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1、2011年职称英语理工类教材A级新增文章:阅读理解第四十五篇Some People Do Not Taste Salt Like OthersLowsalt foods may be harder for some people to like than others，according to a study by a Penn State College of Agricultural Sciencesl food scientistThe research indicates that genetic factors influence some of the difference in
2、the levels of salt we like to eatThose conclusions are important because recent，wellpublicized efforts to reduce the salt content in food2 have left many people struggling to accept fare that simply does not taste as good to them as it does to others3，pointed out John Hayes，assistant professor of fo
3、od science，who was lead investigator4 0n the studyDiets high in salt Can increase the risk of high blood pressure and strokeThat is why public health experts and food companies are working together on ways to help consumers lower salt intake through foods that are enjoyable to eatThis study increase
4、s understanding of salt preference and consumptionThe research involved 87 carefully screened participants who sampled salty foods such as soup and chips，on multiple occasions，spread out over weeks5Test subjects were 45：men and 42 women, reportedly healthy，ranging in age from 20 t0 40 yearsThe sampl
5、e was composed of individuals who were not actively modifying their dietary intake and did not smoke cigarettesThey rated the intensity of taste on a commonly used scientific scale，ranging from barely detectable to strongest sensation of any kind“Most of us like the taste of saltHowever，some individ
6、uals eat more salt，both because they like the taste of saltiness more，and also because it is needed to block other unpleasant tastes in food,” said Hayes. “Supertasters, people who experience tastes more intensely, consume more salt than nontasters do. Snack foods have saltiness as their primary fla
7、vor, and at least for these foods, more is better, so the supertasters seem to like them more.”However, supertasters also need higher levels of salt to block unpleasant bitter tastes in foods such as cheese，Hayes noted“For example，cheese is a wonderful blend of dairy flavors from fermented milk，but
8、also bitter tastes from ripening that are blocked by salt，” he said“A supertaster finds low-salt cheese unpleasant because the bitterness is too pronounced6”Hayes cited research done more than 75 years ago by a chemist named Fox and a geneticist named Blakeslee，showing that individuals differ in the
9、ir ability to taste certain chemicalsAs a result，Hayes explained，we know that a wide range in taste acuity exists，and this variation is as normal as variations in eye and hair color“Some people，called supertasters，describe bitter compounds as being extremely bitter，while others，called nontasters，fin
10、d these same bitter compounds to be tasteless or only weakly bitter”he said“Response to bitter compounds is one of many ways to identify biological differences in food preference because supertastin7 is not limited to bitterness(476)词汇：Publicize v引起公众对的注意；(用广告)宣传Dietary adj饮食的；规定食物的Ferment v(使)发酵转载自
11、.安通学校Geneticist n遗传学家Acuity n敏锐；尖锐注释：1Penn State College of Agricultural Sciences：即Penn State University-College of Agricultural Sciences宾州州立大学农学院。Penn是Pennsylvania的缩写，是美国宾夕法尼亚州名。宾州州立大学建于1855年：在全国共有24个分校。在句中，Penn State College of Agricultural Sciences用作定语，修饰food scientist。2Well-publicized efforts to
12、 reduce the salt content in food：大力宣传减少食物含盐量的做法31eft many people struggling to accept fare that simply does not taste as good to them as it does to others：使得许多人努力去接受适合其他人而不适合他们口味的食物。fare相当于food。41ead investigator：研发项目负责人5carefully screened participants who sampled salty foods as soup and chipson mul
13、tiple occasion，spread out over weeks：经过仔细筛选的实验参与者，他们在几周内的不同时间里品尝了汤和薯条等含盐食物。6too pronounced：此处pronounced为形容词，意为very noticeable，conspicuous(明显的，显著的)。7supertasting：超重味感练习：1In paragraph 2，John Hayes points out thatAit is good to health to eat food without saltBmany people reject lowsalt food completelyC
14、many people accept lowsalt tasteless food reluctantlyDfood with reduced salt tastes better2The fourth paragraph describes brieflyAhow to select subjects and what to do in the researchBhow to identify supertasters and nontastersCwhy to limit the number of subjects to 87 personsDwhy to select more mal
15、e subjects than female ones3. The article argues that supertastersA1ike the；taste of saltiness to block sweet tastes in foodB1ike snack foods as saltiness is their primary flavorCconsume less salt because they don t like intensive tastesD1ike to share salty cheese with nontasters4. Which of the following applies to supertasters in terms of bitter taste?AThey like bitterness in foods as well as saltinessBThey like highsalt cheese as it has intense bitter tasteCThey prefer highsalt cheesewhich tastes less bitterD. They prefer high-salt cheese
