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1、 八年级英语下册短语知识点集MODULE1五种简单句歌决英语简单句,五种结构型,缩简句子后,结构自分明,表主语状态,即为主系表,主谓关与主谓宾,二者需分清,动作对象人和物,则是间宾加直宾,二宾位置可互换,介词to,for记心间,句子已有主谓宾,宾语再补方完整,宾语加上补足语,二者构成复合宾。1、 主语+不及物动词(SV)不及物动词,不能带宾语,但有些要接状语意义才完整。2、主语+系动词+表语(SVP)系动词:be ,look, seem ,become, feel , get ,turn ,grow, smell ,taste , keep, sound 3、主语及物动词宾语(SVO)4、主语
2、+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(SVOO)直接宾语在前,加for或to连接间接宾语。give, show , send, bring , pass, lend ,leave ,hand , feel, return, promise ,refuse, throw 用to.make ,buy ,do ,get ,play ,order, sing, pay用for .5、主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(SVOC)6、there be 句型。tidy up 收拾, fan扇,fan oneself ,给某人自己扇风,fan the flame煽动情绪, a movie fan , 影迷, un反
3、义前缀,tidy-untidy, happy-unhappy,comfortable-uncomfortable at least至少, 祈使句,肯定以动词原形开头,反问用will you ?/wont you?, 否定用Dont +动词原形,反问用will you ?,Lets 用shall we?take up占据,代词放中间 take away拿走 ,take sth. back,收回某物 take .to 把带到.take off脱 下,起飞 take place发生 ,take a rest 休息一下, a bit ,a little ,作状语形/副时可互换a bit of =a l
4、ittle,有点儿,修饰不可数名词 on time按时 , in time及时 , from time to time有时 ,a long time很长时间 , for the first time首次,have a good time ,玩得高兴be/get /become interested in 主语是人,某人对某事产生兴趣指人的不定代词: somebody/someone, everybody /everyone , anybody/anyone, nobody/no one 指物的不定代词,anything, something, everything, nothing play
5、the violin ; ,play +the+乐器, play+球,世上独一无二的加the前面出现过词的再次出现时用themake+宾语+宾语补足语(使.处于某种状态,地位)make sb. do sth.使某人做某事,make sb/sth + 形 使某人/某物 后接动词不定式作宾语,不要to 的有,一感feel,二听hear, listen to,三让have, let, make,四看see, look at ,watch ,notice,半帮助help,make sb. sth=make sth for sb.为某人做某事, make money赚钱,make a living谋 生
6、, make trouble引起麻烦, make friends with sb.与某人交朋友, make war 开战, make a fire生火, make a face做鬼脸,make .from用.制成(用被动) be made of用.制成(用被动) make fun of 取笑,与开玩笑, make room for 为让地方, make up 编造, make up ones mind 决心,拿定主意,现在完成时:表过去发生或已经完成的某一动作,对现在造成的影响和结果,或持续到现在的动作。常用词语already, yet ,ever ,never, just ,before,
7、for + some time ,since,at the end of 在尽头,在末尾,(时间,位置) by the end of =not later thanby the end of 到末为止,+过去时间,用于过去完成时by the end of+现在时间,用于现在完成时,in the end =at last =finally,最后end(动词) up with以结束, come to an end 告终,结束 , begin with以开头 , sth happen to sb某事发生在某人身上 happen to do sth.碰巧发生某事 take place发生,预料中发生的
8、事, happen是偶然发生的, be famous for因.而出名,(外界客观)be famous as作为.而出名,(本身身份) be good for 对有益 be good at擅长, a collection of.的收藏 ,have/ take an interest in 对某事感兴趣, give an interview,会面,做访谈as a result结果, as a result of 由于,因为,also 也,肯定句中,too也,肯定/疑问句,句末,(逗号),either也,否定,句末,逗号, as well也,肯定,句末, be sure确信,相信, in life
9、一生中, all ones life一生,终身 buy sb .sth=buy sth for sb think about考虑,思考,想起, think of想起 think over思考look after=take care of =care for,照顾 look over, 检查,查看, look for寻找, look up 查找/向上看, be popular with,受的欢迎 when , while, as的用法:when可引用可延续性和非延续性,主从句的动词是非延续性,只用when while引用可延续性,主从句的动词是可延续性,只用whileas常 用于同时发生的be
10、useful to/for 对.有用, be useful in (for )doing sth,有助于useful 反义词useless ,比较级前加more ,最高级前加most ,develop ,名词development ,developing 发展中.developed 发达的,success名词 ,succeed动词, successful形容词 ,successfully副词, failure失败someothers没有范围的“一些另一些”,但不是全体,somethe others某一范围的 “一些.其他”的,表全体,one .another不定数目中的“一个另一个”one .
11、the other两者中的“一个另一个”spend: sb. spend (s) some money on sth. sb. spend(s) some time on sth.sb. spend(s) some money (in) buying sth.sb. spend(s) some time (in) doing sth.pay: sb. pay(s) some money for sth.cost: sth cost sb. some moneytake : It takes sb. some time to do sthIt takes sb .some money to bu
12、y sth .Its +adj.+ for sb. +to do sth .外界原因,Its +adj. +of sb. +to do sth .人的品质,remember/forget to do sth.想起/忘记要做某事,remember/forget doing sth.想起/忘记做过某事。 in the way 以这种方式, long ago很久以前,start ,begin当用于进行时,后用to +V原,主语是物时,后用+to V原,such as 像,例如, for example 句首,句中,用逗号隔开,缩写e.g, as well as连接两相同的内容 , come out
13、出版 ,开放,出现,probably句中,不用于句未,不用于句首, maybe可能性很小,口语, 句首perhaps或许 句首,句中what do you think of =how do you likeshow sb .sth =show sth to sb. try to do sth 努力做某事, try doing sth.尝试做某事try/do ones best (to do sth) 尽某人的最大努力(做某事), try out试验 , try on 试穿 a piece of music一首乐曲,动词后只跟 V-ing 的有:finish ,practice ,mind ,f
14、eel like ,miss ,keep, pardon, excuse ,suggest consider, give up ,cant help, 主语是人need to do sth 需要做某事,, 主语是物need doing需要被做某事,dress sb给某人穿衣 , dress oneself 自己穿衣be/get dressed in=dress in +衣服或颜色 , find out查明,就近原则: not onlybut also ,不仅.而且 eitheror .不是就是,或者.或者neithernor 既不也不,there be 动词以最近的主语为标准 MODULE 2 宾语从句是在动词、介词、动词不定式等后的从句。引导词展示关:1. 宾语从句是陈述句时,常用that引导,that可以省略;2. 特殊疑问句改为宾语从句时,由原来的连接代词、副词引导;3. 一般疑问句改成的,用连词if或whether引导,两者都有是否的意思,通常可以替换。不能省略。语序应用陈述语序:主语在前,谓语动词在后,(带有宾语从句的复合句的标点符号,取决于主句的句式,与从句无关。主是陈述句,用句号,主是疑问句,用问号)时态照应:1.主句是祈使句或主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或将来时,从句不受影响,根据从句自身的情况选