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1、本科毕业设计（论文）How Air Conditioners Work and energy conservation technology research空调工作过程和节能技术的研究专业名称： 建筑环境与设备工程年级班级： 建环11-1班学生姓名：指导教师： 河南理工大学土木工程学院 二零一五年六月十日河南理工大学本科学位论文 外文原文How Air Conditioners Work and energy conservation technology researchAbstract: An air conditioner is basically a refrigerator wit
2、hout the insulated box. It uses the evaporation of a refrigerant, like Freon, to provide cooling. The mechanics of the Freon evaporation cycle are the same in a refrigerator as in an air conditioner.Keywords: water towers 、weather-resistant、 compressor、energy conservation河南理工大学本科学位论文 外文原文How Air Con
3、ditioners Work and energy conservation technology research When the temperature outside begins to climb, many people seek the cool comfort of indoor air conditioning. Like water towers and power lines, air conditioners are one of those things that we see every day but seldom pay much attention to. W
4、ouldnt it be nice to know how these indispensable machines work their magic? In this article, we will examine air conditioners - from small to huge - so you know more about what youre seeing!The Many Faces of CoolAir conditioners come in various sizes, cooling capacities and prices. One type that we
5、 see all the time is the window air conditioner.Window air conditioners are an easy and economical way to cool a small area. Most people who live in suburban areas usually have one of these in their backyard:If you live in an apartment complex, this is probably a familiar sight: Most businesses and
6、office buildings have condensing units on their roofs, and as you fly into any airport you notice that warehouses and malls may have 10 or 20 condensing units hidden on their roofs:And then if you go around back at many hospitals, universities and office complexes, you find large cooling towers that
7、 are connected to the air conditioning system:Even though each of these machines has a pretty distinct look, they all work on the same principles. Lets take a closer look.The Basic IdeaAn air conditioner is basically a refrigerator without the insulated box. It uses the evaporation of a refrigerant,
8、 like Freon, to provide cooling. The mechanics of the Freon evaporation cycle are the same in a refrigerator as in an air conditioner. According to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary Online, the term Freon is generically used for any of various conditioner. According to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary On
9、line, the term Freon is generically used for any of various nonflammable fluorocarbons used as refrigerants and as propellants for aerosols.This is how the evaporation cycle in an air conditioner works (See How Refrigerators Work for complete details on this cycle):1.The compressor compresses cool F
10、reon gas, causing it to become hot, high-pressure Freon gas (red in the diagram above).2.This hot gas runs through a set of coils so it can dissipate its heat, and it condenses into a liquid.3.The Freon liquid runs through an expansion valve, and in the process it evaporates to become cold, low-pres
11、sure Freon gas (light blue in the diagram above).4.This cold gas runs through a set of coils that allow the gas to absorb heat and cool down the air inside the building.Mixed in with the Freon is a small amount of a light weight oil. This oil lubricates the compressor.Window UnitsA window air condit
12、ioner unit implements a complete air conditioner in a small space. The units are made small enough to fit into a standard window frame. You close the window down on the unit, plug the unit in and turn it on to get cool air. If you take the cover off of an unplugged window unit, you will find that it
13、 contains:A compressorAn expansion valveA hot coil (on the outside)A chilled coil (on the inside)A control unitThe fans blow air over the coils to improve their ability to dissipate heat (to the outside air) and cold (to the room being cooled).BTU and EERMost air conditioners have their capacity rat
14、ed in British thermal units (BTU). Generally speaking, a BTU is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one pound (0.45 kg) of water 1 degree Fahrenheit (0.56 degrees Celsius). Specifically, 1 BTU equals 1,055 joules. In heating and cooling terms, 1 ton equals 12,000 BTU.A typical wi
15、ndow air conditioner might be rated at 10,000 BTU. For comparison, a typical 2,000-square-foot (185.8 m2) house might have a 5-ton (60,000-BTU) air conditioning system, implying that you might need perhaps 30 BTU per square foot. (Keep in mind that these are rough estimates. To size an air conditioner for your specific needs, contact an HVAC contractor.)The energy efficiency rating (EER) of an air conditioner is its BTU rating over its wattage. For example, if a 10,000-BTU air conditioner consumes 1,200 watts, its E
