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1、罗斯福著名英语演讲稿之四大自由 演讲者简介：富兰克林德拉诺罗斯福(英语：FranklinDelanoRoosevelt，1882年1月30日-1945年4月12日，美国人通常以其姓名缩写FDR称之)，第32任美国总统，是20世纪美国二三十年代经济危机和第二次世界大战的中心人物之一。从1933年至1945年间，连续出任四届美国总统，且是唯一连任超过两届的美国总统。 在一九四一年一月六日致国会的咨文中，富兰克林.罗斯福总统要求国会根据租借法案，把必要的武器装备提供给那些总统认为其防御对美国利益至关重要的国家。由于战争逼近，他宣布了四项人类的基本自由这项宣布，被认为是关于美国人民准备为之奋斗的原则的
2、最简要声明。被罗斯福称为四大自由的分别是：表达意见的自由，崇拜的自由，不虞匮乏的自由，免除恐惧的自由。 Mr.President,Mr.Speaker,membersofthe77thCongress: Iaddressyou,themembersofthisnewCongress,atamomentunprecedentedinthehistoryoftheunion.Iusetheword“unprecedented”becauseatnoprevioustimehasAmericansecuritybeenasseriouslythreatenedfromwithoutasitistod
3、ay. SincethepermanentformationofouernmentundertheConstitutionin1789,mostoftheperiodsofcrisisinourhistoryhaverelatedtoourdomesticaffairs.And,fortunately,onlyoneofthese-thefour-yearwarbetweentheStates-everthreatenedournationalunity.Today,thankGod,130,000,000Americansin48Stateshaveottenpointsofthepassi
4、nournationalunity. Itistruethatpriorto1914theUnitedStatesoftenhasbeendisturbedbyeventsinothercontinents.WehaveevenengagedintwowarswithEuropeannationsandinanumberofundeclaredwarsintheWestIndies,intheMediterraneanandinthePacific,forthemaintenanceofAmericanrightsandfortheprinciplesofpeacefulmerce.Butin
5、nocasehadaseriousthreatbeenraisedagainstournationalsafetyorourcontinuedindependence. WhatIseektoconveyisthehistorictruththattheUnitedStatesasanationhasatalltimesmaintainedopposition-clear,definiteopposition-toanyattempttolockusinbehindanancientChinesewallwhiletheprocessionofcivilizationwentpast.Toda
6、y,thinkingofourchildrenandoftheirchildren,weopposeenforcedisolationforourselvesorforanyotherpartoftheAmericas. Thatdeterminationofours,extendieralltheseyears,wasproved,forexample,intheearlydaysduringthequartercenturyofwarsfollowingtheFrenchRevolution.WhiletheNapoleonicstrugglesdidthreateninterestsof
7、theUnitedStatesbecauseoftheFrenchfootholdintheWestIndiesandinLouisiana,andwhileweengagedintheWarof1812tovindicateourrighttopeacefultrade,itisneverthelessclearthatneitherFrancenorGreatBritainnoranyothernationwasaimingatdominationofthewholeworld. Andinlikefashion,from1815to1914-niy-nineyears-nosinglew
8、arinEuropeorinAsiaconstitutedarealthreatagainstourfutureoragainstthefutureofanyotherAmericannation. ExceptintheMaximilianinterludeinMexico,noforeignpowersoughttoestablishitselfinthishemisphere.AndthestrengthoftheBritishfleetintheAtlantichasbeenafriendlystrength;itisstillafriendlystrength. Evenwhenth
9、eWorldWarbrokeoutin1914,itseemedtocontainonlysmallthreatofdangertoourownAmericanfuture.Butastimewenton,asweremember,theAmericanpeoplebegantovisualizewhatthedownfallofdemocratiationsmightmeantoourowndemocracy. WeneednotoveremphasizeimperfectionsinthepeaceofVersailles.Weneednotharponfailureofthedemocr
10、aciestodealwithproblemsofworldreconstruction.Weshouldrememberthatthepeaceof1919wasfarlessunjustthanthekindofpacificationwhichbeganevenbeforeMunich,andwhichisbeingcarriedonundertheneworderoftyrannythatseekstospreadovereverycontinenttoday.TheAmericanpeoplehaveunalterablysettheirfacesagainstthattyranny
11、. Isupposethateveryrealistknowsthatthedemocraticwayoflifeisatthismomentbeingdirectlyassailedineverypartoftheworld-assailedeitherbyarmsorbysecretspreadingofpoisonouspropagandabythosewhoseektodestroyunityandpromotediscordinnationsthatarestillatpeace.During16longmonthsthisassaulthasblottedoutthewholepa
12、tternofdemocraticlifeinanappallingnumberofindependentnations,greatandsmall.Andtheassailantsarestillonthemarch,threateningothernations,greatandsmall. Therefore,asyourPresident,performingmyconstitutionaldutytogivetotheCongressinformationofthestateoftheunion,Ifinditunhappilynecessarytoreportthatthefutu
13、reandthesafetyofourcountryandofourdemocracyareoverwhelminglyinvolvedineventsfarbeyondourborders. Armeddefenseofdemocraticexistenceisnowbeinggallantlywagedinfourcontinents.Ifthatdefensefails,allthepopulationandalltheresourcesofEuropeandAsia,andAfricaandAustral-Asiawillbedominatedbyconquerors.Andletus
14、rememberthatthetotalofthosepopulationsinthosefourcontinents,thetotalofthosepopulationsandtheirresourcesgreatlyexceedthesumtotalofthepopulationandtheresourcesofthewholeoftheWesternHemisphere-yes,manytimesover. Intimesliketheseitisimmature-and,incidentally,untrue-foranybodytobragthatanunpreparedAmeric
15、a,single-handedandwithonehandtiedbehinditsback,canholdoffthewholeworld. NorealisticAmericancanexpectfromadictatorspeaceinternationalgenerosity,orreturnoftrueindependence,orworlddisarmament,orfreedomofexpression,orfreedomofreligion-orevengoodbusiness.Suchapeacewouldbringnosecurityforusorforourneighbo
16、rs.Thosewhowouldgiveupessentiallibertytopurchasealittletemporarysafetydeserveneitherlibertynorsafety. Asanationwemaytakeprideinthefactthatwearesoft-hearted;butwecannotaffordtobesoft-headed.Wemustalwaysbewaryofthosewhowithsoundingbrassandatinklingcymbalpreachtheismofappeasement.WemustespeciallybewareofthatsmallgroupofselfishmenwhowouldclipthewingsoftheA
