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1、摘 要 制动主缸是制动系统的重要组成部分，制动主缸的制动效能、制动稳定性， 直接影响到汽车行驶的安全性。因此，在确定其结构方案时提出几个备选方案， 并通过对其进行比较和分析，确定出了最佳传动系统的设计方案。 本次设计采用液动理论与机械设计理论对制动主缸进行设计，结构采用双 管路液压制动主缸，包括缸体，缸体里设有前后两个主缸，每个主缸中设有油 腔和活塞，以及与贮油箱连通的补偿孔和与活塞配套使用的密封圈。其中后主 缸的油腔里还设有一个与后轮缸连通的油孔和回位弹簧，其特征是在前、后主 缸之间还设有一个增压缸，该增压缸包括增压油腔和增压活塞，增压油腔与前 油腔之间设有回油孔和限压油路，增压油腔里还设有
2、一个与前轮缸连通的油孔 和回位弹簧，前油腔里设有泄压油路。最后，经校核计算，结构满足要求。 关键词：液动理论；制动效能；制动主缸 Abstract II Braking main cylinder is an important part of the cylinder brake system, braking performance and braking stability directly affect the safety of the car; Therefore, in its structure scheme needs to proposed several alternat
3、ives and through comparison and analysis of it, which can determine the optimum transmission system design scheme. This design uses dynamic theory and mechanism design theory of brake main cylinder structure to design, which also uses dual-pipes hydraulic brake main cylinder including the cylinder b
4、lock, it has two main cylinder, every main cylinder has a piston and an oil storage tank, as well as connecting with the compensation and the supporting the use of piston ring. Among the chambers oil cylinder, there is a rear wheel cylinder connected with the oil hole and return spring, its characte
5、ristic is between, each cylinder, there is a pressurized cylinder, the pressurized cylinder is made up of pressurization oil chamber pressurization piston, pressure and oil chamber and former oil chamber between oil and oil pressure, the oil chamber pressurization has a front wheel cylinder connecte
6、d with the oil hole and return spring, before the cavity pressure oil with oil. Finally, after checking computation, the structure satisfy the requirement. Keywords: hydraulic theory, Braking performance, Braking main cylinder 目 录 III 摘 要I AbstractII 第 1 章 绪论 .1 1.1 项目研究的意义1 1.2 国内外发展情况1 第 2 章 刹车泵总体
7、设计 .5 2.1 刹车泵概述5 2.2 刹车泵设计要求5 2.3 刹车泵方案的确定及其工作原理6 2.4 总体方案评价7 第 3 章 制动系的主要参数及其选择 .10 3.1 汽车参数的选择10 3.2 汽车质量的确定10 3.3 汽车最小制动力的确定10 3.4 前后制动器的制动力分配比例11 3.5 各轮缸输入力的确定12 3.5.1 前轮盘式制动器的输入力的确定 .13 3.5.2 后轮鼓式制动器轮缸输入力的计算 .13 第 4 章 制动主缸直径 D 的确定 .16 4.1 对于前轮轮缸直径 d1.16 4.2 后轮轮缸直径的确定16 4.3 制动主缸直径 d0的设计计算.16 第 5
8、 章 前轮轮缸主要结构参数的设计计算 .19 5.1 工作压力 P 19 5.2 流量的确定19 5.3 缸筒的设计20 5.3.1 缸筒内径 .20 5.3.2 缸筒壁厚 .21 5.3.3 缸盖厚度的确定 .22 5.3.4 工作行程的确定 .23 IV 5.3.5 最小导向长度的确定 .23 5.3.6 活塞宽度的确定 .23 5.3.7 缸体长度的确定 .23 5.4 活塞的设计23 5.4.1 结构形式 .24 5.4.2 活塞与活塞杆的连接 .24 5.4.3 活塞材料 .24 5.5 密封圈24 5.6 活塞杆24 5.6.1 活塞杆要在导向套中滑动 .24 5.6.2 活塞杆的
