreadbooks()havewonderfulpictures. 4.先行词是物，作宾语，关系代词用which,that,或省略 eg.Thebook()youborrowedyesterdayisreallyinteresting. Thepen()myunclegavemeismissing. 5.先行词是人、物，作定语，关系代词用whose eg.Heistheprofessor()
4、namewasJackson. China,（）populationisthelargestintheworld,isdevelopingveryfast. .关系副词 1.先行词是表示时间的名词，在定从中作时间状语，关系代词用when eg.Icantrememberthedate()hewentabroad. Illneverettheday()Ijoinedthearmy. 2.先行词是表示地点的名词，在定从中作地点状语，关系代词用where;其中注意表示抽象概念的地点名词，如，situation、stage、degree、point等表示方面或程度时，也需用where eg.Thisi
5、sthevillage（）UncleWangoncelived. Theyhavereachedthepoint()theyhavetoseparatewitheachother. Hesgothimselfintoadangeroussituation()heislikelytolosecontrolovertheplane. 3.先行词是reason，在定从中作原因状语，关系代词用why eg.Idontknowthereason()hewaslate. Noneofusknowthereason()Tomwasabsentfromthemeeting. 4.引导定语从句的关系副词也可以用
6、“适当介词+which”来代替。 eg.October1,1949wasthedaywhen（=）thePeoplesRepublicofChinawasfounded. Thisisthefactorywhere（=）weworkedayearago. Idontbelievethereasonwhy(=)hewaslateforschool. .关系代词that&which的区别: 只用that的情况 先行词为all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much等不定代词时。 eg.Thereisnothing()canpreventhimfromdoin
7、git. 先行词被any,only,few,no,very,little等修饰时。 eg.Thisistheverybook()Imlookingfor. 先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。 eg.Thefirstplace()theyvisitedinGuilinwasElephantTrunkHill. Thisisthebestfilm()Ihaveeverseen. 先行词既有人又有物时。 eg.Hetalkedaboutthingsandpersons()theyrememberedintheschool. 先行词被theonly,thevery修饰时。 eg.Mr.Smithis
8、theonlyforeigner()heknows. 句中已有who或which,为了避免重复时。 eg.Whoistheman()isstandingbesideTom? 不能用that的情况： 引导非限制性定语从句； eg.Hehadfailedinthemathsexam,()madehisfatherveryangry. 介词+关系代词。 eg.Thisistheroomin（）myfatherlivedlastyear. .as引导定语从句时的用法(as相当于that&which) as引导限制性定语从句通常用于thesameas,suchas结构中。 eg.Thisisthesam
9、ebook()Ilentyou. Suchmachines()areusedinourworkshoparemadeinChina. as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，位置灵活，用来修饰整个句子。通常用下列句型：asisknowntoall,asissaid,asisreported,asisannounced,asweallknow,asIexpect等。 eg.()Iexpected,hegotthefirstplaceagaininthismid-termexamination. Taiwan,()weallknow,belongstoChina. .限制性定语
10、从句和非限制性定语从句的主要区别: 限制性定语从句:一般紧跟在先行词后面,不用逗号把从句与先行词分隔开来。使先行词的意思十分明确,成为特定的人或物,是句子中不可缺少的成分,少了它句子就会失去意义不能成立,或意思不清楚,不能说明问题。通常译为定语。 非限制性定语从句:通常由逗号与句子其他成分隔开。只是对先行词作进一步的说明,没有它句子仍能成立,意思仍很清楚。通常译为并列的句子。 eg.Iwastheonlypersoninouroffice（）wasinvited.（去掉定语从句，意思就不完整） Tomsfather,（）isoversixty,stillworksharddayandnight
11、.（整个句子可分成两句来翻译） .分隔定语从句 即先行词与关系代词、副词之间被介词短语，同位语，谓语等分隔开来。 此种定语从句，在选择关系词时，要注意找准先行词。 eg.Thereisanexpressioninhiseyes（）Icantunderstand. Iwastheonlypersoninmyoffice()wasinvitedtotheimportantball. IsuggestyouchoosesomeoneIthink()isverykindandfriendly. 选择填空： 1.ItwasApril29,20XXPrinceWilliamandKateMiddleton
12、walkedintothepalacehalloftheweddingceremony. A.thatB.whenC.sinceD.before 2.)Gutteroilisillegallyrecycledcookingoil,containschemicalsthatareharmfultothehumanbodyandcanevencausecancer. A.itB.whichC.whereD.that 3.Betweenthetwopartsoftheconcertisaninterval,theaudiencecanbuyice-cream. A.whenB.whereC.that
13、D.which 4.Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhousesarebuiltclosetoeachother. A.theyB.whereC.whatD.that 5.Whateverisleftovermaybeputintotherefrigerator,itwillkeepfortwoorthreeweeks. A.whenB.whichC.whereD.while 6.Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachof-usesitsomewhatdifferently. A.which
14、B.whatC.themD.those 7.Abankistheplacetheylendyouanumbrellainfairweatherandaskforitbackwhenitbeginstorain. A.whenB.thatC.whereD.there 8.Shehasagiftforcreatinganatmosphereforherstudents-allowsthemtomunicatefreelywitheachother. A.whichB.whereC.whatD.who 9TedcamefortheweekendwearingonlysomeshortsandaT-shirt,-isastupidthingtodoinsuchweather. A.thisB.thatC.whatD.which 10.Sheshowedthe
