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1、第四部分 英语基础知识 专题九 名词、代词和冠词,高考英语 (北京市专用),A组 20172019年高考模拟考点基础题组,三年模拟,考点一 名词,1.(2019河北唐山一模,70)They concluded that, on average, the (long) of eye contact was three seconds.,答案 length 句意:他们得出结论,目光接触的平均时长是三秒。因为此空前有定冠词the修 饰,且空后为of,故应用形容词long的名词形式,因此填length。,2.(2019湖北七市联考,62)On Oct. 21, 2018 Chinas restaura
2、nt chain serving Shaxian Delicacies opened its first eatery in the United States, but closed three hours after it was officially opened to the public as all the (dish) on the menu were sold out.,答案 dishes 此处表示菜单上的所有菜均已售罄。dish当“菜肴”讲时为可数名词,且all和 were都表明应该用复数形式,因此本空为dishes。,3.(2019陕西汉中三月联考,67)“Eleven y
3、ears is significant, and what this study does is that it adds to a growing body of scientific evidence that we can make real changes in our risks for de- mentia (痴呆), by altering our diets,” said Orly Avitzur, a neurologist and the medical (direct) at Consumer Reports.,答案 director 根据设空前的定冠词和形容词可知此处应
4、用名词形式,direct加or变成名词di- rector。,4.(2019湖北八市三月联考,68)Interior and exterior (decorate), electromechanical installa- tion, and outdoor projects are being finished at the core venues.,答案 decoration 句意:主会场的室内、室外装饰,机电安装和户外工程即将完工。由句子结 构可知此处应用所给词的名词形式,动词decorate去掉e加ion变成名词,因此本空填decora- tion。,5.(2019吉林省实验中学月考,
5、61)I was traveling in a small place in New York. That place had no taxi for a short (distant).,答案 distance 句意:我那时正在纽约的一个小地方旅游,那个地方没有短途出租车。设空处 作for的宾语,故用所给词的名词形式;再根据提示词distant可知设空处填名词distance。,6.(2018广东五校协作体第一次联考,66)Now, Sanzhenzhai has approximately 100 (outlet) across the country.,答案 outlets 句意:现在三
6、珍斋在全国有大约100家经销店。根据设空处前的数字100可推 知设空处需填名词复数形式。,7.(2018内蒙古包头一模,44)Senior experts from UNESCO were amazed at its unique natural scenery, near perfect ecosystem, and creative (combine) of nature and humanism.,答案 combination 句意:来自联合国教科文组织的高级专家们对它独特的自然景色、近乎 完美的生态系统和自然与人本主义的创造性结合感到非常惊讶。设空处在句中作介词at的宾 语,故填名词形
7、式。combination n. 结合;combine为动词。,8.(2017辽宁沈阳东北育才学校二模,62)I want to see the people whose (kind) and compa- ny have made my life worth living.,答案 kindness 句意:我想去看看那些用善良和陪伴使我的人生值得过的人。whose为关系 代词,引导定语从句,后面应该接名词,kind为形容词,kindness为名词。,考点二 代词,1.(2019福建厦门第一次质检,70)The handsome turnover will be used appropriate
8、ly to better pro- tect the Forbidden City and improve international image of being a part of the worlds cul- tural heritage.,答案 its 句意:一大笔营业额将会被合理地用来更好地保护故宫,同时提高它作为世界文化 遗产一部分的国际形象。这里代指故宫的国际形象,因此用形容词性物主代词its。,2.(2019安徽江南十校三月综合素质检测,62)The bridge links three areas, making much more convenient to travel
9、 from one to another.,答案 it 句意:这座桥连接了三个区域,使得从一个地方到另外一个地方变得更加方便。此 处it为形式宾语,后面的to travel from one to another为真正的宾语。,3.(2019甘肃张掖二中8月月考,47)People ride the bikes and then drop off anywhere they like, locking the back wheel, with no need to find a fixed place.,答案 them 句意:人们骑这些自行车,然后把自行车放在他们喜欢的任何地方,只需要锁上后
10、轮,而不必去找一个固定的场所(存放自行车)。根据语境可知此处需要代词指代bikes(复数形 式)作宾语,故答案为them。,4.(2018吉林长春一模,64)In his letter, Jin introduced (he) and Yiwu.,答案 himself 句意:在他的信中,Jin介绍了他自己和义乌。主语和宾语是同一个人,故宾语 采用反身代词形式himself。,5.(2018北京海淀一模,1)The course is designed to help students learn to respect .,答案 others 句意:这门课程是为了帮助学生学会尊重他人而设计的。根
11、据句意可知空格处 表示“他人”,应用others,指“其他的人或事”。,6.(2018北京朝阳一模,3)The meal itself was not so good was boringly brown including vegetables.,答案 everything 句意:这顿饭本身不是很好全都是让人提不起食欲的烤焦了的颜色,包 括蔬菜。根据句意可知此空应指全部的饭,强调每一样都是如此,所以用everything。,7. (2017江西赣中南五校第一次联考,66) Dating sites also make easy to avoid someone who you are not
12、 interested in.,答案 it 句意:约会网站还能使避开那些你不感兴趣的人变得容易。设空处用it作形式宾语, “to avoid someone.”为真正的宾语。,考点三 冠词,1.(2019河北张家口、沧州一模,61)The annual Dalian International Beach Culture Festival ended in September and three-month festival attracted 3.1 million tourists both from home and abroad to Dalian Jinshitan National
13、 Tourist Resort (度假胜地).,答案 the/this 句意:一年一度的大连国际沙滩文化节在九月结束,这个持续三个月的节日吸 引了国内外310万游客来到大连金石滩国际度假胜地。设空处特指上文提到的大连国际沙滩 文化节,因此用the/this。,2.(2019湖北七市联考,65)The Shaxian Delicacies restaurant chain has already become great success in China.,答案 a 句意:沙县小吃连锁餐厅在中国已经取得了巨大的成功。抽象名词success具体指一 件成功的事时前面加不定冠词a。,3.(2019内
14、蒙古赤峰二中月考,42)It was the invention of afternoon tea that turned tea-drinking into popular pastime.,答案 a 句意:下午茶的发明把喝茶变成了一项受欢迎的消遣活动。可数名词pastime在本 句中表示泛指,故填a。,4.(2019湖北黄冈9月质量检测,68)Confucius was extraordinary educator and philosopher, and founded Confucianism.,答案 an 句意:孔子是一位杰出的教育家和哲学家,并且创立了儒家思想。设空处后的edu-
15、cator and philosopher表泛指概念且extraordinary以元音音素开头,故用不定冠词an。,5.(2018河南郑州一中第六次测试,42)Four boys were taking walk in the woods near Mon- tignac.,答案 a 句意:四个男孩儿正在Montignac附近的树林里散步。take a walk为固定短语,意为 “行走,散步”。,6.(2018福建莆田3月质检,65)Among “four new great inventions”,online shopping was invented by Michael Aldrich
16、 in the U.K. in 1979.,答案 the 句意:在这“新四大发明”中,网上购物是Michael Aldrich于1979年在英国首创 的。设空处后的名词inventions在本句中表示特指,故用定冠词the。,7.(2017河南八市重点高中质检,62)Now we know that they have same features that can also be found in sharks around Australia and the South Sea.,答案 the 句意:现在我们知道它们与在澳大利亚及南海周围发现的鲨鱼有相同的特征。the same.为固定搭配,意为:相同的。,8.(2017江西赣中南五校一次联考,62) World Wide Web is quickly becoming the worlds most popular matchmaker(媒人).,答案 The 句意:万维网正迅速成为世
