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1、Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars第8课时第18周周一知识目标:学习主语从句.教学重难点： 学习主语从句的语法规则并加以运用。教学任务： 主语从句定义：主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句, 通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。（一） 引导主语从句的连接词有三类：( 1 )连词that 如： That my parents always treat me as a little child makes me unhappy. 我的父母亲总是像对待小孩子那样对我让我很不开心。连词whether。如： Whether my
2、 parents will be happy at this exam result is still unknown. 我的父母是否会满意我的考试结果还不清楚。( 2 )连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever等 如：What our parents like is our good study result. 父母亲喜欢的是我们学习成绩好。 Whoever loves their children will be loved by their children.爱孩子的父母会被孩子爱。 ( 3 )连接副词
3、 where, when, how, why。如：How we treat our children is worth thinking. 我们怎样对待孩子值得思考。what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 what 引导主语从句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语、宾语、表语，且有实际意义；而that 引导主语从句只起连接作用，没有实际意义，也不充当句子成分。 1) What you said to your mother yesterday made her very happy. 你昨天对你妈妈说的话让她很高兴。 2) That her son passed the exam made h
4、er very happy. 她儿子通过了考试让她很开心。 1. _ you dont like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether2. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _ our astronauts desire to do is to walk in space A. where B. what C. that D. how 3. _ made the school proud was_ more than 90 of the stu
5、dents had been admitted to key universities. （2003上海春季）A. What; because B. What ; thatC. That ; what D. That; becauseWhether与If在主语从句中的用法 Whether 引导的主语从句中，如果用了形式主语it，引导词whether可以换成if。如果whether从句在句首或后面直接跟有or not 时，不能用if替换。Exercises: T or F 1. Whether I will express my love to my mother is not yet deci
6、ded. ( ) 2. If I will express my love to my mother is not yet decided. ( ) 3. It is not decided yet if I will express my love to my mother. ( )（二）主语从句中用it作形式主语的结构 如果主语从句太长，为避免句子结构头重脚轻，我们可用it作形式主语，而把主语从句放在主句谓语部分之后，尤其是当主句的谓语动词是连系动词时。常见的用形式主语it引导的主语从句结构有：1.It+be+形容词（obvious, true, natural, strange, etc
7、.）+主语从句。如：It is obvious that our parents are too busy to talk with us. 很明显，我们的父母亲太忙以至于没时间和我们交谈。2.It+be+过去分词（said, reported, thought, expected, proved, etc.）+主语从句。如： It is said that our parents usually cant understand us. 据说，我们的父母通常不理解我们。注意：在“It+ be+过去分词+主语从句”结构中，过去分词为suggested/advised/ordered等时，主语从句
8、中的谓语用should + v。It is suggested that all of us should respect our parents. 有人建议我们都应该尊敬我们的父母。3.It+不及物动词（appears/seems/happens/occurs to sb/doesnt matter/makes no difference etc.）+主语从句如：It seems to me that we sometimes dont understand our parents either. 在我看来，有时我们也不理解我们的父母。4.It+及物动词+宾语+主语从句如：It surpri
9、sed me that our parents wouldnt like to accept new things. 让我吃惊的是我们的父母不愿意接受新事物。5.It+be+名词词组（a pity, a shame, a fact, an honor, a/no surprise, a/no wonder etc.）+主语从句如：It is no wonder that there is a generation gap between parents and children. 难怪父母和孩子间会有代沟。Exercises:1. _(你应该和你的孩子耐心地交谈) is what I want
10、 to say.2. _（很显然） communication between parents and children is very important. 3. _(你应该首先做的是) is that you should learn some computer knowledge.4. _（你应该尊重和信任你的孩子)is the most important thing you should do. 5. _(你可以改掉这个坏习惯) if you want is what I want to say. 6. _(这是肯定的) the habit will do harm to you.
11、7. _(是否你能控制自己) is the key to solve the problem.8. _(这个报告是否是真的)is still unknown. 9. _(人们都相信) bringing up a child needs a large amount of money.10. _（我想说的是）is that we should try to save our parents money.11. _ (我想为我妈妈做的是) is to find a new job.12. _ (是否我能帮她找到新工作) is difficult to say.13. _（肯定的是) I will
12、help her all the time.（三）主语从句三要素1.从句用陈述语序 2.主谓一致 3.不能省略关联词Exercises: Part One: 主语从句单选题1. has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever2. It was he said disappointed me. A. what; that B. that; that C. what; what D. that; what3. well go camping tomorrow
13、 depends on the weather.A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where4. we cant get seems better than we have. A. What; what B. What; that C. That; that D. That; whatPart Two: 改错1. He doesnt like them is very clear.2. That has happened proves that my advice is right3. Because of my poor memory, that you told me
14、 has been forgotten.4. If he has signed his name doesnt matter.5. What is the most important in life arent money.Part Three: 翻译句子1. Where time has gone is unknown to us.2. How we should cherish time is worth thinking. 3. It is obvious that our parents are getting old day by day.4. What is known to us all is that our parents devote all they own to us.5. It is suggested that we (should) study hard in return f
