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1、,Range范围,Advantages效益,Specifics细节,Heat-resistant bottles 热灌装瓶,Description描述,Specifics,Basic principle 基本原理 Hot-filling 热灌装 Pasteurization 巴氏杀菌 Purpose of heat-setting 加热设定的目的 Water uptake concept 吸水概念,Basic principle 基本原理,Blow-molding of PET bottles to withstand high temperatures with no deformation
2、所吹制的PET瓶必须能承受高温而不变形 standard bottles are deformed under the effect of heat from 60 C upwards 标准的瓶子加热至60 C 以上开始变形 adaptation of heat conditioning and blow-molding processes enables bottles to withstand temperatures of up to 88C 适当的加热条件和吹瓶工艺能使瓶子承受88C的温度 Application to the packaging of sensitive drinks
3、 such as isotonics, fruit juices, teas etc. 应用作敏感饮料包装例如 等压、果汁、茶等 Hotfilling 热灌装 Pasteurization 巴氏杀菌,Hotfilling 热灌装,Operating method操作方法 The liquid is raised to a temperature enabling it to be sterilized 液体温度提升至能灭菌的温度 The bottle is filled at this temperature (up to 88C) 瓶子在这温度下(高至 88C)灌装 Sterlization
4、 of the cap is obtained by contact with the hot liquid 瓶盖与热的液体接触进行灭菌 Gradual cooling 分段冷却 Specific stress factors 特殊的应力因素 Inflation then collapsing 膨胀后扁平 Local deformation 局部变形 Contraction 收缩,Inflation then collapsing膨胀后扁平,Rise in temperature of the material combined with mechanical stress 含有机械应力的材料
5、温度升高 material is softened, easily deformed 材料变软，容易变形 Hydrostatic pressure exerted by the liquid on the walls: bottle inflation 液体在瓶壁上产生向外的静压：瓶膨胀 Expansion of the air in the head area: increased inflation 顶部空气膨胀：增加膨胀 Effect of internal vacuum pressure resulting from the cooling of the liquid and the
6、air in the head area: phenomenon known as “collapsing” 由液体和瓶颈空气冷却而产生真空压力：已知现象如 “扁平”,Local deformation局部变形,Stress exerted locally during packaging 在包装过程中外界压力局部地作用 Mechanical stress exerted by the cap: risk of deformation 封盖的机械应力：变形的风险 Conveying of the filled bottles while still hot: deformation on co
7、ntact with the transport and guiding equipment 已灌装的瓶输送静止受热：与输送链条接触和导向处变形 Contact of the unstretched neck with the hot liquid: the material becomes plastic, deformation is possible 未拉伸的瓶颈与热的液体接触：材料成为塑料态，有可能变形,Contraction 收缩,Deformation resulting from the intrinsic properties of the material 材料的固有特性导致
8、变形,Release under the effect of heat of the stress factors caused by stretching and which remain in the material after blow-molding 拉伸和吹塑后残留在材料里的应力在热量的作用下被释放 Deformation of the material which naturally tends towards a state in which the level of stress is lowest 材料的变形自然趋向于低应力水平的状态 “Memory” effect “记忆
9、”效应,Pasteurization 巴氏杀菌,Principle 原理 Filling at temperatures close to ambient 灌注温度接近于周围环境 Pasteurization tunnel. Feethrough of the bottle filled and capped under hot showers. A temperature of 75C is maintained in the core of the liquid for 10 min (25 min at 65C for carbonated drinks) 已灌注和封盖的瓶子通过有热喷淋
10、的隧道进行巴氏杀菌，液体中心温度维持在75C 、10分钟 ( 汽水为65C、25分钟) Cooling under showers at between 20 and 40 C 喷淋冷却至20 40 C之间 Specific stress factors 特殊的应力因素 Inflation膨胀 Contraction收缩,Inflation 膨胀,Rise in temperature of the material combined with mechanical stress 含有机械应力的材料温度升高 expansion of the air in the head area: infl
11、ation of the bottle 顶部区域空气膨胀：瓶子膨胀 Release of CO2 by carbonated drinks: increased inflation 碳酸饮料CO2 释放：增加膨胀 Internal pressure persists after cooling, despite the decrease in volume of the liquid. 冷却后内部压力持续，尽管液体体积减少,Contraction收缩,Deformation resulting from the intrinsic properties of the material材料的固有
12、特性导致变形,Release under the effect of heat of the stress factors caused by stretching and which remain in the material after blow-molding 拉伸和吹塑后残留在材料里的应力在热量的作用下被释放 Deformation of the material which naturally tends towards a state in which the level of stress is lowest 材料的变形自然趋向于低应力水平的状态 “Memory” effect
13、 “记忆”效应,Purpose of heat-setting加热设定的目的,Improvement in heat resistance 改进耐热性 Increase in crystallinity增加结晶度,Prevention of contraction防止收缩 Limited generation of induced stress (process and preform design) 限制诱导应力的产生(生产和瓶坯设计) Relaxation of residual induced stress (molds) 残留的诱导应力松弛(模具),Increase in crysta
14、llinity 增加结晶度,Offset of the glass transition temperature 抵消玻璃化转变温度 Glass transition temperature raised to a level higher than the temperatures to which the bottle will be subjected 玻璃化温度升高至较高程度会影响瓶子 Enhanced development of spherulitic crystallization 球状结晶的发展增多,Operating range,Operating range,Glass t
15、ransition temp. 玻璃化温度,Glass transition temp. 玻璃化温度,Development of spherulitic crystallinity 球状结晶的发展,Enhanced heat-conditioning of the preform in the oven and hot mold 增大加热炉和模具内瓶坯的加热温度 High degree of crystallinity 提高结晶度 Preform undergoes powerful heat-conditioning before being quickly transferred for
16、 blow-molding. 瓶坯进入吹模之前充分受热 Enhances the generation of spherulitic crystallization in the bottle on contact with the hot mold after the start of crystallization caused by bi-orientation. 当由拉伸引起的结晶开始后瓶与热模接触所产生的球状结晶增加 30 to 35 % compared with a maximum of 25 % for standard bottles 与最大结晶度为25%的标准瓶相比热灌装瓶结晶度为3035% Reduction in the amorphous phase which is more sensitive to heat 调节热量减少无定型状态,Limited induced stress 限制诱导应力,Slo
