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1、Module 5 The Conquest of the UniverseDuring the Cold War, the United States and the Soviet Union were in competition with each other to see who had the better technology in space. After World War both the United States and the Soviet Union realized how important rocket research would be to the milit
2、ary. They each employed the top rocket scientists from Germany to help with their research. Soon both sides were making progress in rocket technology.The Space Race began in 1955 when both countries announced that they would soon launch satellites into orbit. The Soviets took the US announcement as
3、a challenge and even set up a commission whose goal was to beat the US in putting a satellite into space. On Oct. 4th, 1957 the Russians placed the first successful satellite called Sputnikinto orbit. Thus, the Russians had taken the lead in the Space Race. Four months later, the Americans successfu
4、lly launched their first satellite called the Explorer. However, the Soviets again won the race for putting the first man into space. On Apr. 12th, 1961, Yuri Gagarin was the first man to orbit the Earth in the spacecraft Vostok. Three weeks later, the US launched the Freedom 7 and astronaut Alan Sh
5、epherd became the first American in space. However, Shepherds craft did not orbit the Earth. It was nearly a year later that the first American, John Glenn, orbited the Earth on the Friendship 7 spacecraft.The Americans were embarrassed at being behind the Space Race. In 1961, President Kennedy anno
6、unced that he wanted to be the first to put a man on the Moon. He thought this was important for the country and the western world, so the Apollo Moon program was launched.With the Apollo programs launched, the US had taken a huge lead in the Space Race. In July of 1975 with relations between the US
7、 and the Soviet Union beginning to thaw (关系缓和), the first USSoviet joint mission occurred with the ApolloSoyez project. The Space Race was effectively over.Section_Introduction & Reading Prereading原文呈现Space: the Final FrontierPart 1Ever since Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon back on 21st Ju
8、ly, 1969， people have become accustomed to the idea of space travel. Millions of people watched that first moon landing on television, their hearts in their mouths, aware of how difficult and dangerous an adventure it was, and what risks had to be taken. With Armstrongs now famous words：“Thats one s
9、mall step for man, one giant leap for mankind”， a dream was achieved. All three astronauts made it safely back to Earth, using a spaceship computer that was much less powerful than the ones used by the average school students today.There were several more journeys into space over the next few years
10、but the single spaceships were very expensive as they could not take off more than once. People were no longer so enthusiastic about a space travel programme that was costing the United States D|S10 million a day. That was until the arrival of the space shuttle a spacecraft that could be used for se
11、veral journeys. The first shuttle flight into space was the Columbia launched from the Kennedy Space Centre on 12th April, 1981. The aim of this flight was to test the new shuttle system, to go safely up into orbit and to return to the Earth for a safe landing. It was a success and a little more tha
12、n a decade after Apollo 11s historic voyage, the Columbia made a safe, controlled, aeroplanestyle landing in California. This was the start of a new age of space travel.读文清障set foot on/in 踏上，进入/进到(某处)Ever since .是时间状语从句，主句通常用现在完成时。accustomed/kstmd/adj.习惯的become/be accustomed to 习惯于(注意to为介词)millions
13、of 数以百万计的(表泛指)如果million 前面有具体数字表示确指，则million不能用复数，后面也不加of。aware adj.意识到的；知道的be/become aware of 知道；意识到risk n. & v危险，风险；使(某人/自己)面临危险take/run risks/a risk 冒险risk doing . 冒险做giant adj.巨大的using a spaceship computer that . 是现在分词短语作方式状语。该状语中含有that引导的定语从句，修饰a spaceship computer。该定语从句中，used by .是过去分词短语作定语，修饰
14、the ones。as they could not take off more than once 是原因状语从句。take off 起飞；脱掉；成功take on 雇用，聘用；呈现，具有once n一次 adv.曾经 conj.一旦(引导条件状语从句)be enthusiastic about 对很热情/热心that was costing the United States D|S10 million a day 是定语从句，修饰a space travel programme。shuttle/tl/n.航天飞机that could be used for several journey
15、s 是定语从句，修饰a spacecraft。launched from . 为过去分词短语作后置定语。to test ., to go safely up ., to return .是三个动词不定式短语作表语。historic/hIstrIk/adj.历史性的，有重大历史意义的historical adj.(有关)历史的age n时期，时代；年龄a new age of 的新纪元太空：最后的疆域第一部分第12段译文自从尼尔阿姆斯特朗在1969年7月21日首次踏上月球以来，人们对太空旅行这一概念已经非常熟悉。数以百万计的人们从电视上观看了首次登月，他们的心提到了嗓子眼，因为他们十分清楚这次冒
16、险是多么艰难多么危险，以及要冒多么大的风险。伴随着阿姆斯特朗那句如今已经非常有名的话：“这是一个人的一小步，但是整个人类的一大步”，一个梦想实现了。三位宇航员都顺利返回地球，他们当年使用的计算机远不及现在普通学生使用的电脑高级。在接下来的几年里，又有几艘宇宙飞船进入太空，但是单程宇宙飞船非常昂贵，因为它们只能被使用一次。人们对每天要花掉美国1 000万美元的太空旅行计划不再那么热衷了。这种情况一直持续到航天飞机的出现那是一种可以被用来进行多次旅行的航天器。第一个到达太空的航天飞机是“哥伦比亚号”于1981年4月12日发射于肯尼迪航天中心。这次飞行的目的是测试这种新的飞行器，看其是否能够安全进入轨道、返回地球并且