9、计算 .24 5.7 活塞杆的导向套、密封、防尘25 5.7.1 导向套长度的确定 .25 5.7.2 加工要求 .25 5.8 油口25 5.9 密封件、防尘圈的选用26 第 6 章 后轮轮缸的设计计算 .28 6.1 后轮工作压力 P.28 6.2 缸筒的设计28 6.2.1 缸筒壁厚 .28 6.2.2 缸筒壁厚验算 .28 6.2.3 缸体底部厚度 .28 6.2.4 缸体头部法兰厚度 .29 6.2.5 液压缸工作行程的确定 .29 6.2.6 最下导向长度 .29 6.2.7 缸体长度的确定 .29 6.3 活塞的设计29 6.4 活塞杆的设计30 6.5 活塞杆的导向套、密封、防
10、尘30 6.6 油口30 第 7 章 制动主缸的设计计算 .33 7.1 主缸主要供油量的计算33 V 7.2 第一段长度的确定33 7.3 缸筒的结构参数的确定33 7.3.1 缸筒壁厚的确定 .33 7.3.2 缸筒连接方式 .34 7.4 第一缸活塞直径的确定34 7.5 第二缸的设计35 7.6 导向套、密封35 7.7 油口的选择35 7.8 选取弹簧36 第 8 章 制动踏板力的校核 .36 第 9 章 管道尺寸 .37 结论 .38 致谢 .39 参考文献 .40 Catalogue VI AbstractII Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 The s
11、ignificance of research projects.1 1.2 Domestic development situation1 Chapter 2 Brake pump design.5 2.1 The brake pump .5 2.2 The brake pump design requirements5 2.3 The brake pump design and work principle.6 2.3 Overall scheme evaluation.7 Chapter 3 Of the main parameters of braking and choice.9 3
12、.1 Auto parameter selection .9 3.2 The quality of the car.9 3.3 Minimum force of car9 3.4 The brake system and dynamic allocation proportion.10 3.5 All round the input VAT11 3.5.1 Front disc brake force of the input 12 3.5.2 The rear wheel cylinder drum brake force of the input.12 Chapter 4 Braking
13、main cylinder diameters D15 4.1 For front wheel cylinder diameters D15 4.2 The rear wheel cylinder diameters.15 4.3 Braking main cylinder diameters d design calculation15 Chapter 5 Front wheel cylinder structure parameter design calculation .18 5.1 Work stress P .18 5.2 The flow.18 5.3 Cylinder desi
14、gn19 5.3.1 Diameter cylinder.20 5.3.2 Inner cylinder.20 5.3.3 The thickness of the cylinder .21 5.3.4 The work schedule .22 5.3.5 The minimum length guide22 5.3.6 The width of the pistons.22 VII 5.3.7 The length of cylinder22 5.4 The piston design.23 5.4.1 Structure.23 5.4.2 The piston and piston ro
15、d connections.23 5.4.3 The piston material.23 5.5 Sealing ring23 5.6 The piston rod23 5.6.1 The piston rod to guide in sliding23 5.6.2 The piston rod24 5.7 The piston rod guide, sealing, dustproof24 5.7.1 The length of orientation24 5.7.2 Processing requirements.24 5.8 Oil mouth.25 5.9 Seals, dustpr
16、oof circle25 Chapter 6 Rear wheel cylinder design calculation 27 6.1 The rear pressure P.27 6.2 Cylinder design27 6.2.1 Inner cylinder.27 6.2.2 Inner cylinder thick27 6.2.3 Block bottom thickness27 6.2.4 Cylinder head flange thickness 28 6.2.5 Hydraulic cylinder work schedule .28 6.2.6 The minimum length guide28 6.2.7 The length of cylinder28 6.3 The piston design.28 6.4 Piston design29 6.5 The piston rod guide, sealing, dustproof29 6.6 Oil mouth.29 Chapter 7 Of the main cylinder brake design c
